Version 23.12.2018
Massachusetts:
(Part II: Cavalry, Artillery, Sharpshooters)
c. Cavalry:
1st Regiment Massachusetts Cavalry:
s. LtCol (Captain Co. B) Samuel E. *Chamberlain; Captain Charles Francis *Adams jr; Captain Benjamin W. *Crowninshield (Co. F&H); Captain Caspar *Crowninshield (Co. E); 2ndLt/Adjutant Nathaniel *Bowditch (Co. F&S); Duty Sergeant Charles A. Legg (Co. C); Pvt Henry T. *Bartlett
Overview:
Organized at Camp Brigham, Reedville, and duty there till December 25, 1861. Companies "A," "B," "C" and "D" left State for Annapolis, Md., December 25, 1861; thence moved to Hilton Head, S. C., February, 1862, and join Regiment. Second Battalion left State for New York December 27, and Third Battalion December 29 for same point; thence sailed for Hilton Head, S. C., January 13, arriving January 20, 1862. Attached to Department of the South to April, 1862. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, Dept. of the South, to August, 1862. Companies "A" to "H" moved to Fort Monroe August 19, 1862; thence to Washington, D. C., and join Pleasanton's Cavalry, Army of the Potomac, at Tenallytown, September 3. Attached to Pleasanton's Cavalry, Army of the Potomac, to October, 1862. Averill's Brigade, Cavalry Division, Army of the Potomac, to January, 1863. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, to April, 1865. (4 new Companies, "I," "K," "L," "M," organized December 5, 1863, to January 14, 1864.) Provost Marshal's Command, Army of the Potomac, to May, 1865. Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, to June, 1865.
Service:
Duty at Hilton Head, S. C., till May, 1862. Moved to Edisto Island, S. C., May (Cos. "E" to "M"). Operations on James Island, S. C., June 1-28. Action James Island June 8. Battle of Secessionville June 16 (Co. "H"). Evacuation of James Island and movement to Hilton Head June 28-July 7. Poolesville, Md., September 4-5. Sugar Loaf Mountain September 10-11. South Mountain September 14. Battle of Antietam September 16-17. Shepherdstown, W. Va., September 19. Kearneysville, Shephardstown and Smithfield October 16-17. 4 Companies with 5th Corps October 30-November 25. 4 Companies near Hagerstown, Md., till November 16, thence moved to Washington November 16-25, and duty there refitting till December 13. Bloomfield November 2-3. Snicker's Gap November 3-4. Markham Station November 4. Manassas Gap November 5-6. Reconnoissance to Grove Church December 1. Battle of Fredericksburg, Va., December 12-15. Reconnoissance toward Warrenton December 21-23. Expedition to Richard's and Ellis' Fords December 29-30. Reconnaissance to Catlett's and Rappahannock Station January 8-10, 1863. Elk Run, Auburn, January 9. Near Grove Church January 9. Destruction of Rappahannock Bridge February 5. Hartwood Church February 25. Kelly's Ford March 17. Bealeton March 17. Chancellorsville Campaign, Stoneman's Raid, April 29-May 6. Rapidan Station May 1. Near Prairie Grove June 3. Kelly's Ford, Brandy Station and Stevensburg June 9. Aldie June 17. Upperville June 21. Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 2-3. Emmettsburg July 4. Williamsport July 6-7. Near Harper's Ferry, W. Va., July 14. Old Antietam Forge, near Leitersburg, July 10. Jones' Cross Roads July 12. Shepherdstown July 16. Near Aldie July 31. Scout to Hazel River August 4. Rixeyville August 5. Welford's Ford August 9. Scout to Barbee's Cross Roads August 24. Scout to Middleburg September 10-11. Advance from the Rappahannock to the Rapidan September 13-17. Culpeper C. H. September 13. Rapidan Station September 13-14-15. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Warrenton (or Rappahannock Station) October 12. Auburn and Bristoe October 14. Brentsville October 14. Picket near Warrenton till November 22. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Mine Run November 27. Scout and picket duty at Warrenton till April 21, 1864. Kilpatrick's Raid on Richmond February 28-March 4. Fortifications of Richmond March 1. (Cos. "C," "D" at Headquarters Army of the Potomac, April, 1864, to muster out.) Rapidan Campaign May-June. Todd's Tavern May 5-6. Wilderness May 6-7. Todd's Tavern May 7-8. Corbin's Bridge, Spottsylvania, May 8. Davenport Ford May 9. Sheridan's Raid to James River May 9-24. North Anna River May 9-10. Ground Squirrel Church, Ashland and Yellow Tavern May 11. Brooks' Church, or Richmond Fortifications, May 12. Line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor May 31-June 1. About Cold Harbor June 1-7. Sumner's Upper Bridge June 2. Sheridan's Trevillian Raid June 7-24. Trevillian Station June 11-12. Newark, or Mallory's Cross Roads, June 12. Black Creek, or Tunstall Station, and White House, or St. Peter's Church, June 21. St. Mary's Church June 24. Camp at Prince George Court House June 27-July 13. Weldon Railroad and Warwick Swamp July 12. At Lee's Mills till July 26. Demonstration on north side of James River July 27-29. Deep Bottom July 27-28. Malvern Hill July 28. Lee's Mills July 30. Scouting duty till August 14. Demonstration north of James River August 14-18. Gravel Hill August 14. Strawberry Plains August 14-18. Charles City Cross Roads August 18. Weldon Railroad August 19-21. Dinwiddie Road, near Ream's Station, August 23. Ream's Station August 25. Hawkinsville September 14. Jerusalem Plank Road September 16. Belcher's Mills September 17. Poplar Grove Church September 29-October 2. Davis' Farm September 30. Arthur's Swamp September 30-October 1. Vaughan Road October 1. (Old members left front for Massachusetts October 25, 1864.) Boydton Plank Road, Hatcher's Run, October 27-28. At McCann's Station till November 18. Reconnoissance toward Stony Creek November 7. At Westbrook House till December 1. Stony Creek Station December 1. Bellefield Raid December 7-12. Bellefield December 9-10. At Westbrook House till March 17, 1865. Dabney's Mills, Hatcher's Run, February 5-7. Provost duty at City Point till April 2. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Provost duty till May 27. Duty in the Defences of Washington till June 26. Mustered out June 29, 1865, and discharged at Readville, Mass., July 24, 1865.
3rd Battalion.-(Cos. "I," "K," "L" and "M.") Duty in District of Beaufort, S. C., till August, 1862. Action at Pocotaligo, S. C., May 22, 1862 (Detachment). Patrol and guard duty and picketing Broad River. Expedition to St. John s Bluff, Fla., September 30-October 13, 1862. Expedition to Pocotaligo, S. C., October 21-23. Pocotaligo Bridge October 21. Caston and Frampton's Plantation October 22. Attached to 10th Army Corps, Dept. of the South. Company "M" at Hilton Head, S. C., and outpost duty at Lawton's Plantation till August, 1863. A Detachment of Company "I" at Folly Island, S. C., till July, 1863, and Morris Island, S. C., to August, 1863. Balance of Company "I" on outpost duty at Hilton Head, S. C., June to August, 1863. Permanently detached from 1st Cavalry by S. C. 346, War Department, August 4, 1863, and designated Independent Battalion, Massachusetts Cavalry (which see).
Regiment lost during service 6 Officers and 93 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 140 Enlisted men by disease. Total 239.
This unit saw action in the East from 1862-1865 fighting at Gettysburg, Kelly's Ford, Brandy Station, Todd's Tavern, the Cavalry Raid on Richmond and others.
Documents/Literature:
- Barlett, Henry T. Letter, 1888. 0.1 cu. ft. Soldier in the 1st Massachusetts Cavalry; later, Vice President of the Cavalry Corps in the Society to the Army of the Potomac. Writes Samuel E. Chamberlain, President of the Cavalry Corps, S.A.P., in 1888, urging him to nominate a cavalryman as the next president of the S.A.P., and cites the importance of the cavalry at the Battle of Gettysburg (1863) (Virginia Tech, Univ. Libraries, Special Collections: Civil War guide - Manuscript Sources for Civil War Research in the Special Collections Department of the Virginia Tech Libraries Ms89-031)
- **Crowninshield, Benjamin W.: A History of the First Regiment of Massachusetts Cavalry Volunteers (Boston: Houghton-Mifflin & Company, 1891); Bibliothek Ref ameridownload Massachusetts 1st Cavalry (Crowninshield)
2nd Regiment Massachusetts Cavalry:
Col (Major) Caspar *Crowninshield
Overview:
Company "A" organized at San Francisco, Cal., December 10, 1862. Arrived at Readville, Mass., January 4, 1863. Companies "B," "C," "D," "G," "H," "I" and "K" organized at Camp Meigs, Readville, Mass. Companies "E," "F," "L" and "M" organized at San Francisco, Cal., February and March, 1863. Left San Francisco for Readville, Mass., March 21 and joined Regiment at Readville, Mass., as California Battalion April 16, 1863.
Companies "A," "B," "C," "D" and "K" left Massachusetts for Baltimore, Md.; thence moved to Fortress Monroe, Va., February 12-18, 1863; thence moved to Gloucester Point, Va., February 19. Attached to Cavalry Command, 4th Army Corps, Dept. of Virginia. Engaged in picket and outpost duty and scouting till July, 1863. Reconnoissance from Gloucester March 30. Expedition to Gloucester Court House April 7. Companies "A" and "B" moved to Williamsburg, Va., and reconnoissance to White House April 27-May 14. Expedition to King and Queen County May 6. Companies "C," "D" and "K" moved to West Point May 15 and duty there till June 1. Dix's Peninsula Campaign June 24-July 7. Expedition to South Anna Bridge June 23-28. Action at Hanovertown and South Anna Bridge June 26. Expedition from White House to South Anna River July 1-7. Expedition to Gloucester Court House July 25. Moved to Washington, D. C., July 27-29, and joined Regiment at Centreville, Va., August 6.
Companies "E," "F," "G," "H," "I," "L" and "M" moved from Readville, Mass., to Washington, D. C., May 11-16, 1863. Attached to Casey's Provisional Troops, 22nd Corps, to August, 1863. King's Division, 22nd Corps, to September, 1863. Cavalry Brigade, 22nd Corps, to August, 1864. Reserve Cavalry Brigade, 1st Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of Shenandoah, Middle Military Division, to September, 1864. 3rd (Reserve) Brigade, 1st Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of Shenandoah and Army of the Potomac, to July, 1865.
Service:
Duty at East Capital Hill, Defences of Washington, D. C., till May 30, 1863, and at Camp Brightwood June 1-11. Moved to Poolesville, Md., June 23, and patrol duty in rear of the Army of the Potomac June 23-July 3. Brockville July 1. Scout near Dawsonville July 3-9. Reconnoissance to Ashby's Gap July 11-14. Action at Ashby's Gap July 12. Rockville, Md., July 13. Reconnoissance to Warrenton July 20-21. Skirmishes at Warrenton July 21 and 31. Operations about Fairfax Court House July 28-August 3. Near Aldie July 30. Duty at Centreville, Va., operating against Moseby till October 6. Companies "C," "F," "G" and "I" detached at Muddy Branch September 15, 1863, to March 8, 1864. Warrenton Pike August 17. Coyle's Tavern, near Fairfax Court House, August 24. Expeditions from Centreville August 15-19, September 18-20 and October 2-5. Ordered to Fairfax Court House October 6, thence to Vienna October 9 and duty there till May 24, 1864. Scout to Gum Springs October 12-13, 1863. Near Annandale October 22. Tyson's Cross Roads November 14. Reconnoissance to Blue Ridge Mountains November 18-26. Picket attacks December 12-23. Affair at Germantown December 13 (Detachment). Scout from Vienna to Middleburg December 18-20. Skirmish with Moseby December 29. Near Ellis and Ely's Fords January 17, 1864. Ellis Ford January 26. Scout to Aldie February 4-6. Aldie February 5. Near Circlesville February 21. Dranesville February 22. Scout to Farmwell February 25-26. Companies "B," "D," "E" and "M" relieve Companies "C," "F," "G" and "I" at Muddy Branch March 8. Expedition to Faquier and Loudoun Counties April -. Affair Leesburg April 19 (Detachment). Action with Moseby near Leesburg April 28. Scout to Upperville April 28-May 1. Patrol duty on Orange & Alexandria Railroad May --. Moved to Fall's Church May 24. Escort wounded from the Wilderness June 8-14. Point of Rocks July 5. Action with Moseby at Mt. Zion Church, near Aldie, July 6. Frederick Pike July 7-8. Tennallytown July 10. Fort Reno and near Fort Stevens July 11. Fort Stevens and about Northern Defences of Washington July 11-12. Rockville, Md., July 13. Poolesville, Md., July 14. Pursuit of Early to Snicker's Gap July 14-23. Snicker's Gap July 17-18. At Rockville July 26-August 9. Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign August to November. Shepherdstown August 10. White Post August 12. Strasburg August 15. Winchester August 17 and 18. Opequan Creek August 18. Near Opequan Creek August 19. Berryville Pike August 20. Summit Point August 21. Charleston August 21-22. Halltown August 22-24. Summit Point August 25-27. Smithfield August 29. Berryville September 3-4. Berryville Pike September 4. Opequan Creek September 7. Locke's Ford, Opequan Creek, September 13. Sevier's Ford, Opequan Creek, September 15. Battle of Opequan, Winchester, September 19. Front Royal and Snake Mountain September 20. Fisher's Hill September 21. Milford September 22. Mill's Ford September 23. Toll Gate, near Front Royal, September 23. Luray Valley September 24. Port Republic September 26-27. Rockfish Gap September 28. Waynesboro September 28, 29 and 30 and October 2. Mt. Crawford October 2. Tom's Brook, "Woodstock Races," October 8-9. Battle of Cedar Creek October 19. Guarding Winchester & Potomac Railroad November 3-28. Near Kernstown November 11. Expedition to Loudoun and Faquier Counties November 28-December 3. Expedition to Gordonsville December 19-28. Madison Court House December 20. Gordonsville December 23. Charlottesville December 24. At Camp Russell, near Winchester, January 1 to February 27, 1865. Sheridan's Raid to White House Landing February 27-May 25. Occupation of Staunton March 2. Waynesborough March 2. Duguidsville March 8. South Anna Bridge March 14. Destruction of Virginia Central Railroad and James River Canal. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. White Oak Road, near Five Forks, March 30. Dinwiddie Court House March 30-31. Five Forks April 1. Scott's Cross Roads April 2. Tabernacle Church or Beaver Pond Creek April 4. Sailor's Creek April 6. Appomattox Station April 8. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. At Nottaway Station till April 19. Expedition to Danville April 23-29. Near Petersburg to May 10. March to Washington, D. C., May 10-16. Grand Review May 23. Near Cloud's Mills May 29-June 26, and at Fairfax Court House till July 20. Mustered out July 20, 1865.
Regiment lost during service 8 Officers and 82 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 3 Officers and 138 Enlisted men by disease. Total 231.
Documents/Literature:
- Parson, Thomas E. Bear Flag and Bay State in the Civil War: The Californians of the Second Massachusetts Cavalry. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland, 2001
3rd Massachusetts Cavalry Regiment:
s. 2ndLt John Chipman *Gray (Co. H); Reverend James K. *Ewer; Pvt Russell C. *Eliott (Co B); Pvt Dudley *Gale
Overview:
Organized as 41st Massachusetts Infantry. Designation changed to 3rd Cavalry June 17, 1863. Company "A," 33rd Massachusetts Infantry, assigned as Company "I." 2nd Battalion, Massachusetts Cavalry, assigned as Companies "L" and "M." Attached to 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, 19th Army Corps, Army of the Gulf, to June, 1863. Cavalry Brigade, Dept. of the Gulf, to July, 1863. Defences of New Orleans to August, 1863. Cavalry Brigade, District of Port Hudson, La., Dept. of the Gulf, to October, 1863. Unattached, Cavalry Division, Dept. of the Gulf, to January, 1864. 4th Brigade, Cavalry Division, Dept. of the Gulf, to June, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, 19th Army Corps, Dept. of the Gulf and Army of Shenandoah, Middle Military Division, to February, 1865. Reserve Cavalry Brigade, Army of Shenandoah, to April, 1865. Defences of Washington, D. C., 22nd Army Corps, to June, 1865. Dept. of Missouri to September, 1865.
Service:
Siege of Port Hudson, La., June 17-July 9, 1863. Duty at Port Hudson till January, 1864, scouting, outpost and patrol duty. Action at Jackson August 3, 1863. Plain's Store November 30. Ordered to New Orleans, La., January 2, 1864. Duty at Carrollton till February 29. March to Berwick and Brashear City February 29-March 10. Red River Campaign March 10-May 22. Advance from Franklin to Alexandria March 14-26. Monett's Ferry and Cloutiersville March 29-30. Natchitoches March 31. Crump's Hill, Piney Woods, April 2. Bayou de Paul, Carroll's Mills, April 8. Sabine Cross Roads April 8. Pleasant Hill April 9. Natchitoches April 19. Monett's Bluff, Monett's Ferry, April 23. Hudnot's Plantation and Alexandria May 1. Mansura May 4. Retreat to Morganza May 13-20. Mansura May 16. Moreauville May 17. Yellow Bayou May 18. Dismounted June 25 and equipped as Infantry. Moved from Morganza to New Orleans, La, July 3; thence to Fortress Monroe, Va., and Washington, D. C., July 15-28. Moved to Monocacy, Md., July 29; thence to Harper's Ferry, W. Va., August 4. Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign August 7-November 28. Battle of Opequan, Winchester, September 19. Fisher's Hill September 22. Battle of Cedar Creek October 19. At Cedar Creek till November 9. At Opequan Creek, near Winchester, till December 25. Moved to Stephenson's Landing, thence to Remount Camp, Pleasant Valley, Md., December 25-28, and duty there till February 24, 1865. Again mounted and equipped as Cavalry February 15. Moved to Opequan Creek March 8. Scout to Front Royal March 16. Scout to Woodstock April 1. Duty at Cedar Creek, Edinburgh, Winchester and Berryville till April 20. Moved to Washington, D. C., April 20-22, and duty at Fall's Church till May 22. Grand Review May 23-24. Old members mustered out May 20, 1865. Company "L" mustered out December 27, 1864, and Company "M" January 31, 1865. Duty at Bladensburg and Cloud's Mills till June 14. Moved to St. Louis, Mo., June 14-20; thence to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, June 21-25. Regiment consolidated to 6 Companies July 21. March to Fort Kearney, Neb., July 27-August 16. March to Cottonwood Springs, Colo., August 23-28; thence to Fort Kearney August 29-September 1, and to Fort Leavenworth September 8-18. Mustered out September 28, 1865. Moved to Boston, Mass., September 29-October 5, and discharged October 8, 1865.
Regiment lost during service 5 Officers and 101 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 2 Officers and 180 Enlisted men by disease. Total 288.
Predecessor units:
2nd BATTALION CAVALRY.
Organized at Camp Chase, Lowell, Mass. Company "A" November 15, Company "B" December 27 and Company "C" December 6, 1861. Moved to Boston January 2, 1862; thence sailed to Fortress Monroe, Va., and Ship Island, Miss., January 13, arriving at Ship Island February 12. Attached to Phelp's 1st Brigade (Co. "A"), Williams' 2nd Brigade (Co. "B") and Shipley's 3rd Brigade (Co. "C"), Dept. of the Gulf, to September, 1862. Sherman's 2nd Division, 19th Army Corps, Dept. of the Gulf (Co. "A"), to June, 1863. Weitzel's Reserve Brigade, Dept. of the Gulf, to January, 1863 (Co. "B"). 1st Division, 19th Army Corps, Dept. of the Gulf, to June, 1863 (Co. "B"). Defences New Orleans, Dept. of the Gulf, to May, 1863 (Co. "C"). Cavalry Brigade, 19th Army Corps, Dept. of the Gulf, to June, 1863 (Co. "C").
Service:
At Ship Island, Miss., till April, 1862. Occupation of New Orleans, La., May. Battle of Baton Rouge, La., August 5 (Co. "B"). St. Charles Court House August 29 (Co. "B"). Operations in LaFourche District October 24-November 6 (Co. "B"). Affair at Plaquemine December 31 (Co. "C"). Operations on Bayou Plaquemine and the Black and Atchafalaya Rivers February 12-28, 1863 (Co. "B"). Operations against Port Hudson March 7-27. Expedition to Hermitage Landing March 24 (Co. "B"). Operations in Western Louisiana April 9-May 14. Teche Campaign April 11-20. Fort Bisland April 12-13. Jeanerette April 14. Near Washington May 1. Boyce's Bridge, Cotile Landing, May 14. Siege of Port Hudson May 24-June 17. Expedition to Clinton June 3-8 (Co. "C"). Assigned to 3rd Massachusetts Cavalry June 17, 1863. Companies "A" and "B" as Company "M," and Company "C" as Company "L." (See 3rd Massachusetts Cavalry.)
MASSACHUSETTS VOLUNTEERS
41st REGIMENT INFANTRY.
Organized at Lynnfield August 31 to November 1, 1862. Left State for New York November 5. Sailed for New Orleans, La., on Steamer "North Star" December 4, arriving December 15. Moved to Baton Rouge December 16-17. Attached to Grover's Division, Dept. of the Gulf, to January, 1863. 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, 19th Army Corps, Dept. of the Gulf, to June, 1863.
Service:
Duty at Baton Rouge to March 28, 1863. Expedition to Comite River March 9-10. Moved to Donaldsville March 28. Operations in Western Louisiana April 9-May 14. Teche Campaign April 11-20. Irish Bend April 14. Destruction of salt works near Iberia April 18. Provost duty at Opelousas till May 11. Moved to Barre Landing May 11, thence with trains to Berwick May 21-26. Actions at Franklin and Centreville May 25. Moved to Algiers, thence to Port Hudson May 26-June 3. Designation of Regiment changed to 3rd Massachusetts Cavalry June 17, 1863. (See 3rd Massachusetts Cavalry.)
Medal of Honor: Pvt Russell C. *Eliott (Co B);
Documents/Literature:
- Ewer, James K. (Reverend 3rd Mass Cavalry): The Third Massachusetts Cavalry in the War for the Union (Maplewood, Massachusetts 1903)
- Gale, Dudley: Letter, 1862, n.d. Union soldier in the 3rd Massachusetts Cavalry during the Civil War. Two letters, one written on December 5, 1862, from Gale in New Orleans, Louisiana, and the other on July 23, year unknown, from an unknown place. Both are to his mother in Salisbury Point, Massachusetts. Writes about a recent illness he suffered and a friend with whom he enlisted, who is now going home, and his happiness that a furlough home is pending. (Virginia Tech, Univ. Libraries, Special Collections: Civil War guide. Manuscript Sources for Civil War Research in the Special Collections Department of the Virginia Tech Libraries Ms 92-014).
4th Regiment, Massachusetts Cavalry:
s. 2ndLt Nathaniel Bowditch (Co. L)
Overview:
Organized at Readville December 26, 1863, to February 8, 1864. 1st Battalion formerly Independent Battalion, Massachusetts Cavalry, was assigned as Companies "I," "K," "L" and "M" February 12, 1864. Attached to Light Brigade, District of Florida, 10th Corps, Dept. of the South, to April, 1864. Unattached, Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina, 10th, 18th and 24th Army Corps, and 25th Army Corps, Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina, to August, 1865. Dept. of Virginia to November, 1865.
Service:
Expedition from Jacksonville, Fla., to Lake City, Fla., February 7-22, 1864. Battle of Olustee, Fla., February 20. McGrath's Creek, Cedar Mountain, March 1. Cedar Mountain April 2. Ordered to Bermuda Hundred, Va., arriving there May 8. Operations against Fort Darling April 12-16. Bermuda Hundred May 20-30. Jordan's Crossing and Petersburg June 9. Siege operations against Petersburg and Richmond June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. At Headquarters, Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina, June 21 to August 15, 1864. At Headquarters, 10th Army Corps, till December, 1864. Demonstration on north side of the James August 13-20. Strawberry Plains August 14-18. Flusser's Mills August 18-19. (Co. "M" detached at Ball's Bluff on outpost duty August 23, 1864, to March, 1865.) Before Petersburg August 24 to September 28. Chaffin's Farm, New Market Heights, September 28-30. Ball's Bluff October 13 (Co. "M"). Fair Oaks October 27-28. Expedition into Charles City and Henrico Counties November 1-5. Duty before Richmond till March, 1865. At Headquarters, Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina, December, 1864, to April, 1865 (Cos. "I," "L" and "M"). At Headquarters, 24th Army Corps, December, 1864, to April, 1865 (Co. "K"). Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9, 1865. Fall of Petersburg April 2. High Bridge, Cumberland Church, April 6-7. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Duty at Richmond till November --.
2nd Battalion.-(Cos. "A," "B," "C" and "D.") Sailed from Boston for Hilton Head, S. C., on Steamer "Western Metropolis" March 20, 1864, arriving April 1. Picket and outpost duty at Hilton Head till June. Expedition to Ashepoo River May 22-26 (2 Cos.). 2 Companies moved to Jacksonville, Fla., June 6-8, and duty there till January, 1865, participating in skirmish at Front Creek July 15, 1864. Raid from Jacksonville upon Baldwin July 23-28. Skirmish at South Fork, Black Creek, July 24. St. Mary's Trestle July 26. Raid on Florida Railroad August 15-19. Gainesville August 17. Magnolia October 24. Gum Swamp October 24. 2 Companies on duty at Hilton Head, S. C., June to November, 1864. Expedition to John's Island, S. C., July 2-10. Operations against Battery Pringle July 4-9. Expedition to Boyd's Neck November 29-30. Battle of Honey Hill November 30. Expedition to Deveaux's Neck December 1-6. March to Charleston January 15-February 23, 1865. Potter's Expedition to South Mills, S. C., April 5-25. Statesburg April 15. Occupation of South Mills April 17. Boykin's Mills April 18. Denkin's Mills April 19. Beech Creek, near Statesburg, April 19. Duty in the Dept. of the South till mustered out.
3rd Battalion.-(Cos. "E," "F," "G" and "H.") Sailed from Boston for Hilton Head, S. C., on Steamer "Western Metropolis" April 23, 1864, arriving April 27. Moved to Newport News, Va., May 1-3; thence to City Point May 23, and duty there scouting, picketing and on the fortifications till June 16. Duty at Bermuda Hundred till August 23. Companies "E" and "H" at Headquarters of 18th Army Corps June 16-December 4, and at Headquarters of 25th Army Corps December, 1864, to April, 1865. Company "F" at Headquarters of 24th Army Corps December, 1864, to April, 1865. Company "G" detached at Yorktown and Williamsburg, Va., August 23, 1864, to April, 1865. Occupation of Richmond April 3, 1865 (Cos. "E" and "H"). Company "F" on Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. High Bridge, Cumberland Church, April 6-7. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Regiment mustered out November 14, 1865. Discharged at Boston November 26, 1865.
Regiment lost during service 4 Officers and 28 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 2 Officers and 128 Enlisted men by disease. Total 162.
Predecessor Unit
MASSACHUSETTS VOLUNTEERS INDEPENDENT BATTALION CAVALRY.
Organized by detachment of Companies "I," "K," "L" and "M," 1st Massachusetts Cavalry, August 4, 1863. Duty at Beaufort and Hilton Head, S. C., till February, 1864. Company "I" (a Detachment) at Morris Island, S. C., August to December, 1863. Siege operations against Sumpter and Charleston. Expedition from Hilton Head, S. C., to Jacksonville, Fla., February 5-7, 1864. Capture of Jacksonville February 7. Ten-Mile Run, near Camp Finnegan, February 8. Barber's Place February 10. Lake City February 11. Assigned to 4th Massachusetts Cavalry as Companies "I," "K," "L" and "M" February 12, 1864.
5th Regiment, Massachusetts Cavalry (Colored):
Col Charles Francis *Adams jr (Adams war zunächst Captain in der 1st Massachusetts Cavalry, dann LtCol 5th Massachusetts Cavalry 8.9.1864; Col 14.5.1865)
Overview:
Organized at Camp Meigs, Readville. 1st Battalion moved to Washington, D. C., May 5-8, 1864. At Camp Stoneman, Giesboro Point, Md., May 8-12. Dismounted and moved to Camp Casey, near Fort Albany, May 12. 2nd Battalion moved to Washington May 6-8, and to Camp Casey May 9. 3rd Battalion moved to Washington May 8-10, and to Camp Casey May 11. Regiment moved to Fortress Monroe, Va., thence to City Point, Va., May 13-16. Attached to Rand's Provisional Brigade, 18th Army Corps, Dept. of Virginia and North Carolina, May, 1864. Hinks' Colored Division, 18th Army Corps, to June, 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 18th Army Corps, to July, 1864. Point Lookout, Md., District of St. Mary's, 22nd Army Corps, to March, 1865. Unattached, 25th Army Corps, Dept. of Virginia, to June, 1865. Dept. of Texas to October, 1865.
Service:
Duty at City Point, Va., as Infantry till June 16, 1864. Before Petersburg June 16-19. Siege of Petersburg June 16-28. Moved to Point Lookout, Md., June 30, and duty there guarding prisoners till March, 1865. Ordered to the field and duty near Richmond, March; near Petersburg, April; near City Point, May, and at Camp Lincoln till June 16. Ordered to Texas and duty at Clarksville till October. Mustered out October 31, 1865.
Regiment lost during service 7 Enlisted men killed and 116 Enlisted men by disease. Total 123.
8th Regiment, Massachusetts Cavalry:
Overview:
"Compendium of the War of the Rebellion" by Frederick H. Dyer contains no history for this unit.
d. Artillery:
1st Massachusetts Light Artillery:
s. auch 2nd Independence Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery
Photo:
- Davis / Wiley: Photographic History of the Civil War, vol I, a.a.O., S. 151, 152
1st Regiment Massachusetts Heavy Artillery:
s. Pvt Aaron B. *Ames (Co. B); Pvt Eliazer C. *Bennett (Co. A); Pvt George W. *Chamberlain (Co. L); Samuel *Melvin
Overview:
Organized as 14th Massachusetts Infantry July 5, 1861. Designation changed to 1st Heavy Artillery January 1, 1862. Attached to Wadsworth's Command, Military District of Washington, January to May, 1862. Whipple's Brigade, Military District of Washington, to December, 1862. Artillery, District of Alexandria, Defences of Washington, to February, 1863. Artillery, District of Alexandria, 22nd Army Corps, to April, 1863. 1st Brigade, DeRussy's Division, 22nd Army Corps, to April, 1864. 2nd Brigade, DeRussy's Division, 22nd Army Corps, to May, 1864. 2nd Brigade, Tyler's Heavy Artillery Division, Army of the Potomac, to May, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 2nd Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to May, 1865. Defences of Washington, 22nd Army Corps, to August, 1865. (Cos. "B," "C," "H" and "I" attached to Defences of Upper Potomac, 8th Army Corps, Middle Department, October, 1862, to March, 1863. 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, 8th Army Corps, Middle Department, to June, 1863. Maryland Brigade, French's Command, 8th Army Corps, to July, 1863. Artillery Reserve, Army of the Potomac, to August, 1863. Unattached, Maryland Heights Division, Dept. of West Virginia, to December, 1863.)
Service:
Garrison duty in the Defences of Washington at Forts Albany, Runyon, Scott, Richardson, Barnard, Craig and Tillinghast till August 23, 1862. Moved to Cloud's Mills August 23. March to Manassas, Va., August 26-30. Return to Washington and garrison Forts Albany, Craig, Tillinghast, Woodbury and DeKalb, Defences South of the Potomac till May, 1864. (Cos. "H" and "I" detached September 27, 1862, and moved to Harper's Ferry, W. Va. Co. "C" ordered to Harper's Ferry October 27, 1862. Co. "B" ordered to Harper's Ferry, W. Va., December 23, 1862; garrison duty there till July 1, 1863. Co. "I" moved to Winchester June 10, 1863, and participated in the Battle of Winchester June 13-15, and retreat to Harper's Ferry. Defence of Harper's Ferry June 16-July 1. Evacuation of Harper's Ferry and march, to Frederick, Md., July 1-2. Duty with Artillery Reserve, Army of the Potomac, to July 11-22. Moved to Harper's Ferry July 22 and duty there till December 1, when ordered to Washington and rejoin Regiment.) Regiment moved to join Army of the Potomac at Belle Plain, Va., May 15-16, 1864. Harris Farm, Fredericksburg Road, May 19. Spottsylvania Court House May 19-21. North Anna River May 23-26. Line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Before Petersburg June 16-19. Siege of Petersburg June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Jerusalem Plank Road June 22-23, 1864. Deep Bottom July 27-28. Mine Explosion, Petersburg, July 30 (Reserve). Strawberry Plains August 14-18. Peeble's Farm September 29-October 2. Boydton Plank Road, Hatcher's Run, October 27-28. Expedition to Weldon Railroad December 7-12. Dabney's Mills, Hatcher's Run, February 5-7, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Crow's House March 31. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Sailor's Creek April 6. High Bridge, Cumberland Church, April 7. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. March to Burkesville April 11-13 and duty there till May 2. March to Washington May 2-15. Camp at Bailey's Cross Roads till June 15. Grand Review May 23. Duty at Forts Ethan, Allen and Marcy till June 27. At Forts C. F. Smith and Strong till July 19, and at Fort Bunker Hill till August 17. Mustered out August 16, 1865, and discharged at Gallop's Island, Boston Harbor, August 25, 1865.
Regiment lost during service 9 Officers and 232 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 2 Officers and 241 Enlisted men by disease. Total 484.
Predecessor units:
MASSACHUSETTS VOLUNTEERS 14th REGIMENT INFANTRY.("ESSEX COUNTY REGIMENT"):
Organized at Fort Warren and mustered in July 5, 1861. Left State for Washington, D. C., August 7. At Camp Kalorama till August 18. Moved to Fort Albany. Garrison duty in the Defences of Washington till January, 1862. Designation of Regiment changed by order of the War Department to 1st Massachusetts Heavy Artillery January 1, 1862. (See 1st Heavy Artillery.)
Documents/Literature:
- Roe, Alfred S.: The Melvin Monument, Sleepy Hollow Cemetery, Concord (Cambridge 1910); 148 pp; story of 3 brothers who served in First Massachusetts Heavy Artillery; includes Andersonville Diary of Samuel Melvin buried in Andersonville grave.
1st Battalion, Massachusetts Heavy Artillery:
Overview:
Organized April, 1865, from 1st, 2nd and 4th Unattached Companies Heavy Artillery. 5th Unattached Company Heavy Artillery added June, 1863. Organized for Coast Defence. Company "A" on duty at Fort Warren, Boston Harbor, till December 24, 1864. At Champlain, N. Y., till May 13, 1865, and at Fort Warren till October, 1865. Mustered out October 20, 1865.
Company "B" at Fort Warren till August, 1864, and at New Bedford, Mass., till June, 1865. Mustered out June 29, 1865.
Company "C" on duty at Fort Warren till October, 1865. Mustered out October 20, 1865.
Company "D" at Fort Independence to September, 1865. Mustered out September 12, 1865.
Companies "E" and "F" organized August 15, 1864, for one year. On duty at Fort Warren. Mustered out June 28, 1865.
Companies "A," "C" and "D" also furnished detachments for duty at Plymouth, Provincetown, Gloucester, Marblehead, Newburyport, Fairhaven, etc.
1st Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery:
s. Pvt Andrew J. *Bennett
Overview:
Organized at Camp Cameron August 27, 1861. Left State for Washington, D. C., October 3. Attached to Franklin's Division, Army of the Potomac, to March, 1862. Artillery, 1st Division, 1st Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to April, 1862. Artillery, 1st Division, Dept. of the Rappahannock, to April, 1862. Artillery, 1st Division, 6th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to June, 1863. Artillery Brigade, 6th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac and Army of the Shenandoah, to October, 1864.
Service:
Duty in the Defences of Washington, D. C., till March, 1862. Advance on Manassas, Va., March 10-15, 1862. McDowell's advance on Fredericksburg, Va., April 4-12. Ordered to the Peninsula, Va. Siege of Yorktown, Va., April 22-May 4 (on transports). West Point May 7-8. Mechanicsville June 12. Seven days before Richmond June 25-July 1. Mechanicsville June 26. Gaines Mill June 27. Golding's Farm and Fort Davidson June 28. Charles City Cross Roads June 30. Malvern Hill July 1. At Ball's Bluff till August 16. Retreat from the Peninsula and movement to Centreville August 16-27. In works at Centreville August 27-31. Assist in checking Pope's rout at Bull Run August 30, and cover retreat to Fairfax Court House September 1. Maryland Campaign September-October. Crampton's Gap, Md., September 14. Battle of Antietam September 16-17. At Downsvllle, Md., till October 29. Movement to Falmouth, Va., October 29-November 19. Battle of Fredericksburg, Va., December 11-15. Burnside's Second Campaign, "Mud March," January 20-24, 1863. At White Oak Church till April. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Operations at Franklin's Crossing April 29-May 2. Maryes Heights, Fredericksburg, May 3. Salem Heights May 3-4. Franklin's Crossing, Deep Run, June 5-13. Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 2-4. Moved to Boonsboro, Williamsport, Berlin and Warrenton, Va., July 5-25. Camp at Warrenton till September 15; and at Stone House Mountain till October 5. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Rappahannock Station November 7. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Camp at Brandy Station till May, 1864. Campaign from the Rapidan to the James May 3-June 15. Battles of the Wilderness May 5-7. Spottsylvania May 8-12. Spottsylvania C. H. May 12-21. "Bloody Angle" May 12. North Anna River May 23-26. Line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Before Petersburg June 17-July 9. Jerusalem Plank Road June 22-23. Moved to Washington, D. C., July 9-12. Repulse of Early's attack on Washington July 12. Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign August-October. Battle of Opequan, Winchester, September 19. Fisher's Hill September 22. Moved to Boston October 2-12. Mustered out October 19, 1864, expiration of term.
Battery lost during service 6 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 15 Enlisted men by disease. Total 21.
Documents/Literature:
Bennett, A. J.: The Story of the 1st Massachusetts Light Battery Attached to the Sixth Army Corps (Deland and Barta: Boston, 1886)
2nd Regiment, Massachusetts Heavy Artillery:
s. Surgeon James A. *Emmerton (Co. F&S); Pvt. F. *Calkins
Overview:
Organized at Readville and mustered in: Company "A" July 28, 1863; Company "B" July 29, 1863; Company "C" August 4, 1863; Company "D" August 22, 1863, and left State for New Berne, N. C., September 5, 1863. Company "E" October 5, 1863, and Company "F" October 8, 1863. Left State for New Berne, N. C., November 7, 1863. Company "G" December 7, 1863. Company "H" December 7, 1863. Company "I" December 11, 1863. Companies "K" and "L" December 22, 1883, and Company "M," December 24, 1863. Left State for Fortress Monroe, Va., January 8, 1864. Assigned to garrison duty in Department of Virginia and North Carolina. Company "A" at Fort Macon, N. C., to July, 1864; at New Berne to December, 1864; at Plymouth till March, 1865. Company "B" at Newport Barracks to December, 1864, and at New Berne till March, 1865. Company "C" at Morehead City till July, 1864, and at New Berne till March, 1865. Company "D" at Fort Macon till July, 1864; at New Berne till November, 1864, and at Plymouth till March, 1865. Company "E" at Fort Totten to July, 1864; at New Berne till November, 1864, and at Plymouth till March, 1865. Company "F" at Fort Totten till April, 1864; at Fort Levinson till July, 1864, and at New Berne till March, 1865. Company "G" at Plymouth till April, 1864. Siege of Plymouth April 17-20. Captured. At New Berne till April, 1865, and at Fort Macon till June, 1865. Company "H" at Plymouth till April, 1864. Siege of Plymouth April 17-20. Captured. At New Berne till November, 1864, and at Plymouth till March, 1865. Company "I" at Norfolk and Portsmouth, Va., till July, 1864, and at New Berne, N. C., till March, 1865. Companies "K" and "L" at Norfolk and Portsmouth, Va., and other points in Virginia till April, 1865; and at New Berne, N. C., till June, 1865. Company "M" at Norfolk and Portsmouth, Va., to May, 1864, and at New Berne, N. C., to March, 1865. Regimental Headquarters at Norfolk and Portsmouth, Va., to May, 1864, and at New Berne, N. C., to July, 1865. Expedition to Columbia, N. C., February 13-15, 1865 (Cos. "A," "D," "E" and "H" attached to 1st Brigade, 1st Division, District of Beaufort, N. C., Dept. of North Carolina, March, 1865, and ordered to the field March 3. Expedition to Kinston, N. C., March 3-14. Southwest Creek March 7. Battle of Wise's Fork March 8-10. Occupation of Kinston March 14. Provost duty at Kinston till June.) Regiment concentrated at New Berne June, 1865, and assigned to duty at Wilmington and in the Defences of Cape Fear River, including Forts Fisher and Caswell, and duty at Smithville till September. Moved to Boston September 2-16. Mustered out September 23, 1865.
Regiment lost during service 15 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 4 Officers and 363 Enlisted men by disease. Total 382.
Documents/Literature:
- Calkins, F.: Letter: 1863. Soldier in the 2nd Massachusetts Artillery. Letter written to "Dear Friend" from Newbern, North Carolina, September 10, 1863. Calkins exalts the power of Christ, and despairs that his fellow soldiers "care only for things that are low and devilish and seek only to gratify their lusts and passions." Virginia Tech, Univ. Libraries, Special Collections: Civil War guide. Manuscript Sources for Civil War Research in the Special Collections Department of the Virginia Tech Libraries Ms89-045).
2nd Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery:
s. Lt William *Marland
Overview:
Organized at Quincy and mustered in July 31, 1861. Moved to Baltimore, Md., August 8-11. Attached to Dix's Command to February, 1862. New Orleans (La.) Expedition to March, 1862. 2nd Brigade, Dept. of the Gulf, to December, 1862. Artillery, Grover's Division, Dept. of the Gulf, to January, 1863. Artillery, 4th Division, 19th Army Corps, Dept. of the Gulf, to August, 1863. Artillery Reserve, Dept. of the Gulf, to September, 1863. Artillery, Cavalry Division, Dept. Gulf, to August, 1864. Unattached Artillery, Dept. Gulf, to October, 1864. Separate Cavalry Brigade, 19th Army Corps, to December. 1864. Artillery Brigade, Reserve Corps, Dept. Gulf, to February, 1865. Lucas' Cavalry Division, Steele's Command, District of West Florida, to April, 1865. 3rd Brigade, Cavalry Division, Dept. Gulf, to June, 1865. Dept. of Mississippi to August, 1865.
Service:
Duty at Baltimore, Md., till February, 1862. Lockwood's Expedition to Eastern Shore of Maryland November 4-December 15, 1861. Moved to Fortress Monroe, Va., February 25-26, 1862, and camp at Old Point Comfort till April 19. Moved to New Orleans, La., April 19-May 11, thence to Baton Rouge, La., May 31-June 2. Expedition from Baton Rouge June 7-9. Williams' Expedition to Vicksburg, Miss., June 19, and operations against that place till July 24. Action at Ellis Cliff June 22. Hamilton's Plantation, Grand Gulf, June 24. Moved to Baton Rouge July 24-26, and duty there till August 21. Battle of Baton Rouge August 5. Moved to Carrollton August 21-22, thence to New Orleans Race Course August 24, and duty there till September 2. Bayou Des Allemands September 4-5. Duty at New Orleans till December 17. Moved to Baton Rouge December 17-18, and duty there till March, 1863. Operations against Port Hudson March 7-27. Moved to Donaldsonville March 28. Operations in Western Louisiana April 9-May 14. Teche Campaign April 9-20. Fort Bisland, near Centreville, April 12-13. Irish Bend April 14. Bayou Vermillion April 17. Moved to Barre Landing April 22-28. Expedition to Alexandria May 2-7. Boyce's Bridge, near Cotile Bayou, May 14. Movement from Alexandria to Port Hudson May 17-30. Near New Iberia May 18. Expedition toward Berwick City May 21-26. Franklin May 25. Siege of Port Hudson May 30-July 9. Clinton June 3-4. Assault on Port Hudson June 14. Surrender of Port Hudson July 9. Moved to Baton Rouge, thence to Donaldsonville and Carrollton July 11-August 1. Moved to Algiers September 17, thence to Brashear City and Berwick. Western Louisiana ("Teche") Campaign October 3-November 30. Reconnoissance toward Opelousas October 20. Opelousas and Barre Landing October 21. Washington October 24. Carrion Crow Bayou November 3. Bayou Sara November 9. Camp Pratt November 20. At New Iberia till January 8, 1864. Moved to Franklin January 8-11, and duty there till March 13. Red River Campaign March 10-May 22. Advance from Franklin to Alexandria March 14-26. Bayou Rapides March 20. Monett's Ferry and Cloutiersville March 29-30. Natchitoches March 31. Wilson's Farm April 7. Bayou de Paul, Carroll's Mill, April 8. Sabine Cross Roads April 8 (guns captured). Moved to New Orleans April 19-20, thence to Carrollton May 10 and to Apollo Stables, New Orleans, July 8. Moved to Morganza September 2, and duty there till March, 1865. Expedition to Simsport September 16-18, 1864. Expedition to the Atchafalaya September 21. Expedition to Bayou Sara October 3-6. Jackson October 5. Expedition to Morgan's Ferry December 13-14. Moved to Greenville, La., March 3-5, 1865; to New Orleans, thence to Barrancas, Fla., March 7-10. March to Mobile Bay March 18-April 1. Siege of Fort Blakely April 1-9. Storming of Fort Blakely April 9. Expedition to Claiborne, Ala., April 9-17. Daniel's Plantation, near Mt. Pleasant, April 11. Grierson's Raid through Alabama and Georgia April 17-30. Moved to Columbus, Miss., May 17-24, thence to Vicksburg, Miss., May 27-June 4, and duty there till July 22. Moved to Boston, Mass., July 22-August 4. Mustered out August 11, 1865.
Lost during service 4 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 26 Enlisted men by disease. Total 30.
Medal of Honor: Lt William *Marland
3rd Regiment, Massachusetts Heavy Artillery:
Overview:
Organized for one year August, 1864, by consolidation of 3rd, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th and 16th Unattached Companies Heavy Artillery. Attached to 2nd Brigade, Hardin's Division, 22nd Army Corps, Dept. of Washington, and engaged in garrison duty in the Defences of Washington, north of the Potomac, to September, 1865. (For Co. "I," 13th Unattached Company, see 13th Unattached Company.) Mustered out September 18, 1865.
Regiment lost during service 2 Enlisted men killed and 1 Officer and 38 Enlisted men by disease. Total 41.
Predecessor Unit
MASSACHUSETTS VOLUNTEERS 14th UNATTACHED COMPANY INFANTRY MILITIA
Organized May 12, 1864. Sailed from Gallop's Island for Washington, D. C., June 23, 1864, and garrison duty in the Defences of that city till August, 1864. Attached to 3rd Brigade, Hardin's Division, 22nd Army Corps, Dept. of Washington, June to August, 1864. Assigned to 3rd Heavy Artillery August, 1864, as Company "K."
3rd Independent Battery Massachusetts Light Artillery:
s. Captain Augustus P. *Martin
Overview:
Organized at Boston September 5, 1861. Moved to Washington, D. C., September 5-11. Attached to Porter's Division, Army of the Potomac, to March, 1862. Artillery, 1st Division, 3rd Army Corps, Army Potomac, to May, 1862. Artillery, 1st Division, 5th Army Corps, Army Potomac, to June, 1863. Artillery Brigade, 5th Army Corps, to September, 1864.
SERVICE:
At Hall's Hill, Va., Defences of Washington, till March, 1862. Advance on Manassas, Va., March 10-15. Moved to Fortress Monroe March 21-24. Reconnoissance to Big Bethel March 27. Warwick Road April 5. Siege of Yorktown April 5-May 4. Hanover C. H. May 27. Operations about Hanover C. H. May 27-29. Seven days before Richmond June 25-July 1. Battles of Mechanicsville June 26; Gaines' Mill June 27; White Oak Swamp and Turkey Bridge June 30; Malvern Hill July 1. At Ball's Bluff till August 15. Movement to Fortress Monroe, thence to Manassas, Va., August 15-28. Pope's Campaign in Northern Virginia August 28-September 2. Groveton August 29. Bull Run August 30. Maryland Campaign September-October. Battle of Antietam, Md., September 16-17 (Reserve). Shephardstown September 19. At Sharpsburg till October 30. Reconnoissance to Leetown October 16-17. Leetown October 17. Movement to White Plains and Falmouth, Va., October 30-November 19. Battle of Fredericksburg December 11-15. "Mud March" January 20-24, 1863. Duty at Falmouth till April. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Battle of Chancellorsville May 1-5. Gettysburg (Pa.) Campaign June 13-July 24. Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 1-3. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Rappahannock Station November 7. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Camp near Rappahannock Station December 4, 1863, to May 1, 1864. Campaign from the Rapidan to the James May-June. Battles of the Wilderness May 5-7. Spottsylvania May 3-12. Spottsylvania C. H. May 12-21. Spottsylvania Court House May 12. North Anna River May 23-26. Line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Bethesda Church June 1-3. Before Petersburg June 16-19. Siege of Petersburg June 16-September 5. Six Mile House, Weldon Railroad, August 18-21. Left front September 4. Veterans and recruits transferred to 5th Massachusetts Battery August 30. Moved to Boston September 5-9. Mustered out September 16, 1864.
Battery lost during service 9 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 10 Enlisted men by disease. Total 19.
4th Regiment Massachusetts Heavy Artillery_
s. Pvt Aaron G. *Ames (Co B); Pvt. Edward J. *Atkinson (Co. B)
Overview:
Organized November 12, 1864, by consolidation of the 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th and 28th Unattached Companies Heavy Artillery. Organized August, 1864, for one year's service. Consolidated to a Regiment November 12, 1864. Attached to 3rd Brigade, DeRussy's Division, 22nd Army Corps, Dept. of Washington. Garrison duty in the Defences of Washington, south of the Potomac, till June, 1865. Mustered out June 17, 1865.
Lost during service 2 Officers and 23 Enlisted men by disease. Total 25.
4th Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery:
Overview:
Organized at Lowell November 17, 1861. Moved to Boston November 20, thence sailed on Steamer "Constitution" for Ship Island, Miss., arriving December 3. Attached to Ship Island Expedition to March, 1862. 1st Brigade, Dept. of the Gulf, to October, 1862. Independent Command, Dept. of the Gulf, to January, 1863. Artillery, 3rd Division, 19th Army Corps, Dept. of the Gulf, to November, 1863. Artillery, 1st Division, 19th Army Corps, Dept. Gulf, to March, 1864. Defences of New Orleans, La., Dept. of the Gulf, to September, 1864. Unattached Artillery, Gulf, to December, 1864. Unattached Artillery, Reserve Corps, Dept. Gulf, to February, 1865. Artillery, 1st Division, Reserve Corps, Dept. Gulf, February, 1865. Artillery, 1st Division, 13th Army Corps, Dept. Gulf, to July, 1865. Dept. of Texas to November, 1865.
Service:
Garrison duty at Fort Massachusetts, Ship Island, Miss., till April 15, 1862. Operations against Forts St. Phillip and Jackson April 15-28. Occupation of Forts St. Phillip and Jackson April 28. Moved to New Orleans, La., April 30-May 2. Duty at Carrollton till July 10. Expedition to Pass Manchac June 15-20. Manchac Pass June 17. Moved to Baton Rouge July 10-12. Duty there till August 21. Battle of Baton Rouge August 5. Moved to Carrollton August 21, and duty there till October 26. Two Sections moved to Fort Pike October 28, and garrison duty there till January 24, 1863, participating in numerous Expeditions along the coast and up the bayous leading into Lake Pontchartrain. Action at Bayou Bonforica November 26, 1862. Expedition to Bay St. Louis and Pass Christian December 9-10. Moved to New Orleans January 24, 1863. (One Section remained at New Orleans, attached to Weitzel's Reserve Brigade, and participated in the Expedition to Bisland January 12-15, 1863, and action with Steamer "Cotton" January 14.) Battery at New Orleans January 24-March 1, 1863. Moved to Baton Rouge March 1. Operations against Port Hudson March 17-27. Advance on Port Hudson May 21-24. Siege of Port Hudson May 24-July 9. Assaults on Port Hudson May 27 and June 14. Surrender of Port Hudson July 9. Moved to Baton Rouge July 11-12, thence to Donaldsonville July 16. Moved to Port Hudson August 4-5, and duty there till August 22. Moved to Baton Rouge August 22-24. Moved to Brashear City, thence to Berwick September 19-23. Western Louisiana ("Teche") Campaign October 3-November 30. Vermillionville November 11. Bonforica November 26. At New Iberia till January 7, 1864. Moved to Franklin January 7-9, thence to New Orleans January 26-28. Absent on Veteran furlough February 11-March 22. Moved from Boston to New York, thence to New Orleans March 25-April 6. Duty at New Orleans as Infantry till June 30. At Apollo Stables till September 5. Moved to Morganza September 5-6, and duty there till November 10. Atchafalaya River September 16-17. Expedition to Atchafalaya River September 20-23. Moved to Bayou Sara October 3, and Expedition to Clinton October 3-7. Jackson October 5. Moved to White River, Ark., November 10-15, thence to Duvall's Bluff November 16-17, and to Memphis, Tenn., November 23-28. Duty there till January 1 1865. Expedition to Colliersville, Tenn., December 21-31, 1864. Moved to Kennersville, La., January 3-5, 1865; to Dauphin's Island, Ala., February 9-11. Campaign against Mobile and its defences March 17-April 12. Siege of Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely March 26-April 8. Storming of Fort Blakely April 9. Occupation of Mobile April 12, and duty there till July 1. Moved to Galveston, Tex., July 1-5, thence to Houston July 8-9, and duty there till October. Moved to Galveston, thence to New Orleans, Port Royal, S. C., and Boston, Mass., October 5-November 3. Mustered out November 10. 1865.
Battery lost during service 1 Enlisted man killed in action and 50 Enlisted men by disease. Total 51.
5th Regiment, Massachusetts Heavy Artillery:
Overview:
"Compendium of the War of the Rebellion" by Frederick H. Dyer contains no history for this unit.
5th Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery:
s. 2ndLt Nathan *Appleton; L. *Cowles
Overview:
Organized at Lynnfield and Reedville and mustered in December 10, 1861. Moved to Washington, D. C., December 25-27. Attached to Porter's Division, Army of the Potomac, to March, 1862. Artillery, 1st Division, 3rd Army Corps, Army Potomac, to May, 1862. Artillery, 1st Division, 5th Army Corps, Army Potomac, to June, 1863. 1st Volunteer Brigade, Artillery Reserve, Army Potomac, to July, 1863. Artillery Brigade, 5th Army Corps, to June, 1865.
Service:
-At Capital Hill, Defences of Washington, D. C., till February 15, 1862, and at Hall's Hill till March 18. Moved to Alexandria and Fortress Monroe, Va., March 18-24. Warwick Road April 5. Siege of Yorktown April 5-May 4. Hanover C. H. May 27. Operations about Hanover C. H. May 27-29. Seven days before Richmond June 25-July 1. Battles of Mechanicsville June 26; Gaines' Mill June 27; White Oak Swamp and Turkey Bridge June 30; Malvern Hill July 1. At Ball's Bluff till August 16. Movement to Fortress Monroe, thence to Manassas August 15-28. Battle of Bull Run August 30. Duty in the Defences of Washington till October 8, and at Sharpsburg, Md., till October 30. Reconnoissance to Smithfield October 16-17. Kearneysville and Shephardstown October 16-17. Movement to Warrenton and Falmouth, Va., October 30-November 19. Battle of Fredericksburg December 11-15. "Mud March" January 20-24, 1863. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Battle of Chancellorsville May 1-5. Battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 2-4. Kelly's Ford July 31-August 1. Brandy Station August 1-3. At Beverly Ford and Culpeper C. H. till October. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Advance to the Rappahannock November 7-8. Rappahannock Station November 7. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. At Rappahannock Station December 6, 1863, to May 1, 1864. Rapidan Campaign May 3-June 12, 1864. Battles of the Wilderness May 5-7. Laurel Hill May 8. Spottsylvania May 8-12. Spottsylvania C. H. May 12-21. Assault on the Salient May 12. North Anna River May 23-26. Jericho Mills May 23. Line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Bethesda Church June 1-3. Before Petersburg June 16-19. Siege of Petersburg June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Six Mile House, Weldon Railroad, August 18-21, 1864. Non-Veterans mustered out October 3, 1864. Boydton Plank Road, Hatcher's Run, October 27-28. Warren's Raid on Weldon Railroad December 7-12. Dabney's Mills February 5-7, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Assaults on and fall of Petersburg April 2. Moved to City Point April 4, and duty there till May 3. March to Washington, D. C., May 3-13. Grand Review May 23. Moved to Readville, Mass., June 4-6, and there mustered out June 12, 1865.
Battery lost during service 1 Officer and 18 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 11 Enlisted men by disease. Total 30.
Eingesetzt bei Yorktown, Mechanicsville, Malvern Hill, Second Manassas, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spotsylvania, Petersburg and more. This battery suffered the greatest percentage of loss in battle of any light battery in volunteer service.
Documents/Literature:
- Appleton, Nathan, et. al.: History of the Fifth Massachusetts Battery (Boston: Luther Cowle, Publishers, 1902)
- Cowles, L.: History of the Fifth Massachusetts Battery (Butternut and Blue); 1000 pp; Maps; Illustrations; Index; Roster; Brand New Reprint of Scarce 1902 Regimental. Details of action at Yorktown, Mechanicsville, Malvern Hill, Second Manassas, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spotsylvania, Petersburg and more. This battery suffered the greatest percentage of loss in battle of any light battery in volunteer service.
6th Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery:
Overview:
Organized at Camp Chase, Lowell, and mustered in January 20, 1862. Sailed from Boston for Ship Island, Miss., on Steamer "Idaho" February 8, 1862, arriving there March 8. Attached to 2nd Brigade, Dept. of the Gulf, to October, 1862. Reserve Brigade, Dept. of the Gulf, to January, 1863. Artillery, 1st Division, 19th Army Corps, Dept. Gulf, to August, 1863. Reserve Artillery, Dept. of the Gulf, to October, 1863. Artillery, 1st Division, 19th Army Corps, to June, 1864. Reserve Artillery, Dept. of the Gulf, Defences of New Orleans, La., to July, 1865.
Service:
Duty at Ship Island, Miss., till April 15, 1862. Expedition to Biloxi and Pass Christian April 2-5. Biloxi April 3. Pass Christian April 4. Operations against Forts St. Phillip and Jackson April 15-28. Occupation of New Orleans May 1. Expedition to New Orleans & Opelousas Railroad May 9-10. Moved to Baton Rouge May 12. (One Section on duty at Algiers till June.) Reconnoissance to Warrenton May 14-29. Williams' Expedition to Vicksburg, Miss., and operations against that place June 20-July 26. Ellis Cliff June 22. Hamilton Plantation, near Grand Gulf, June 24. Duty at Baton Rouge till August 21. Battle of Baton Rouge August 5. Evacuation of Baton Rouge and movement to Carrollton August 21-22. Duty there till October. Operations in La Fourche District October 24-November 10. Capture of Donaldsonville October 25. Georgia Landing, near Labadieville, October 27. Duty near Thibodeaux till February 22, 1863. Expedition to Bayou Teche January 11-15. Action with Steamer "Cotton" January 14. Moved to Brashear City February 22, thence to Bayou Boeuf and duty there till April 2. Operations in Western Louisiana April 9-May 14. Teche Campaign April 11-20. Fort Bisland, near Centreville, April 12-13. Jeanerette April 14. Pursuit to Opelousas April 14-20. Expedition to Alexandria May 4-17. Moved front Alexandria to Port Hudson May 17-25. Siege of Port Hudson May 25-July 9. Assaults on Port Hudson May 27-June 14. Surrender of Port Hudson July 9. Moved to Donaldsonville July 11 and duty there till July 30. Cox's Plantation July 12-13. Duty at Thibodeaux July 31-September 25. Moved to Algiers September 25, thence to Berwick October 6. Western Louisiana "Teche" Campaign October 11-November 7. Rejoined Division at Carrion Crow Bayou. Duty at New Iberia November 17, 1863, to January 7, 1864. Moved to Franklin January 7 and duty there till March 3. Moved to New Orleans March 3, thence to Boston, Mass., April 13-20. Moved from Boston to New Orleans May 23-June 8. Assigned to duty in the Defences of New Orleans till July, 1865. Moved to Readville, Mass., July 21-August 1, and there mustered out August 7, 1865.
Battery lost during service 6 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 1 Officer and 50 Enlisted men by disease. Total 57.
7th Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery:
Overview:
Organized at Lowell as Richardson's Light Guard; an Independent Infantry Company and mustered in May 21, 1861. Left State for Fortress Monroe, Va., May 22, and garrison duty there as Infantry till December 25, 1861. Detached on Light Artillery duty December 25, 1861, and duty at Fort Monroe till May, 1862. Designated 7th Massachusetts Battery March 17, 1862. Attached to Dept. of Virginia to June, 1862. Newport News, Va., Dept. of Virginia, to July, 1862. Yorktown, Va., Dept. of Virginia, to September, 1862. Artillery Division at Suffolk, 7th Army Corps, Dept. of Virginia, to June, 1863. Artillery, 1st Division, 7th Army Corps, Dept. of Virginia, to July, 1863. Camp Barry, 22nd Army Corps, Dept. of Washington, to January, 1864. Artillery, 2nd Division, 19th Army Corps, Dept. of the Gulf, to November, 1864. Reserve Artillery, Reserve Corps, Military Division West Mississippi, to February, 1865. Artillery, 1st Division, 13th Army Corps, Military Division West Mississippi, to April, 1865. Artillery, 1st Division, U. S. C. T., Military Division West Mississippi, to July, 1865. Dept. of Texas to November, 1865.
Service:
Occupation of Norfolk and Portsmouth, Va., May 10, 1862. Duty at Fort Monroe May 13 to June 19, and at Newport News, Va., till July 25. Moved to Yorktown, Va., and duty there till September 29. Moved to Suffolk September 29-October 2, and duty there till June, 1863. Expedition from Suffolk December 1-3, 1862. Action on the Blackwater, near Franklin, December 2. Action at Deserted House, Va., January 30, 1863, and at Franklin on the Blackwater March 17. Siege of Suffolk April 11-May 4. Actions at Blackwater April 12 and 14. Somerton Road April 15. Providence Church Road May 3. Siege of Suffolk raised May 4. Expedition to Carrsville May 13-17. Holland House May 15-16. At Portsmouth till June. Dix's Peninsula Campaign June 24-July 7. Expedition from White House to South Anna River July 1-7. South Anna Bridge July 4. March to Fort Monroe July 5-14, thence to Portsmouth July 15. Moved to Washington, D. C., July 20-22, and duty at Camp Marshall till August 18. Moved to Alexandria, thence to New York August 18-21. Duty in New York during draft troubles till September 11. Moved to Washington, D. C., September 11, and duty at Camp Barry till January 24, 1864. Moved to Baltimore, Md., thence sailed on Steamer "Arago" to New Orleans January 24-February 5. At Apollo Stables till March 18. Moved to Algiers, thence to Alexandria, La., March 19-31. Red River Campaign April 1-May 22. (1 Section stationed at Pineville April 29 to May 11.) Retreat to Morganza May 13-20. Mansura May 16. At Morganza till July 13. Expedition to Atchafalaya River May 30-June 6. Moved to White River, Ark.; thence to St. Charles July 13-23. Moved to Morganza August 6-13. Expedition to White River and St. Charles September 3-11. Duty there till October 23. Moved to Duvall's Bluff October 23-24 and duty there till January 10, 1865. Moved to Kennersville, La., January 10-15; thence to Dauphin Island, Ala., February 9-11. Campaign against Mobile and its Defences March 17-April 12. Siege of Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely March 26-April 9. Storming of Fort Blakely April 9. Moved from Mobile to Selma, Ala., April 20-27; thence to Montgomery April 27-30. Moved to Mobile May 9-16 and duty there till June 30. Moved to Galveston, Texas, June 30-July 3, thence to Houston July 9, and duty there till October. Moved to Boston, Mass., via Galveston, Texas, New Orleans, Port Royal, S. C., and New York, October 1-November 3. Mustered out November 10, 1865.
Battery lost during service 3 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 1 Officer and 36 Enlisted men by disease. Total 40.
8th Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery:
Overview:
Organized at North Cambridge for six months' service June 24, 1862. Left State for Washington, D. C. arriving June 27. Attached to Cook's Brigade, Sturgis' Reserve Corps, Military District of Washington, to August, 1862. Artillery, 1st Division, 9th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to November, 1862.
Service:
Camp near Fairfax Seminary, Va., July 1 to August 8, 1862. Moved to Alexandria, thence to Aquia Creek and Falmouth August 8-11. Pope's Campaign in Northern Virginia August 16-September 2. Battles of Groveton August 29; Bull Run August 30; Chantilly September 1; South Mountain, Md., September 14. Battle of Antietam September 16-17. At Antietam Creek till October 6. Moved to Washington, D. C., to refit October 5-9; thence to Pleasant Valley, Md., October 21-26. Movement to Falmouth, Va., October 26-November 19. Mustered out November 29, 1862.
Lost 1 Enlisted man killed and 10 Enlisted men by disease. Total 11.
9th Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery (Bigelow's Battery):
s. Captain John *Bigelow; 1st Sergeant Levi Wood *Baker (Co. 9)
Overview:
Organized at Camp Meigs, Readville, and mustered in August 10, 1862. Left State for Washington, D. C., September 3. Attached to Abercrombie's Division, Military District of Washington, D. C., to February, 1863. 2nd Brigade, Abercrombie's Division, 22nd Army Corps, Dept. of Washington, to May, 1863. Barry's Command, 22nd Army Corps, to July, 1863. 1st Volunteer Brigade, Artillery Reserve, Army of the Potomac, to December, 1863. 2nd Volunteer Brigade, Artillery Reserve, to April, 1864. 3rd Volunteer Brigade, Artillery Reserve, to May, 1864. Artillery Brigade, 5th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to June, 1865.
Service:
Duty in the Defences of Washington, D. C., September, 1862, to June, 1863. At Camp Seymour, Capital Hill, September 7-22, 1862; at Camp Chase till October 27; at Camp Barry till November 19; at Forts Ramsey and Buffalo, Upton's Hill, Va., till April 17, 1863. Moved to Centreville, Va., April 17; thence to Fairfax C. H. and Edward's Ferry June 25. To Frederick City, Md., June 27; to Middleburg June 29; to Tanneytown June 30, and to Gettysburg, Pa., July 1. Battle of Gettysburg July 2-4. Supported 3rd Corps in battle of July 2, and was the last of five Batteries to withdraw, firing by prolonge when the Corps was obliged to fall back. After retiring 400 yards it was ordered to make a stand close to the Throstle house and hold that point at all hazards, until a line of Artillery could be formed. It was immediately charged by Col. Humphrey's 21st Mississippi Regiment, which entered the Battery and were fought hand to hand by the Cannoneers until they had suffered a loss of 28 men killed and wounded and 65 horses, when it was ordered to fall back, having sacrificed itself for the safety of the line. At Warrenton August 1-September 16, and at Culpeper C. H. till October 11. Bristoe Campaign October 11-22. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7-8. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. At Brandy Station December 13, 1863, to May 4, 1864. Rapidan Campaign May-June. Battles of the Wilderness May 5-7. Laurel Hill May 8. Spottsylvania May 8-12. Spottsylvania C. H. May 12-21. North Anna River May 23-26. Line of the Pamunkey River May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Bethesda Church June 1-3. Before Petersburg June 16-18. Siege of Petersburg June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Built and occupied Fort Davis June 24 to August 14, 1864. Weldon Railroad August 18-21. Garrison Fort Duschene and Fort Howard till October 27. Boydton Plank Road, Hatcher's Run, October 27-28. Warren's Raid on Weldon Railroad December 7-12. Garrison Fort Rice till February 5, 1865. Dabney's Mills, Hatcher's Run, February 5-7. Fort Stedman March 25. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Assault on and fall of Petersburg April 2. Duty at City Point till May 3. Moved to Washington, D. C., May 3-13. Grand Review May 23. Mustered out at Gallop's Island, Boston Harbor, June 6, 1865.
Battery lost during service 2 Officers and 13 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 4 Enlisted men by disease. Total 19.
Photos:
- Bigelow's Battery: Dead Horses at the Trostle Farm, Gettysburg Juli 1863 ( Thomas, Dean S.: Cannons, a.a.O., S. 4)
Documents/Literature:
- Baker, Levi Wood: History of the Ninth Massachusetts Battery (Bigelow's Battery) (Lakeview Press, Farmingham 1888)
- Bigelow, John (9th Mass Artillery): The Campaign of Chancellorsville (New Haven 1910; Morningside, Dayton, reprint). Nevins says "A masterful study-one of the very finest written on an American campaign; thoroughly documented and notably impartial." Freeman says "A model in the comprehensive treatment of a battle."
- Bigelow, John (9th Mass Artillery): The Peach Orchard, Gettysburg, 2. Juli 1863 (Butternut and Blue; Reprint of 1910 Original
10th Regiment, Massachusetts Heavy Artillery:
Overview:
"Compendium of the War of the Rebellion" by Frederick H. Dyer contains no history for this unit
10th Independent Battery Massachusetts Light Artillery:
s. Pvt John D. *Billings
Overview:
Organized at Lynnfield and mustered in September 9, 1862. Left State for Washington, D. C., October 14. Attached to Grover's Brigade, Military District of Washington, to February, 1863. Jewett's Brigade, 22nd Army Corps, Dept. of Washington, to June, 1863. French's Command, 8th Army Corps, to July, 1863. Artillery Brigade, 3rd Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to March, 1864. Artillery Brigade, 2nd Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to June, 1865.
Service:
Duty at Camp Barry, Defences of Washington, October 17 to December 26, 1862. Moved to Poolesville, Md., December 26-28, and duty there till June 24, 1863. Removed to Maryland Heights June 24, thence to Frederick City and Frederick Junction June 30-July 1. March to Williamsport July 8-11. Near Antietam Bridge July 12-14. Operations in Loudoun Valley July 17-31. Wapping Heights July 23. Near Warrenton July 26-31. At Sulphur Springs July 31-September 15. Near Culpeper September 17-October 10. Bristoe Campaign October 10-22. Auburn October 13. Near Fairfax Station October 15-19. At Auburn October 21-30. At Warrenton Junction till November 6. Kelly's Ford November 7. At Brandy Station November 9-25. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Mine Run November 27. At Brandy Station December 3, 1863, to April 8, 1864, and at Stevensburg till May 3. Rapidan Campaign May-June. Battles of the Wilderness May 5-7. Spottsylvania May 8-12. Spottsylvania Court House May 12-21. Assault on the Salient, Spottsylvania C. H., May 12. Harris Farm, Fredericksburg Road, May 19. North Anna River May 23-26. Line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Before Petersburg June 16-18. Siege of Petersburg June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Jerusalem Plank Road June 22-23, 1864. Demonstration north of James River July 27-29. Deep Bottom July 27-28. Strawberry Plains, Deep Bottom August 14-18. Ream's Station August 25. In trenches before Petersburg in Battery 14 September 24 to October 24. Boydton Plank Road, Hatcher's Run, October 27-28. In Forts Stevenson, Blaisdell and Welch till November 29. Movement to Hatcher's Run December 9-10. In Forts Emery and Siebert till February 5. 1865. Dabney's Mills, Hatcher's Run, February 5-7. Watkins' House March 25. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Moved to Dabney's Mill's March 30. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 8-9. Sailor's Creek April 6. Cover crossing of 2nd Corps at High Bridge, Cumberland Church, April 7. Appomattox C. H. April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. March to Burkesville April 11-14. March to Washington, D. C., May 2-13. Grand Review May 23. Mustered out June 9 and discharged from service June 14, 1865.
Battery lost during service 2 Officers and 6 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 16 Enlisted men by disease. Total 24.
Documents/Literature:
- Billings, John D. (10th Mass Artillery): Hard Tack And Coffee (Boston 1888); A SCARCE title that provides incredibly accurate insight into the camplife of the Civil War soldier. Nevins says "The best source for the army life and feelings of a Federal soldier; this delightfully written and humerously illustrated work has rightfully become a classic."
- Billings, John D.: The History of the 10th Massachusetts Battery of Light Artillery in the War of the Rebellion, 1862-1865 (Butternut and Blue); Reprint of 1881 title; 496 pp; Maps; 26 Portraits; Roster; Index. Based on the authors diary and letter collection. Nevins says of this "Among the top dozen unit histories pertaining to the Civil War."
11th Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery:
Overview:
Organized at Readville and mustered in for three years January 2, 1864. Left State for Washington, D. C., February 5. Attached to Defences of Washington, 22nd Army Corps, to April, 1864. Artillery, 2nd Division, 9th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to July, 1864. Temporarily attached to Artillery Brigade, 2nd Army Corps, May, 1864. Artillery Brigade, 9th Army Corps, to June, 1865. Temporarily attached to Artillery Brigade, 5th Army Corps, August, 1864.
Service:
Duty in the Defences of Washington, D. C., till April 9, 1864. Rapidan Campaign May-June, 1864. Battles of the Wilderness May 5-7. Spottsylvania May 8-12. Spottsylvania C. H. May 12-21. Assault on the Salient, Spottsylvania C. H., May 12. Stannard's Mills May 21. North Anna River May 23-26. Line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Bethesda Church June 1-3. Before Petersburg June 16-18. Siege of Petersburg June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Mine Explosion, Petersburg, July 30, 1864. Weldon Railroad August 18-21. Poplar Springs Church, Peeble's Farm, September 29-October 2. Dabney's Mills, Hatcher's Run, February 5-7, 1865. Fort Stedman March 25. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Assault on and fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee to Appomattox C. H. April 3-9. Moved to Washington, D. C., April 20-27. Grand Review May 23. Mustered out June 16, 1865.
Battery lost during service 3 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 12 enlisted men by disease. Total 15.
11th Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery (9 months, 1862-63):
Overview:
Organized at Boston and mustered in at Readville for nine months' service August 25, 1862. Left State for Washington, D. C., November 3. Attached to Casey's Provisional Division, Military District of Washington, to February, 1863. Casey's Division, 22nd Army Corps, Dept. of Washington, to April, 1863. Abercrombie's Division, 22nd Corps, to May, 1863.
Service:
Duty at Camp Barry, Defences of Washington, D. C., till November 19, 1862. At Hall's Hill, Va., till November 27. Moved to Fairfax Station, Va., November 27-28; thence to Union Mill, and duty along Potomac from Wolf Run Shoals to Centreville till February, 1863. In forts on Centreville Heights till April. Ordered to Upton's Hill April 18. Duty at Forts Ramsey and Buffalo till May 23. Moved to Boston May 25-28, and there mustered out May 29, 1863.
12th Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery:
Overview:
Organized at Readville October 3 to December 29, 1862. Sailed from Boston for New Orleans, La., on ship "E. W. Farley," January 3, 1863, arriving February 3. Attached to 1st Division, 19th Army Corps, Dept. of the Gulf, to July, 1863. Artillery Reserve, 19th Army Corps, to October, 1863. Garrison Port Hudson, La., Dept. of the Gulf, to December, 1863. Artillery, 1st Division, Corps de Afrique, Dept. of the Gulf, to March, 1864. Garrison Artillery, Port Hudson, La., to July, 1865.
Service:
Duty at Apollo Stables, , La., till February 24, 1863. Moved to Baton Rouge, La., and duty there till March 28. Moved to New Orleans March 28, and duty at Metaire Race Course till April 17. Moved to Brashear City April 17, and engaged in the defence of transports moving up with troops and supplies, till May 23. Moved to New Orleans May 23, and duty in the defence of that city till October 15. Moved to Port Hudson, La., October 15, and garrison duty there till June, 1865. Action at Tunica November 11, 1863. Foraging Expedition up the river December 31, 1863-January 4, 1864. Action near Port Hudson May 6. Expedition to Clinton August 24-28. Action near Clinton August 24. Mustered out July 25. 1865.
Battery lost during service 25 Enlisted men by disease.
13th Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery:
Overview:
Organized at Readville and mustered in December 13, 1862. Left State for Dept. of the Gulf January 20, 1863. Attached to Defences of New Orleans, La., to June, 1863. Artillery, 4th Division, 19th Army Corps, Dept. of the Gulf, to August, 1863. Defences of New Orleans to March, 1864. Artillery, 1st Division, 19th Army Corps, to June, 1864. Defences of New Orleans to July, 1865.
Service:
Duty at Apollo Stables, New Orleans, till June 5, 1863. Moved to Port Hudson, La., June 5. Siege of Port Hudson June 6 to July 9. Assault on Port Hudson June 14. Surrender of Port Hudson July 9. Duty at Port Hudson till August 31. Ordered to New Orleans and duty there till September 17. Battery attached to 2nd Massachusetts Battery September 18, 1863, to February 17, 1864. To 6th Massachusetts Battery till March 6, 1864, and to Battery "L," 1st United States Artillery, to June 28, 1864. Duty in the Defences of New Orleans June 30, 1864, to July, 1865. Mustered out July 28, 1865.
Battery lost during service 26 Enlisted men by disease.
14th Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery:
Overview:
Organized at Readville and mustered in February 27, 1864. Left State for Annapolis, Md., April 4, 1864; thence ordered to Camp Marshall, Washington, D. C. Ordered to join 9th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, in the field, and moved to Rappahannock Station, Va., April 26-30. Attached to Artillery, 1st Division, 9th Army Corps, to July, 1864. Artillery Brigade, 9th Army Corps, to August, 1864. Artillery Reserve, Army of the Potomac, to June, 1865. Duty with 2nd Army Corps October, 1864; with Artillery Brigade, 6th Army Corps, January to March, 1865; with Artillery Brigade, 9th Army Corps, to June, 1865.
Service:
Rapidan Campaign May-June, 1864. Battles of the Wilderness, Va., May 5-7. Spottsylvania May 8-12. Spottsylvania C. H. May 12-21. Assault on the Salient, Spottsylvania C. H., May 12. North Anna River May 23-26. Line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Bethesda Church June 1-3. Before Petersburg June 16-18. Siege of Petersburg June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Actions on the Petersburg line June 21, 22, 23, 24, July 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17. Mine Explosion July 30. Weldon Railroad August 18-21. Action on Petersburg line October 11. Duty at Fort Merriam, Defences of City Point, Va., October 25, 1864, to January 15, 1865. Ordered to Petersburg front January 15. Assault on and capture of Petersburg April 2. At City Point April 4 to May 3. March to Fairfax C. H. May 3-13, and duty there till June 4. Moved to Readville, Mass., June 4-6. Mustered out June 16, 1865.
Battery lost during service 1 Officer and 9 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 9 Enlisted men by disease. Total 19.
15th Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery:
Overview:
Organized at Lowell and Fort Warren and mustered in February 17, 1863. Sailed from Boston on steamer "Zouave" for New Orleans, La., March 9, arriving there April 9. Attached to Defences of New Orleans, Dept. of the Gulf, to July, 1864. Reserve Artillery, Dept. of the Gulf, to February, 1865. Artillery, 2nd Division, 13th Army Corps, Military Division West Mississippi, to August, 1865.
Service:
Duty at Apollo Stables, New Orleans, till May 20, 1863. Moved to Brashear City May 20, thence to New Orleans May 29. Assigned to duty as garrison at forts at Bayou St. John and at Gentilly June 3 to December 29. Moved to Lakeport December 29-31. Expedition to Madisonville on steamer "Kate Dale," serving as a gunboat January 3-15, 1864. Moved to New Orleans January 20, and duty there till October 17, 1864. At Wood's Yard till March 5, and at Terrell's Press till October 17. Moved to White River, Ark., October 17; thence to Devall's Bluff November 7, and to Memphis, Tenn., November 27-December 2. Duty there till January 1, 1865. Moved to Kennersville, La., January 1-5: thence to Greenville February 13, and to Pensacola, Fla. March to Fort Blakely, Ala., March 20-April 1. Occupation of Canoe Station March 27. Siege of Fort Blakely April 2-9. Storming of Fort Blakely April 9. Moved to Selma, Ala., April 20, and duty there till May 11. Moved to Mobile and duty there till June 30. At Fort Gaines till July 20. Moved to Readville, Mass., July 20-August 1. Mustered out August 4, 1865.
Battery lost during service 1 Enlisted man killed and 27 Enlisted men by disease. Total 28.
16th Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery:
Overview:
Organized at Camp Meigs, Readville, and mustered in April 4, 1864. Left State for Washington, D. C., April 17. Attached to Camp Barry, 22nd Army Corps, Dept. of Washington, to June, 1864. 2nd Brigade, DeRussy's Division, 22nd Army Corps, to July, 1864. Camp Barry, 2nd Corps, to November, 1864. 1st Separate Brigade, 22nd Army Corps, to July, 1865.
Service:
Duty at Camp Barry, Washington, D. C., till May 14, 1864. At Fort Thayer till May 22. At Fort Lyon till July 10. At Fort Kearney during Early's attack on Washington, July 11-12. At Camp Barry till September 5. Ordered to Albany, N. Y., September 5, and duty at Troy Road Barracks till November 16. Moved to Washington November 16, thence to Fairfax C. H., Va., December 6. Duty at Fairfax C. H., and Station, and at Vienna till June 17, 1865. Ordered to Massachusetts and mustered out July 13, 1865.
Lost by disease 6.
20th Unattached Company, Massachusetts Heavy Artillery:
Overview:
"Compendium of the War of the Rebellion" by Frederick H. Dyer contains no history for this unit.
21st Regiment, Massachusetts Heavy Artillery:
Overview:
"Compendium of the War of the Rebellion" by Frederick H. Dyer contains no history for this unit.
29th Company Unattached, Massachusetts Heavy Artillery:
Overview:
Organized September 20, 1864. Ordered to Washington October 29, 1864, and garrison duty in the Defences of Washington, D.C., till June, 1865. Attached to 1st Brigade, DeRussy's Division, 22nd Army Corps. Mustered out June 16, 1865.
30th Company Unattached, Massachusetts Heavy Artillery:
Overview:
Organized September 1, 1864. Ordered to Washington, D.C., September 26, 1864, and garrison duty in the Defences of that city till June, 1865. Attached to 1st Brigade, DeRussy's Division, 22nd Army Corps. Mustered out June 16, 1865.
Bigelow's Battery:
s. 9th Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery
Cook's Company, Massachusetts Light Artillery:
Overview:
Left State with 5th Massachusetts Volunteer Militia April 21, 1861, for Fortress Monroe, Va., arriving April 23; thence moved to Annapolis, Md., April 23-24. Quartered in Naval School Building till May 4. At Relay House May 6 to June 13. Mustered into United States service May 18, 1861, for three months. Duty at Camp Clare, near Baltimore, Md., and in Monument Square till August 2. Mustered out August 2, 1861.
e. Sharpshooters:
1st Company, Massachusetts Sharpshooters:
Overview:
Organized at Lynnfield and mustered in September 2, 1861. Left State for Washington, D. C., September 2. Attached to 15th Massachusetts Infantry to July, 1864, and to 19th Massachusetts Infantry to September, 1864. (See these Regiments.) Mustered out September 6, 1864.
Company lost during service 3 Officers and 21 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 15 Enlisted men by disease. Total 39.
2nd Company, Massachusetts Sharpshooters:
Overview:
Organized at Lynnfield September 3, 1861. Left State for Washington, D. C. Attached to 22nd Massachusetts Infantry. (See this Regiment.) Mustered out October 17, 1864.
Company lost during service 11 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 12 Enlisted men by disease. Total 23.
Documents/Literature:
- Parker, John L.: Henry Wilson’s Regiment (22nd Mass), the 2nd Company Sharpshooters and the 3rd Light Battery (Butternut and
Blue); 700 pp; Illustrated; New Introduction; Roster; Index. Originally published in 1887, the 22nd Mass was raised through the efforts of Senator Henry Wilson. It met its first trial by fire at Yorktown. Later the regiment suffered tremendous casualties at Gaines' Mill. This regiment, part of the 5th Corps, was engaged at Malvern Hill, Shepherdstown, Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville. At Gettysburg, the 22nd Mass and the 2nd Company Mass Sharpshooters, were engaged in the wheatfield, near the Rose woods. In 1864 the regiment served at Spotsylvania and the Wilderness, losing a large portion of its rank and file. Due to its heavy losses throughout the war, this regiment earned the distinction of being one of Fox's "Fighting 300" Union regiments. Includes information on 2nd Company Mass Sharpshooters