Version 1.9.2019

 

Litera B

(Ba-Bi)

 

 

Babcock, John C.:

US-Pvt; Sturges' Rifles, Independent Company, Illinois Infantry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 3).

 

US-Pvt und Cartographer (Fishel: Secret War, a.a.P., S. 153).

 

At first Babcock mustered in 1861 as Pvt, Sturges' Rifles, Independent Company, Illinois Infantry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 3; wikipedia, keyword 'John C. Babcock', accessed 27.12.2018). Soon he was offered a civilian position to be a principal scout for the Army of the Potomac

 

Im Zivilberuf Architekt in Chicago; im März 1862 hatte sich Babcock als Pvt angeschlossen und erhielt die Aufgabe, nach Angaben von Kriegsgefangenen feindliche Befestigungen zu zeichnen. Nach dem Battle of Williamsburg (4./5.5.1862 während der Peninsula Campaign) erhielt Babcock die Aufgabe als Cartographer in McClellan's Headquarters im Rahmen von Pinkerton's Aufklärungsorga­nisation (Fishel: Secret War, a.a.P., S. 153). In his new job as cartographer Babcock did his own scouting of the ground to be mapped; das machte ihn von Informationen aus zweiter hand unabhängig; dadurch begründete Babcock einen neuen Standard für das 'Map Making' (Fishel: Secret War, a.a.P., S. 153).

 

Babcock's method evidently was to map small areas in the army's front one at a time and consolidate the series on a map covering the whole front or a sizable section of it (Fishel: Secret War, a.a.P., S. 153).

 

When McClellan was relieved in Nov. '62, Pinkerton left also, although he continued to investigate claims; ins Zivilleben zurückge­kehrt, betrieb Pinkerton seine Detektei weiter (Boatner: Dictionary, p. 654).

 

In April 1863 during the Chancellorsville Campaign John Babcock of the Bureau of Military Information made a report of the ma­keup and strength of the Rebel forces (Sears: Chancellorsville, p. 130). Babcock correctly identified Lee's 6 divisions and 26 of 28 infantry bri­gades. He listed 116 regiments of infantry, of an actual total of 130 (Sears: Chancellorsville, p. 130). Of Babcock's list of 116 Confederate infan­try regiments, 103 were correctly identified, 7 were misidentified, and 6 were identified but mislocated (Sears: Chancellorsville, p528n29).

 

Babcock was later an intelligence staff member of the Bureau of Military Information (Ryan: Spies, p. 5). Babcock was a Chicago architect when war came in 1861. He enlisted in the Sturgis Rifles that served as McClellan's bodyguard. Pinkerton had recruited Babcock as a mapmaker and an interrogator of prisoners and deserters, skills that had proved valuable in future assignments (Ryan: Spies, p. 7). After Lincoln relieved McClellan of command, the Sturgis Rifles, which had been serving as McClellan's personal guard, were orde­red by McClellan to be mustered out of the army (Ryan: Spies, p. 7n17) and Babcock received orders to return to his former company. When the company was mustered out, Babcock returned to civilian status. When Gen. Burnside took command of the Army of the Potomac in late 1862, he hired the 26-years-old Babcock as his intelligence chief but neglected to give him enough authority to carry out his mission (Ryan: Spies, p. 7n17).

 

Given Babcock's background, Gen Sharpe ("Bureau of Information" der Army of the Potomac) assigned him as an interrogator, ana­lyst, and the primary report writer. The quality of his reports reflected his ability to evaluate information from a variety of sources and to translate it into useful intelligence, Babcock demonstrated these skills during the Chancellorsville campaign by estimating the size of Lee's forces within a small margin of error (Ryan: Spies, p. 7-8).

 

Photo:

- Ryan: Spies, p. 8 (Miller's Photographic History)

 

Documents/Literature:

- Babcock, John C.: Papers, 1855-1913; Library of Congress, ca. 60 items. Letters from Babcock to relatives in Illinois, 1861-64, concern his work as a confidential agent in the provost marshal's office in Washington, D.C., the incarceration of female prisoners at "Prison Greenhough" in Washington, reaction to the Trent affair, secessionist sentiment in Alexandria, Va., the gathering of intelli­gence and mapmaking in the service of E. J. Allen during the Peninsular and Antietam campaigns, and Babcock's personal ideas on blacks and slavery. Letters from Gens. George G. Meade, Andrew A. Humphreys, and Winfield S. Hancock concern intelligence ga­thered from prisoners and deserters and mapping of enemy positions during the Petersburg Campaign. Also includes a record of Bab­cock's service in the Sturges Rifles (McClellan's bodyguard) and as a confidential agent for Gens. Daniel Butterfield, George G. Mea­de, and Ulysses S. Grant, and an outline of the organization of the Army of Northern Virginia.

 

 

Babcock, Orville E.:

US-BrigGen, West Point 1861 (3/45), Engineers; bis August 1861 Aide de Camps von Banks bei der Errichtung der Verteidigung Wa­shingtons; seit 1864 Grant's ADC im Rang eines LtCol (Porter: Campaining with Grant, p. 32; Boatner, p. 36)

 

 

Babcock, William A.:

+++klären+++

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Babcock, William A.: “The 114th Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers.” Philadelphia Times, 24 April 1886

 

 

Baber, Dangerfield Lewis:

CS-1stLt; Co. K, 30th Regiment Virginia Infantry (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 3).
 

18.11.1841 Edgeville, King George County/VA - † gef. 17.9.1862 Antietam) (www.findagrave.com, Abruf vom 21.7.2016); S. v. Thomas Bomberry Berry Baber (1795-1871) und Catherine Daingerfield Lewis Coleman-Baber (1812-1866); Bruder von Sergeant Henry Baber (30th Regiment Virginia Infantry; † gef. 17.9.1862 Antietam) und Emma Lavinia Baber Garnett (1825-1906); Schwager von Col Thomas Stuart *Garnett (Col 48th Regiment Virginia Infantry; † 4.5.1863 nach tödlicher Verwundung im Battle of Chancel­lorsville am 3.5.1863) (www.findagrave.com, Abruf vom 21.7.2016).

 

 

Bache, F. M.:

US-Captain; ein Verwandter von Gen George *Meade

 

Photo:

- Davis / Wiley: Photographic History of the Civil War, vol II, p. 95

 

 

Bachelder, John B.:

John Bachelder (1825-1894) was a New Hampshire-born painter, photographer and historian.  Within days of the battle he traveled to Gettysburg, where he spent months traversing the field, making sketches, and interviewing participants and witnesses.  Intellectually engaged by the challenge and committed to honoring the sacrifices of its participants, he went on to spend 30 years researching the battle down to its most minute details.

 

Dem verstorbenen Edwin B. Coddington kommt das Verdienst zu, die Bachelder Papers zu öffnen und ihre aufregenden Kommentare zu den führenden Teilnehmern der Schlacht der interessierten Öffentlichkeit zugänglich gemacht zu haben (Martin: Gettysburg, July 1, p. 10).

 

The John B. Bachelder Papers are at the New Hampshire Historical Society. They include scores of letters written by participants in the battle of Gettysburg to Bachelder when he was making his various maps of the Battlefield and when he was the historian for the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association (Pfanz: Gettysburg Culp's Hill & Cemetery Hill, p. 471).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bachelder, John G.: Positions of Troops, Second Days Battle (Gettysburg) (New York: Office of the Chief of Engineers, U.S. Army, 1876)

- **Bachelder, John: John Bachelder's History of the Battle of Gettysburg (Morningside, Dayton); 842 pp, 34 Folding Maps

- **Bachelder, John: Bachelder Papers, New Hampshire Historical Society, Concord, New Hampshire

- Bachelder, John: Correspondence. New Hampshire Historical Society, Concord.

- **Bachelder, John B., "Descriptive Key to the Painting of the Repulse of Longstreet's Assault", Battle of Gettysburg, An Historical Account; in: Gettysburg National Military Park Library, Box B – 32 (PDF-Datei, Archiv Ref ameridownload 'Bachelder [Story of Battle of Gettysburg + Repulse of Longstreet's Assault])

- **Bachelder, John B.; Sketchbook and Loose drawings. Views of Gettysburg Battlefield; in: Gettysburg National Military Park Li­brary, Box FB - 2 Loose Volumes

- **Bachelder, John B.: „The Third Days Battle.“ Philadelphia Weekly Times, December 15, 1877

- Bachelder, John B.: „The Regulars. For a Monument to the 6th U.S. Cavalry at Fairfield,“ National Tribune, 19.3.1891

- Ladd, David I. and Audrey J. (eds.): The Bachelder Papers, 3 vols. Dayton/OH: Morningside, 1994

- Ladd, David I. and Audrey J. (eds.): John Bachelder's History of the Battle of Gettysburg; Dayton/OH: Morningside, 1997

- **Sauers, Richard Allen: John B. Bachelder: Government Historian at the Battle of Gettysburg; in: Gettysburg Magazine, Issue Num­ber 2

 

 

Bachman, Aaron E.:

US-Pvt; Co. L, 1st Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry (15th Reserves) (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 4);

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bachman, Aaron E.: Typescript Memoir, Harrisburg Civil War Round Table Collection, U.S. Army Military History Institute, Carlisle Barracks/PA

 

 

Bachman, Edwin I.:

US-Lt; Stabsmitglied in Coburn's Brigade (Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, p. 60, 63).

 

 

Bachman, William K.:

CS-Captain, Bachman's Company, South Carolina Artillery (German Light Artillery) (National Park Soldiers M381 Roll 12); die Ein­heit wurde von Captain Bachman 1861 aufgestellt.

 

Am 10.9.1861 fand eine Versammlung in Charleston/SC, die meisten waren deutschstämmig, in der Institute Hall statt. Hierbei hob Bachman ein von den deutschen Frauen gefertigtes Banner und begrüßte die Versammelten mit einer Ansprache (Charleston Mercu­ry, Ausgabe 11.9.1861; Ural, Susan­nah J. /(ed.): Civil War Citizens: Race, Ethnicity, and Identity in America's Bloodiest Contest [New York University Press, N.Y., 2010], S. 1).

 

Bachman's Palmetto (South Carolina) Light Artillery, a veteran command of German immigrants of Charleston had been in service since the fall of 1861. On 3.7.1863 the unit fought in Gettysburg, South Cavalry Field (Wittenberg: Gettysburg's Forgotten Cavalry Action, p. 30).

 

 

Bachmeier, Friedrich (Frederick):

US-Pvt; Co. E, 68td Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 4).

 

Age, 23 years. Enlisted, August 8, 1861, at New York city, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Co. E, August 10, 1861; deser­ted in August, 1861 (Annual Report of the Adjutant-General of the State of New York Roster 68th New York Infantry).

 

 

Backhoff, John:

US-Pvt; Co. G, 2nd Regiment Minnesota Infantry (National Park Soldiers M546 Roll 1).

 

 

Backhoff, John:

US-Pvt; Co. K, 6th Regiment Minnesota Infantry (National Park Soldiers M546 Roll 1).

 

 

Backhoff, John:

US-Pvt, 5th Kentucky Infantry Regiment, Co C

 

 

Backhoff, Joseph:

US-Pvt, 41st New York Infantry Regiment, Co G

 

 

Backoff, Frank:

US-Maj; beteiligt an der Militärrevolution in Rastatt. Badischer 1848er. Kämpfte mit Auszeichnung in der deutschen Revolution (Kaufmann: Deutsche im amerikanischen Bürgerkrieg, p. 480).

 

Backoff wanderte 1851 mit der „Baltimore“ von Le Havre nach New York aus, wo er am 23.5.1851 ankam (http://www. nausa.un­i-oldenburg.de/1848/backh.htm).

 

Backoff kommandierte im Juni 1861 während Lyon's Vorstoß nach Südwest-Missouri zwei Artillery-Batteries (Backoff's Battery) mit insgesamt 8 Geschützen (Brooksher: Bloody Hill, p. 108; Sigel's Report: OR 3, 17). Battle of Carthage am 5.7.1861 (Brooksher: Bloody Hill, p. 122).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Brooksher: Bloody Hill, p. 108, 122; Backoff's Battery: S. 108, 122, 176, 182, 190-91, 201

 

 

Backoff, John:

US-Pvt., 3rd Kentucky Infantry Regiment, Co. C

 

 

Bacon, Alvin Q.:

US-Pvt; Co. I, 14th Regiment Illinois Infantry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 3).

 

 

Bacon, Cyrus:

US-Assistant Surgeon; Co. F&S, 7th Regiment Michigan Infantry (National Park Soldiers M545 Roll 2).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bacon, Cyrus, Jr.: A Michigan Surgeon at Chancellorsville One Hundred Years Ago.“ Eds. Frank Whitehouse, Jr. and Walter W. Whitehouse (The University of Michigan Medical Bulletin, 29.6. (Nov._Dec. 1963), pp. 315-31

 

 

Bacon, William Kirkland:

US-Adjutant; Co. Co. F&S, 26th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 4); mustered in as Pvt, Co. A , 14th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 4).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bacon, William J.: Memorial to William Kirkland Bacon (Utica, NY: Roberts, Printer, 1863)

 

 

Bacot, Ada White:

CS-Nurse

 

Ada White Bacot was born on 31 December 1832, the first of six children of Peter Samuel Bacot and Anna Jane White Bacot, who owned real estate and personal property worth $117,120. The family plantation, Roseville, had come to Anna Jane through an aunt and uncle. Ada, who was well educated for a Southern woman, owned property worth $30,725 and a 700-acre plantation, Arnmore, a legacy from her husband Thomas Wainwright Bacot (a second cousin whom she had married in 1851, but who was killed in 1856). Two daughters each died at the age of two, leaving Ada a childless widow at age twenty-four. She moved back to her father’s planta­tion, but decided to volunteer as a nurse at the outbreak of war, because of both her fierce patriotism for her native state and a desire to break away from Southern patriarchy, which she found stifling. She left for Charlottesville in late 1861, as agreed with the head of the South Carolina Hospital Aid Association, then active in Virginia. On 20 January 1962 she was appointed head dietitian and head of laundry services, first at Monticello Hospital and later at nearby Midway Hospital (www. project muse, keyword 'Ada White Bacot', accessed 14.3.2019).

 

Ada’s diaries describe both her work as a nurse and her friendships among the other nurses and the physicians. She met Thomas Clar­ke, a first lieutenant in Hampton’s Legion, and married him on 10 November 1863 in South Carolina; Thomas was killed in action two months later. Their son, Thomas Alfred Chives Clarke, was born on 1 September 1864. After the war, Ada signed an oath of alle­giance to the United States in order to protect her substantial property—besides Arnmore, she had inherited one-fifth of her father’s estate (the other shares going to her sister and three brothers). In 1876, she married Thomas’s brother James; they had four children and were married for twenty-seven years until his death in 1894. Ada died on 11 April 1911 at the age of seventy-eight (www. project muse, keyword 'Ada White Bacot', accessed 14.3.2019).

 

Editor Jean Berlin’s additions to the book—introduction, footnotes, and epilogue—provide information necessary for the reader to understand Ada Bacot’s life before and after the war, and to know the places and people mentioned throughout the diaries. These ad­ditions, and Berlin’s meticulous editing in which she maintains Ada’s quaint spellings and wording, make this a thoroughly scholarly and fascinating picture of the life and wartime experiences of one Confederate nurse—experiences that, she said la­ter, gave her the confidence and independence that she had so desired as a young woman (www. project muse, keyword 'Ada White Bacot', accessed 14.3.2019).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bacot, Ada White: A Confederate nurse: the diary of Ada W. Bacot, 1860-1863/ edited by Jean V Berlin. (Columbia: Univer­sity of South Carolina Press, l994).

 

 

Badeau, Adam:

US-LtCol; Military Secretary; zunächst als Reporter im Krieg, dann ADC General Sherman's; schwer verwundet bei Port Hudson; 1864 Mitglied des Stabes von Grant (Porter: Campaining with Grant, p. 33) und als LtCol dessen Military Secretary; Ba­deau schrieb nach dem Krieg das Buch Military History of Ulysses S. Grant (1868-1881)

 

 

Bätz / Baetz, Henry:

US-Major, 26st Wisconsin Infantry (Kaufmann: Deutsche im amerikanischen Bürger­krieg, p. 480), Co. F, S; Bätz trat in das Regi­ment als Captain ein und wurde zum Major befördert (http://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-soldiers-detail.htm?soldier_ id=b057df7d-dc7a-df11-bf36-b8ac6f5d926a).

 

Baetz was born in Germany on July 27, 1830. He moved to Two Rivers, Wisconsin in 1853.[1] Later, he moved to Kewaunee, Wis­consin before settling in Manitowoc, Wisconsin. During the American Civil War, he served with the 26th Wisconsin Volunteer Infan­try Regiment of the Union Army and would reach the rank of Major. He moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 1875. Baetz died on Ja­nuary 2, 1910 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Baetz).

 

In 1868, Baetz was a delegate to the Republican National Convention that nominated Ulysses S. Grant for President of the United States. He would serve as Treasurer from 1870 to 1874 and as Secretary of the State Board of Immigration from 1880 to 1883 (http://en. wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Baetz).

 

 

Bäumer, Wilhelm:

s. Baumer, William

 

 

Bagby, Arthur Pendleton:

CS-MajGen; West Point 1852 (36/43); 2nd Lt; resigned 1853; Studium Rechtswissenschaft in Alabama; Rechtsanwalt in Mobile / Alabama von 1855-1858, dann bis 1861 in Gonzales / Texas; 12.10.1861 Major 7th Texas Mounted Volunteers Regiment (s. Texas Cavalry); LtCol 4.4.1862; Col 15.11.1862; ein erfolgtes Rücktrittsgesuch Bagby's wurde abgelehnt, weil man einen wertvollen Offi­zier nicht verlieren wollte. In einem sodann eingeleiteten Kriegsgerichtsverfahren wurde Bagby freigesprochen. 1863 - 1865 Briga­dekommandeur und Divisionskommandeur verschiedener Einheiten und an verschiedenen Einsatzorten (zu den Einzelheiten Allardice, p. 24-25); BrigGen 13.4.1864; am 16.5.1865 bei Kriegsende (irregulär) durch Kirby Smith zum MajGen ernannt (Allardi­ce: More Ge­nerals in Gray, p. 24).

 

Photo:

- Allardice, p. 24

 

Documents/Literature:

- Confederate Veteran, XXIX (1921), S. 146: "Gen A. P. Bagby"

- Confederate Veteran, XXXII (1924), S. 172

- **Hall, Martin H.: "The Court Martial of Arthur Pendleton Bagby, CSA," East Texas historical Journal, XIV (1981), S. 60-65

 

 

Bagby, George:

CS-Journalist; Reporter im regierungskritischen Charleston Mercury (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 21, 26).

 

George Bagby was born on August 13, 1828, on the Buckingham County plantation of William Evans, his maternal grandfather. He was the only son and elder of two children of George Bagby, owner of a general store in Lynchburg, and Virginia Young Evans Bag­by, who were both descended from families that had been in Virginia since before the American Revolution (1775–1783). Bagby's mother died when he was about eight years old, and his father sent him and his sister to live on the Cumberland County plantation of their aunt Elizabeth Hobson. Bagby there developed the sensitivity to the minutiae of plantation life that later informed many of his popular essays, including the beautifully crafted 1860 composition, "Fishing on the Appomattox."

 

When Bagby was ten his father sent him to Edgehill School in Princeton, New Jersey. Two years later he transferred to Hurlbut School in Philadelphia, and in 1843 he entered Delaware College. He matriculated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1846 and gra­duated with a degree in medicine in 1849. Bagby may have studied medicine to satisfy his father's wishes, because after he moved back to Lynchburg he made little or no attempt to establish a practice.

 

In 1853 Bagby and a close friend, George Woodville Latham, began publication of a newspaper, the Lynchburg Express, which lasted only three years but launched Bagby on a lifelong career in journalism and writing. In 1857 he moved to Washington, D.C., where he served as correspondent for a number of southern newspapers, started to publish essays in national journals, and began acquiring fame as a writer. His first articles in a journal of wide distribution were "My Wife and My Theory About Wives" (1855) and "The Virginia Editor," (1856) which appeared in Harper's New Monthly Magazine. In 1858 the Southern Literary Messenger published the first of his eight "Mozis Addums" letters, addressed to "Billy Ivvins" in "Curdsville, Va." The Addums letters were modeled on the speech of backwoods characters Bagby had known as a boy and were influenced by the well-established tradition of southwest dia­lect humor, and they were an immediate success. Although Bagby later came to resent the lasting popularity of Mozis Addums, com­plaining that for many years the name made him "a little sick whenever I heard it," the enormous popularity of the letters was no doubt responsible in part for Bagby's being named successor to John Reuben Thompson in June 1860 as editor of the Southern Li­terary Messenger. In March 1863 he also became associate editor of the Richmond Whig.

 

Relieved to get away from the antislavery fervor of many of Washington's politicians, Bagby enthusiastically supported secession and the Southern cause in his editorials in the Messenger, but the war had a disastrous effect on the magazine. After struggling for more than three years to keep the publication alive in the face of dwindling supplies of paper and ink and shrinking subscription rolls, Bag­by resigned his position as editor in January 1864, only months before the most-distinguished literary journal in the South ceased pu­blication forever. Bagby joined the Confederate army on April 22, 1861, but the chronic dyspepsia from which he suffered all of his adult life led to his discharge late in September 1861. He tied his fortunes so closely to the Confederate cause that in April 1865 he fled Richmond aboard the same train that carried Confederate president Jefferson Davis and his entourage to Danville.

 

Bagby returned to Richmond within a month to join his young wife, Lucy Parke Chamberlayne Bagby, whom he had married on February 16, 1863. They had six sons and four daughters between 1864 and 1882. Faced with the expenses of suppor­ting the growing family, Bagby turned in desperation to the lecture circuit. His humorous writings, especially his "Bacon and Greens" (1866), were ideally suited for public lectures, but he remained in debt. Consequently, from 1867 to 1870 he edited the Native Virgi­nian, a new newspaper published first at Orange Court House and later in Gordonsville, Orange County. His efforts to make the newspaper a fi­nancial success proved to be in vain, however, and in 1870 he returned to Richmond as assistant to the secretary of the commonwe­alth, who was by law also the state librarian. Until he lost his job when the Readjusters came to power in 1878, Bagby was in charge of the books in the Virginia State Library. He continued to lecture and composed some of his best-known works during those years, including his most famous essay, "The Old Virginia Gentleman," in 1877.

 

In a series of letters published in the Richmond State during the final years of his life, Bagby revealed the abiding tension in his mind and writings between the impulse to describe life in Virginia precisely and accurately and the impulse to sentimentalize the old days in his native commonwealth. At his best, his observations on Southside plantation life are shaped by an admirable blend of accuracy, objectivity, and genuine affection for his subject. Some of the essays, such as "My Uncle Flatback's Plantation," "Fishing on the Ap­pomattox," and "Corn-Field Peas," have held up well. Others more deeply rooted in the ethos of the time have not.

 

George William Bagby died of the effects of chronic dyspepsia and an ulcer of the tongue at his home in Richmond on November 29, 1883 and was buried in Shockoe Cemetery. Posthumous editions of his essays appeared in 1884–1885, 1910, 1938, 1943, and 1948, the last three edited by his youngest daughter, Ellen Matthews Bagby. (http://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/ Bagby_ George_ Wil­liam_1828-1883#start_entry).

 

 

Bagley, George Irvin:

US-Pvt; Co. D&I, 23rd Regiment Missouri Infantry (National Park Soldiers M390 Roll 2).

 

9.9.1843 Hamilton County, Illinois - † 4.6.1919; son of Corporal John Peter Bagley ( 23rd Regiment Missouri Infantry) and Elisabeth Ann Burgin (findagrave.com, keyword George Irvin Bagley, accessed 14.3.2019).

 

 

Bagley, John Peter:

US-Corporal; Co. I, 23rd Regiment Missouri Infantry, named as Pvt and 'Peter Bagley' (National Park Soldiers M390 Roll 2).

 

First husband of Elizabeth Ann (Burgin) Bagley (1830-1878). They were married on March 17, 1853 in Illinois. Peter's first wife was Frances Ann (Pemberton) Bagley (1825-1852). Peter and Frances were married on March 20, 1842 in Hamilton County, Illinois. Pe­ter was the father of six children with Frances Pemberson including: George, Cyrus, Albert, Minerva Jane, an infant son and Frances Ann Bagley. He was the father of five children with Elizabeth Burgin including: Mary Catherine, Joshua Jeremiah, Henry Ward, Silas Gleason and John Peter Bagley. Peter was the son of John Bagley and Rhoda (Ranselear) Bagley (www.findagrave.com, keyword 'John Peter „Peter“ Bagley', accessed 14.3.2019).

Civil War Veteran from the 23rd Missouri Infantry, Co. I. His son, George, also fought in the 23rd Missouri, Co. I and Co. D. Peter was considered the "poet laureate" of the 23rd Missouri. He was mustered in on Oct. 15, 1861 and fought at the Battle of Shiloh in April 1862. His regiment was captured and sent to prison. Peter wrote at least two poems in prison that detail the history of the regi­ment. There was a prisoner exchange and Peter was given an honorable discharge and sent home. He died of disease on his way home at the military hospital in Rolla, Missouri. His body was later transferred to Jefferson Barracks National Cemetery (www. findagra­ve.com, keyword 'John Peter „Peter“ Bagley', accessed 14.3.2019).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bagley, John Peter: Diary and writings of John Peter Bagley. [Iowa? : Everett M. Bagley, 198-?]. 41, [36] p. : ill.; Library of the Congress, Washington DC

 

 

Bahnson, Charles Frederic:

CS-Captain; Acting Quartermaster, Co. G, 2nd Battalion North Carolina Infantry; Bahnson trat als First Sergeant in das Battalion ein (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 2).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Chapman, Sarah Bahnson (ed.): „Bright ans Gloomy Days“. The Civil War Correspondence of Captain Charles Frederic Bahn­son, a Moravian Confederate (University of Tennessee Press / Knoxville 2003)

 

 

Bailey, Edward L.:

US-Col; Co. F&S, 2nd Regiment New Hampshire Infantry; prior Captain Co. I, 2nd Regiment New Hampshire Infantry (National Park Soldiers M549 Roll 1).

 

1863 Regimentskommandeur 2nd New Hampshire Infantry 3rd Brigade Col George C. Burling 2nd Division BrigGen An­drew A. Humphreys III Army Corps David E. Birney; Teilnahme am Battle von Gettysburg; die Regimenter von Burling's Brigade wurden an verschiedenen Stellen der Front, außerhalb des Brigadeverbandes als Verstärkung eingesetzt (Pfanz: Gettysburg, p. 242).

 

 

Bailey, Franklin:

US-Pvt; Co. D, 12th Regiment Michigan Infantry (National Park Soldiers M545, Roll 2); Teilnahme am Battle of Shiloh; in einem Brief an seine Eltern, geschrieben in Savannah nach dem Battle of Shiloh, Bailey said, that the engagement made him shudder to think about it; that the sight was simply terrible beyond description (McDo nough: Shiloh, p. 5).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bailey, Franklin: Letters (Michigan Historical Collection, Bentley Historical Society, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor / Michi­gan)

- **Bailey, Franklin: Letter to Parents, 8.4.1862, Personal Accounts, Federal, Shiloh National Military Park Library (SNMP)

 

 

Bailey, George W.:

US-Pvt; Co. F, 3rd Regiment Michigan Infantry (2nd organization) (National Park Soldiers M545 Roll 2).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bailey, George W.: The Civil War Diary and Biography of George W. Bailey (ed. Gerald R. Post. Colleyville / Texas: Privately prin­ted, 1990). The Civil War diary and biography of George W. Bailey: born March 31, 1841, died February 20,1905: served in Company F, Third Regiment, Michigan Volunteer Infantry, June 10, 1861-ApriI14, 1865/

 

 

Bailey, Guilford D.:

US-Col; Co. F&S, 1st Regiment New York Light Artillery (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 5).

 

† gefallen im Battle of Seven Pines am 31.5.1862 (Nevins: Col Wainwright, p. 4, 59, 74-75).

 

 

Bailey, Joseph M.:

US-BrigGen; 6.5.1825 Pennsville, Morgan County / Ohio - † 21.3.1867; US-BrigGen; aus Wisconsin;

 

Bailey was born near the town of Pennsville in Morgan County, Ohio. He earned a civil engineering degree at the University of Illi­nois, then moved to Wisconsin and became a civil engineer and lumberman. Politically, he was a Democrat. (http://en. wiki­pedia. org/ wiki/Joseph_Bailey_(general).

 

Bailey entered the Union Army at the beginning of the war as captain of Company D of the 4th Wisconsin Volunteer Regiment. He served as part of Major General Benjamin F. Butler's Army of the Gulf, which occupied New Orleans after Admiral David Farragut captured the city in April 1862. Bailey was named acting chief engineer for the city of New Orleans shortly after its occupa­tion. Promoted to major in May 1863, Bailey contributed to the Union Army's engineering activities in support of the Siege of Port Hudson. In August 1863, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel when the regiment was redesignated as the 4th Wisconsin Cavalry Regiment. (http://en. wikipedia. org/ wiki/Joseph_Bailey_(general).

 

LtCol Bailey gelang es während der Red River Campaign 1864, durch das meisterhafte Anlegen von Dämmen, den Red River aufzu­stauen, sodaß die Gunboat-Flotte Porters, die in Gefahr war, wegen des fallenden Wasserstandes zu stranden, weitgehend geret­tet werden konnten durch Rückzug zum Mississippi (Nevins: The War for the Union: The Organized War to Victory, p. 5; Ir­win, Richard B.: "The Red River Campaign," B & L IV, S. 345 f).

 

Joseph Bailey survived the war by less than two years. In October 1865, he moved with his wife and children to Vernon County, Missouri, where he was elected sheriff. He was shot and killed on March 21, 1867 near Nevada, Missouri by two brothers he had ar­rested (but failed to disarm) for stealing a hog. Despite a $3,000 reward, the killers, former bushwhackers Lewis and Perry Pixley, were never brought to justice. A third suspect was lynched. Later William McWaters also fell under suspicion for Bailey's murder, but managed to escape the posse sent to arrest him. (http://en. wikipedia. org/ wiki/Joseph_Bailey_(general).

General Bailey was buried with Masonic honors in the military cemetery at Fort Scott, Kansas. His remains were later moved to Evergreen Cemetery, where he rests next to his wife. A monument to his memory stands in Malta, Ohio, and he is the subject of a biography, Hero of the Red River - The Life and Times of Joseph Bailey. (http://en. wikipedia. org/ wiki/Joseph_Bailey_ (gene­ral).

 

 

Bailey, Joseph M.:

CS-1stLt; Co I, 16th Regiment Arkansas Infantry; mustered in as Pvt (National Park Soldiers M376 Roll 2).

 

Bailey moved to Carroll County with his family in the 1850's. He enlisted in the Arkansas state troops when the war broke out and was initially assigned to the Fourth Arkansas Infantry. Following the battle of Wilson's Creek, Bailey mustered out of state service but then reenlisted in the regular Confederate army and was assigned to the Sixteenth Arkansas Infantry. He fought with his unit at Pea Ridge (Benton County), Corinth, and Port Hudson, Mississippi, where the entire regiment was taken prisoner. Bailey and a com­rade managed to escape and make their way back to Arkansas where he finished out the war in an unidentified company of irregulars. Bailey berichtet, daß die 16th Arkansas am 7.3.1862 unter Col John F. Hill bei Oberson's Field (Shea / Hess: Pea Ridge, p. 111 und Anm. 58; Karte bei Shea / Hess, p. 108) gegen die US-Skirmish Line der 36th Illinois Infantry (Co. B. Captain Silas *Miller und Co. G) vorstieß, ohne die dort liegende Leiche des an dieser Stelle unmittelbar zu­vor gefallenen CS-BrigGen Benjamin *McCulloch zu bemerken (Shea / Hess, p. 111). Nachdem der Vorstoß der 16th Ar­kansas durch US-Artillerie­feuer am Waldrand nördlich Oberson's Field gestoppt worden war, besuchte Bailey seinen an der rechte Seite des Regiments einge­setzten Bruder. Als er eintraf, war gerade die Leiche von BrigGen McCulloch entdeckt worden (Shea / Hess, p. 111).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bailey, Joseph M.: "The Story of a Confederate Soldier, 1861-5"; Texas State Library, Austin, Archives Division

- **Bailey, Joseph M.: "The Death of General McCulloch"; in: Confederate Veteran 36 (1928), S. 175

- **Bailey, Joseph M.: Memoir, undated; 1 item. Positive photocopy of a typewritten autobiographical manuscript entitled "Story of a Confederate Soldier, 1861-1865" written by First Lieutenant Joseph M. Bailey, Company D, Sixteenth Arkansas Infantry. Originally from Tennessee. The original typewritten manuscript is held by the Texas State Library. (Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville: Manuscript Resources for the Civil War, Compiled by Kim Allen Scott, 1990).

- Shea / Hess: Pea Ridge, p. 111 und Anm. 58

 

 

Bailey, Lewis J.:

CS-Pvt; Co. F, 20th Regiment Mississippi Infantry (National Park Soldiers M232 Roll 2 iVm. L. J. Bailey: „Escape from Fort Donel­son,“ Confederate Veteran, February 1915, p. 64).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bailey, L. J.: „Escape from Fort Donelson,“ Confederate Veteran, February 1915, p. 64

 

 

Bailey, Orra B.:

US-Pvt; Co. F, 7th Regiment Connecticut Infantry (National Service M535 Roll 1).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bailey, Orra B.: Papers 1862-64; Library o Congress, Washington/DC; Letters from Bailey to his wife from camps in Florida and South Carolina discussing camp life, morale, disease, desertions, the treatment of prisoners of war, economic conditions in the South, and land purchases by Federal soldiers. Includes a detailed account of the siege and capture of Fort Wagner, S.C. Letters from Bailey to his wife written from Washington, D.C.,in 1864 concern profiteering from the draft.

 

 

Bailey, Pascal:

US-Pvt; Co. H, 15th Regiment Georgia Infantry (National Park Soldiers M226 Roll 3).

 

In the Gettysburg Campaign Bailey belonged to BrigGen Henry Benning's Brigade Guard (Division MajGen John. B. Hood, I Corps Longstreet [Gottfried: Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 444-451]) (Busey: Confederate Casualties at Gettysburg, p. 17). Present 30.6.1863 on extra duty with the brigade's guard, he was listed as wounded 2.7.1863 on Lilian Henderson's Georgia roster and as present with the guard on his company's July/August 1863 muster roll (Busey: Confederate Casualties at Gettysburg, p. 17).

 

A resident of Hart County, he enlisted there 13.7.1861 in Co. H, 15th Georgia Infantry and was shot in the leg prior to 4.10.1862. † 2.10.1864 of chronic diarrhea (Busey: Confederate Casualties at Gettysburg, p. 17).

 

 

Bailey, R. A.:

CS-Major; Bailey unternahm mit ca. 200 Mann Cavalry am 25.7.1862 einen Überfall auf Summerville, WVa. Hier befand sich im Sommer 1862 ein US-Außenposten der 9th West Virginia Infantry; am 25.7.1862 kam es zu einem nächtlichen Überfall durch CS-Cavalry, geführt von Major R. A. Bailey (Report von Lt. John C. Paxton OR 12 [2] S. 107-108; Mosocco: The Chronological Tracking of the Civil War, p. 78)

 

 

Bain, James G.:

US-Pvt; 33rd Indiana Infantry; Teilnahme am Battle of Thompson's Station am 5.3.1863, dabei kriegsgefangen (Welcher / Lig­get: Coburn's Brigade, p. 89).

 

 

Baird, Absalom:

20.8.1824 Washington / Pennsylvania - † 14.5.1905 Relay / Maryland; US-MajGen (USV) und 1885 US-BrigGen (Army) und In­spector General der US-Army; 1824-1905; West Point 1849 (9/43); Artillery; US-Berufsoffizier; Teilnahme am Seminole War; Ma­thematiklehrer in West Point; Captain 11.5.1861; AAG Daniel Tyler's bei First Bull run; IG und Stabschef IV Army Corps in Yorktown und Williams­burg; BrigGen 28.4.1862; Brigadekommandeur 27th Brigade, 7th Division, Army of the Ohio von 12.4.1862-10.10.1862; Brigade­kommandeur 4th Brigade der Army of the Cumberland (Boatner, p. 38-39); er übernahm vom 23.8.1863-21.9.1863 die 1st Division XIV Corps / Army of the Cumberland in Dug Gap, Chickamauga und Rossville. Baird received am 22.4.1896 the Medal of Honor for his military actions,  for leading "an assault upon the enemy's works" at the Battle of Jonesbo­ro on September 1, 1864 (Boatner, p. 39; http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Absalom_Baird ).

 

 

Baird, Edward C.:

US-Captain; 1863 gehörte Baird zum Stab von MajGen Reynolds I Army Corps und war am 1.7.1863 beim Tod von MajGen Reynolds *Herbst Woods / McPherson's Ridge anwesend (Martin: Gettysburg, p. 142).

 

 

Baird, John, P.:

US-Col. 85th Indiana Infantry; *5.1.1830 auf Baird Farm (Simpson Creek, Spencer County, KY, nahe Taylorsville) - 7.5.1881; sein Vater Stephen Baird stammte aus Irland, seine Mutter aus Spencer County; 1832 verkaufte Spencer Baird seine Farm und zog als Farmer ins Vigo County / Indiana. John Baird verbrachte seine Jugend auf der elterlichen Farm; seine Schulausbildung erhielt er auf der örtlichen Schule; mit 18 Jahren besuchte er das Franklin College (Franklin, Ind.) für 2 Jahre. Anschließend zog er nach Terre Haut und fand eine Anstellung bei Charles T. Noble; 1851/52 besuchte er die Law School auf der Indiana State University, Bloo­mington, Ind., und wurde am 10.3.1852 als Rechtsanwalt zugelassen. Im April 1852 gründete er mit William D. Griswold eine An­waltssozietät, die er nach dem Ausscheiden seines Partners 1854 weiterführte; einer seiner Partner Gen Charles Cruft.

 

Im Battle of Thompson's Station / Tennessee am 5.3.1863 fiel Baird in Kriegsgefangenschaft, wurde im Libby Prison / Richmond in­haftiert, jedoch früher als alle anderen Gefangenen von Coburn's Brigade am 12.4.1863 ausgetauscht; Gerüchte, Baird hätte hierbei in unehrenhafter Weise seine Entlassung erreicht, scheinen unzutreffend (Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, p. 102-103). Ab 19.4.1863 kommandierte er die US-Stellungen bei Franklin / Tennessee (Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, p. 103).

 

Baird war als im Juni 1863 als Kommandant von Franklin / Tennessee der verantwortliche Offizier für die Exekution der beiden CS-Spione Col William Orton *Williams und Lt Walter G. *Peter; die Ereignisse belasteten ihn persönlich lebenslang; Baird erkrankte psychisch, und wurde auf eigenen Wunsch am 16.6.1864 während der Atlanta Campaign aus der Armee entlassen; nach Hause zu­rückgekehrt, wurde er später in das Indiana Hospital für Geisteskranke auf eigenen Wunsch eingewiesen, wo er 1881 verstorben ist (Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, p. 119).

 

Photo:

- Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, p. 16

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bradsby, Henry C.: History of Vigo County, Indiana (Chicago: S. B. Nelson & Company, Publishers, 1891, Part II. pp. 960-64)

- **Brant, Jefferson E.: History of the Eighty-Fifth Indiana Volunteer Infantry (Bloomington / Ind.: Cravens Brothers, Printers and Binders, 1902); Anm.: Brant war Captain Company ‘E’ 85th Indiana Infantry und später kurzzeitig Regimentskommandeur

- **Welcher, Frank and Larry G. Ligget: Coburn’s Brigade: 85th Indiana, 33rd Indiana, 19th Michigan, and 22nd Wisconsin in the Civil War; (Carmel, Ind.: Guild Press of Indiana, 1999); Bibliothek Ref MilAmerik22, S. 5, 8, 16, 23, 30, 38, 50, 52, 54-55, 58, 60-62, 65, 67, 75, 93, 98-99, 102-03, 109-11, 113-19, 131, 136, 138-39, 141-44, 152-53, 159, 164, 172, 174, 191, 193, 208, 222-25, 389-90

 

 

Baird, Samuel E.:

US-Corporal; Co. H, 2nd Regiment, Missouri Cavalry (Merrill's Horse) (National Park Soldiers M390 Roll 2).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Baird, Samuel E.: With Merrill's Cavalry : the Civil War experiences of Samuel Baird, 2nd Missouri Cavalry, U.S.A. / with notes and introduction by Charles Annegan. -[1st ed.]. - San Marcos, Calif.: Book Habit, 1981.

 

 

Baker, Alpheus:

US-++General

 

 

Baker, Charles (D):

CS-Pvt; Co. B, 7th Regiment Louisiana Infantry (National Park Soldiers M378 Roll 2).

 

Enlisted Camp Moore, La., June 7th, 1861. Present on All Rolls to Feb., 1864. Federal Rolls of Prisoners of War Captured Near Spottsylvania C. H., May 11th, 1864. Sent to Belle Plains, Va., May 18th, 1864. Recorded, at Elmira, N. Y., March 10th, 1865. Sent to Ja­mes River for Exchange. Exchanged March 15th, 1865. Born, Germany. Res., Baton Rouge, La. Age when Enlisted, 35. Single (http://laahgp.genealogyvillage.com/MilitaryIndex/louisianasoldiersa1.html, Abruf vom 3.6.2016).

 

 

Baker, Conrad:

US-+++; aus Indiana; in der Vorkriegszeit war Baker Lawyer in Evansville / Indiana; Baker hatte keinerlei militärische Erfahrung, wurde jedoch durch Governor Morton davon überzeugt, ein Offizierspatent anzunehmen und ein Cavalry Regiment aufzustellen; Col 1st Indiana Cavalry (Thornbrough: Indiana in the Civil War, p. 133). Mit diesem Regiment war Baker in den ersten Mo­naten nach Kriegsausbruch in Missouri eingesetzt; er kehrte dann nach Indiana zurück, wo er zum Provost Marshall ernannt wur­de (Thorn­brough: Indiana in the Civil War, p. 129).

 

 

Baker, D. B.:

US-+++; 25th Missouri Infantry; im März 1862 und beim Battle of Shiloh gehörte die 25th Missouri Infantry zur 1st Brigade Col Everett *Peabody 6th Division BrigGen Benjamin M. *Prentiss in Grant’s Army of the Tennessee (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 76, 141, 320; Grant: The Oppo­sing Forces at Shiloh, B & L, I, S. 538).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bryant, Thomas J.: Who is Responsible of the Army of the Tennessee Towards Corinth (N.p., 1885), Statement of D. B. Baker, S. 31

 

 

Baker, Edward Dickinson "Ned":

US-Col; 1st Regiment California Infantry; geb. 1811 in England - † 21.10.1861 im Battle of Ball's Bluff; einer der ersten prominen­ten US-Gefallenen im Krieg; Baker hatte darauf verzichtet, seine persönliche Freundschaft zu Lincoln auszunutzen, um hierdurch den aktiven Militärdienst zu vermei­den. Vorkriegszeit: Rechtsanwalt in Springfield / Ill., wo er den späteren Präs. Lincoln kennen­lernte und auch mit Stephen *Douglas befreundet war; Senator in Illinois; enger Freund Präsident Lincoln's; Lincoln's zweiter Sohn Edward Baker Lincoln (1846-1850) war nach Col. Baker benannt; 1844 zum Colonel der Illinois Militia ernannt; stellte Baker 1846 das 4th Illinois Infantry Regiment auf mit dem er am Krieg gegen Mexiko teilnahm; im Mexikanischen Krieg zweimal verwundet; 1848 in den US-Kongress gewählt; 1852 zog Baker mit seiner Familie nach San Francisco, wo er eine florierende Rechtsanwalts­kanzlei be­trieb. Mitglied der Republikanischen Partei; 1859 zog er auf Bitten der Republikaner nach Oregon, um dort für den US-Kon­gress zu kandidieren; zum Senator von Oregon 1859 in den US-Senat gewählt, war einer der entschiedensten Unterstützer Lin­coln's; bei Aus­bruch des Bürgerkrieges wurde Baker zum Colonel des 1st California Infantry Regiment (umbenannt in 71st Pennsyl­vania) gewählt, das sich ausschließlich aus früheren California Residents zusammensetzte, die inzwischen in den Oststaaten lebten.

 

1861 wurde Baker zum Brigade-Kommandeur in Charles P. Stone's Division ernannt, deren Aufgabe darin bestand, die Grenze zur Konföderation östlich Leesburg zu überwachen (Farwell, p. 53). Baker verzichtete auf einen Generalsrang, da er nur im Rang eines Colonel Abgeordneter bleiben konnte, was Generalen versagt war.

 

Col. Baker kommandierte die US-Truppen im Gefecht von Ball's Bluff am 21.10.1861; Baker ist im Gefecht gefallen.

 

McMahon (Diary, p. 4) bezeichnet Baker als "Senator von Oregon und einer unserer besten Männer. Er hätte MajGen sein können, wenn er gewollt hätte. Aber er konnte nicht gleichzeitig Senator und MajGen sein und wollte Senator bleiben.

 

Photo:

- Davis / Wiley: Photographic History: Fort Sumter to Gettysburg, p. 126

- Farwell, Byron: Ball's Bluff - A small Battle and Its Long Shadow, p. 14

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Farwell, Byron: Ball's Bluff - A small Battle and Its Long Shadow (McLean / VA: EPM Publications, 1990)

 

 

Baker, Edward D.:

US-++General;

 

 

Baker, Frank (D):

CS-Pvt; Washington Battalion Louisiana Artillery (National Park Soldiers M378 Roll 2).

 

Enlisted July 31st, 1861, New Orleans, La. Present on All Rolls to Oct., 1864. Roll for Jan. and Feb., 1865, "Detailed as Infantry, on Duty at Fort Craig." Federal Rolls of Prisoners of War Captured at Petersburg, April 1st, 1865. Forwarded to Pt. Lookout, Md., from City Pt., Va., April 4th 1865. Released on Oath of Allegiance to U. S. from Pt. Lookout, Md., June 10th, 1865. Res., New Orleans, La. Complexion, Light. Hair. Brown. Eyes, Brown. Height, 5 ft. 5 in. Born, Germany. Occupation, Baker. Age, 33. Single (http:// laahgp.genealogyvillage.com/MilitaryIndex/louisianasoldiersa1.html,. Abruf vom 3.6.2016).

 

 

Baker, Harvey:

US-Pvt; Co. H 33rd Indiana Infantry; Teilnahme am Battle of Thompson's Station am 5.3.1863, dabei verwundet und kriegsgefangen (Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, p. 87).

 

 

Baker, Henry H.:

CS-Pvt; Washington Battalion, Louisiana Artillery (National Park Soldiers M378 Roll 2; O'Reilly: Fredericksburg, p. 251, 389).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Baker, Henry H.: A Reminiscent Story of the Great Civil War … Second Paper. New Orleans: Ruskin Press, 1911

 

 

Baker, Isaac Norval:

CS-Pvt; Co 'F' 18th Virginia Cavalry

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Baker, Isaac Norval: Memoirs (VMI Archives, Manuscripts)

 

 

Baker, James:

US-LtCol; im Frühjahr 1862 Regimentskommandeur 2nd Iowa Infantry; im Frühling 1862 und im Battle of Shiloh gehörte das Regim­ent zur 1st Brigade Col Tuttle 2nd Division W.H.L. Wallace Grant’s Army of the Tennessee (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 319; Grant: The Opposing Forces at Shiloh, B & L, I, S. 537 ff).

 

 

Baker, James (D):

CS-Pvt; Co. K, 15th Regiment Louisiana Infantry (National Park Soldiers M378 Roll 5).

 

 

Baker, Lafayette C.:

US-BrigGen; 13.10-1826 Stafford, Genesee County / - † 3.7.1868 Philadelphia; amerikanischer Spion und Nachrichtenoffizier (http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lafayette_C._Baker); Leiter eines US-Spionagerings in Washington, aufgestellt durch LtGen Win­field S. Scott unter Lafayette Baker als Intelligence Officer (Markle: Spies, p. 6-7; 20); später Lincoln's Secret Service Chief

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Mogelever, Jacob: Death to Traitors: The Story of General Lafayette C. Baker, Lincoln's Forgotten Secret Service Chief (Double­day 1960)

 

 

Baker, Laurence S.:

CS-BrigGen; 15.1.1830 Coles Hill Plantation Gates County / North Carolina - † 10.4.1907 Suffolk / Virginia; West Point 42/1851; Berufsoffizier 2nd LT US Mountain Rifles; schloß sich der Sezession an (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurence_S._Baker); Col 1st Regiment North Carolina Cavalry

 

Col 1st North Carolina Cavalry. Das Regiment gehörte während der Gettysburg Campaign 1863 zu Wade Hampton‘s Cavalry Briga­de, Cavalry Division, Army of Northern Virginia (Longacre: The Cavalry at Gettysburg, p. 17, 31). Verwundet im Battle of Brandy Station; BrigGen seit 23.7.1863; verwundet im Battle von Brandy Station und nicht mehr einsatzfähig für 1 Jahr. Nach sei­ner Wieder­herstellung commander of the Second Military District in his home state of North Carolina, overseeing the defense of vital railroads and supply lines. He briefly led a brigade into Georgia to help defend Savannah, but withdrew before the city surrendered. He also commanded the North Carolina Junior Reserves from 1864 until 1865, a predominantly recruiting and desk position. Despite his still painfully shattered arm, Baker returned to the field during the Carolinas Campaign, including the Battle of Bentonville. He and most of his men did not surrender at the end of the war, preferring to try to cut his way through Union lines to join Joseph E. Johnston's army. Instead, he disbanded his brigade and the remaining men dispersed. Baker received his formal parole in Raleigh, North Carolina, in May 1865.

 

Photo:

BrigGen Laurence S. Baker (Library of the Congress)

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Eicher, John H., and Eicher, David J., Civil War High Commands, Stanford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8047-3641-3.

- **Heitman, Francis, Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army 1789-1903, Washington: Government Printing Office, 1903.

- **Warner, Ezra J., Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders, Louisiana State University Press, 1959

 

 

Baker, Levi Wood:

US-1st Sergeant; Co. 9, 9th Independent Battery Massachusetts Light Artillery; 3rd Day of Gettysburg 3.7.1863 (Rollins: Pickett's Charge, p. xv).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Baker, Levi Wood.: History of the Ninth Massachusetts Battery (South Farmington: Lakeview Press, 1888)

 

 

Baker, Nathan S.:

US-Captain; Co. G&H, 86th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 5, hier als 'Nathan L. Baker' bezeichnet).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Baker, Nathan S.: Diary, Rochester Public Library, Local History Division, Historic Monograph Collection

 

 

Baker, Otis A.:

US-Captain; Co. A, 1st Rhode Island Infantry Regiment, Co. A., 4th Rhode Island Regiment, Co. H, 3rd Massachusetts Infantry Re­giment und 18th Massachusetts Company

 

Photo:

Captain Otis A. Baker (Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C.)

 

 

Baker, William B.:

US-Sergeant; zunächst Pvt, Co. D, 1st Regiment Maine Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M543 Roll 1; Priest: South Mountain, p. 7, 13), later Sergeant Co. D, 1st Regiment Maine Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M543 Roll 1).

 

Documents/Literatur:

- **Baker, William B.: Papers, Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N.C.

 

 

Bakewell, Gordon A.:

CS-Orderly Sergeant; Washington Battalion, Louisiana Artillery (National Park Soldiers M378 Roll 2). Bakewell stammte aus New Orleans; Teil­nahme am Battle of Shiloh (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 271).

 

Louisiana-Governor Thomas O. *Moore stellte auf Anforderung von Beauregard vom 21.2.1862 ca 1500 Mann Militia auf, die für 90 Tage mit Zustimmung des CS-War Departments eingezogen wurden; die Truppen umfaßten die Washington Artillery (5th Co.), Or­leans Guard Artillery, Orleans Guard Battalion, Crescent Regiment und Confederate Guards Response Battalion (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 61).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bakewell, Gordon: “Orderly That Was of the Fifth Company Washington Artillery at Shiloh!” Illinois Central Magazine, October 1915, S. 18-20

 

 

Balbach, Arthur (D):

US-Major; unidentified District of Columbia (National Park Soldiers M538 Roll 1); Major (Captain), Co. H, auch 8th Battalion District of Co­lumbia Infantry (3 months, 1861) (National Park Soldiers M538 Roll 1).

 

Offizier im badischen Generalstab, 1849 an der Revolution beteiligt. Später in Amerika bei der Küstenvermessung be­schäftigt. Zu Beginn des Krieges Major. Gefallen in einem der ersten Kämpfe (Kaufmann: Deutsche im amerikanischen Bürger­krieg, p. 480, ohne Nennung des Vornamens).

 

 

Balch, John A.:

 

 

Documents/Literature:

- Balch, John A.: History of the 116th Regiment U.S.C. Infantry (Philadelphia: King & Baird Printers, 1868)

 

 

Baldwin, Asa:

US-Pvt; 82nd Ohio Infantry

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Baldwin, Asa: Correspondence, 1864-65. 0.1 cu. ft. Union soldier in the 82nd Ohio Regiment. Five letters from Baldwin from camps in Ohio, Indiana, and Tennessee, to his wife in Blanchester, Ohio. One letter from Baldwin's brother, R.F. Baldwin, in Ohio (Virginia Tech, Univ. Libraries, Special Collections: Civil War guide - Manuscript Sources for Civil War Research in the Special Col­lections Department of the Virginia Tech Libraries Ms88-079)

 

 

Baldwin, Briscoe G.:

CS-Col; zuvor LtCol/Ordnance Officer, General and Staff Officer, Non-Regimental Men, CSA; Army of Northern Virginia (National Park Soldiers M818 Roll 2).

 

Col als Nachfolger von Edward Porter *Alexander Chief of Ordnance in Lee's Army of Northern Virginia seit November 1862. Bald­win hatte diese Position inne bis Kriegsende (Alexander, Edward Porter: Military Memoirs of a Confederate, p. 277).

 

 

Baldwin, Frank D.:

US-Captain; Co. D, 19th Regiment Michigan Infantry (National Park Soldiers M545 Roll 2); zuvor Co D, 19th Michigan Infantry / Coburn's Bri­gade (Welcher / Ligget: Coburn’s Brigade, p. 135). Während Wheeler's Raid vom Oktober 1863 sicherte Baldwin's Co D die Eisenbahn­brücke der Nashville-Chattanooga Railroad über den Sto­nes Rover. Am 5.10.1863 wurden Baldwin's Sicherungen von einer Über­macht von CS-Cavalry angegriffen und ergaben sich nach längerem Artilleriebeschuß (Welcher / Ligget: Coburn’s Brigade, p. 137).

 

Baldwin served with the 19th Michigan, he was captured and imprisoned at Libby Prison in Richmond.

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Steinbach, Robert H.: A Long March: The Lives of Frank and Alice Baldwin (University of Texas: Austin 1989)

 

 

Baldwin, John Brown:

CS-Col; Co. F&S, 52nd Regiment Virginia Infantry (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 3). Because of his bad health he had to retire.

 

Brown was deployed in Oktober 1861 in den Alleghany Mountains, WVa im Rahmen von Robert E. Lee's Army of the Northwest (OR 5, 899).

 

Attorney, member of the Virginia Convention of 1861, member of the Confederate House of Representatives, and Speaker of the Vir­ginia House of Delegates; son of Briscoe Gerard Baldwin and Martha Steele Brown Baldwin. Baldwin was member of the Virginia Secession Convention 1861, but a unionist (wikipedia, keyword 'John Brown Baldwin', accessed 22.3.2019).

 

11.1.1820 Augusta County, VA - † 30.9.1873 Staunton, VA (www.findagrave.com, accessed 22.3.2019).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Baldwin, John B.: Papers, 1863, 1865, Library of Congress, Washington/DC: Letter from Baldwin to William Crawford, Apr. 24, 1863, denying reports that he had voted in favor of flogging soldiers as a means of discipline and expressing his opposition to an

increase in military pay; pardon signed by President Johnson and William H. Seward, Sept. 28, 1865.

 

 

Baldwin, Silas D.:

US-Col; Col 57th Illinois Infantry; das Regiment gehörte im Battle of Shiloh unter Col Baldwin zur 3rd Brigade Col Thomas W. Sweeny 2nd Division W.H.L. Wallace in Grant’s Army of the Tennessee (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 319; Grant: The Opposing Forces at Shi­loh, B & L, I, S. 537). Nach der Verwundung von Brigadekommandeur Thomas W. *Sweeny im Battle of Shiloh übernahm Col Bald­win die Führung der 3rd Brigade 2nd Division W.H.L Wallace in Grant's Army of the Tennessee (Grant: The Opposing Forces at Shi­loh, B & L, I, S. 537)

 

 

Baldwin, William Edwin:

CS-BrigGen; aus South Carolina; Appt.-Mississippi Commissioned Col 14th Mississippi Infantry im Frühjahr 1861; eingesetzt in Zentral-Kentucky (Boatner, p. 40); im Februar 1862 Brigadekommandeur 2nd Brigade Buckner's Division bei Fort Do­nelson (Grant, US: The Opposing Forces at Fort Donelson; in Battles and Leaders Vol. I S. 429); Baldwin führte den Ausbruchs­versuch am Morgen des 14.2.1862 (Hicken: Illinois in the Civil War, p. 36); nach seiner Gefangennahme in Fort Donel­son ausgetauscht; versetzt zur Army of West Tennessee; Teilnahme an der Schlacht von Coffeeville am 6.12.1862; BrigGen 19.9.1862; während der Vicksburg Campaign Brigadekommandeur 1st Brigade Division Smith; Teilnahme an den Kämpfen bei Fort Gibson und Championshill, Big Black River und der Belagerung von Vicksburg; bei Vicksburg erneut in Kriegsgefangenschaft; er wurde wieder ausgetauscht und führte eine Brigade im Distrikt von Mobile bis zu seinem Tod am 19.2.1864; gestorben durch einen Unfall, mit einem Fall vom Pferd, nachdem das Saumzeug gebrochen war (Boatner, p. 40).

 

Baldwin's Brigade umfaßte folgende Regimenter (Grant, US: The Opposing Forces at Fort Donelson; in Battles and Leaders Vol. I S. 429):

- 2nd Kentucky Infantry

- 14th Mississippi Infantry

- 26th Mississippi Infantry

- 26th Tennessee Infantry

- 41st Tennessee Infantry

 

 

Bales, Caleb:

US-Captain; Co D, 85th Regiment Indiana Infantry (National Park Soldiers M540 Roll 3; Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, p. 102).

 

 

Ball, Charles P.:

CS-++++; im April 1861 als Lt. Artillery eingesetzt unter *Hardee in Fort Morgan, Alabama (Hughes: Hardee. Old Reliable, p. 72)

 

 

Ballew, Joseph R.:

CS-Captain, F, 26th Regiment North Carolina Infantry; er trat als First Lieutenant in das Regiment ein (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll2). Bal­lew resigned im Herbst 1862 (Clark [ed.]: Histories of the several Regiments and Battalions from North Caroli­na, S. 417).

 

20.4.1832 - † 12.4.1901, buried Green Hills Cemetery, Asheville, Buncombe / NC; on the gravestone his rank is given as 'major' (fin­dagrave.com, keyword 'Joseph R. Ballew, accessed 15.3.2019).

 

 

Ballier, John F. (D):

US-BrigGen; Col 21st Pennsylvania In­fantry und später Col 98th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment (Kaufmann: Deutsche im amerika­nischen Bürgerkrieg, p. 480).

 

28.8.1815 Aurich - † 3.2.1893 beerd. Mt. Peace Cemetery on Lehigh Avenue in Philadelphia(Kaufmann: Deutsche im amerikani­schen Bürgerkrieg, p. 480).

 

John F. Ballier was a native of Aurich, Wuertemberg, born on August 28, 1815 and immigrated as a baker to Philadelphia in 1838.   The following year he became a member of the Washington Light Infantry, a crack German military organization composed of three companies, which would go on to serve its new country in pre-war conflicts such as the Native American riots of 1844 and the Mexi­can War of 1846. Throughout these military engagements, Ballier rose swiftly, achieving the rank of Major by the close of the Mexi­can War. In 1861, when President Lincoln called for volunteers to serve for ninety days, the Washington Light Infantry and John Bal­lier responded, forming the nucleus of the Twenty-first Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers for three months of service which saw his promotion to colonel.  At the expiration of their time, Colonel Ballier recruited and organized the Ninety-eighth Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers for three years' service.  He led the command in many of the battles of the war, among them Yorktown, Wil­liamsburg, Mechanicsville, Fair Oaks, Malvern Hill, Antietam and Fredericksburg (http://pacivilwar150.Com/Through People/ Immi­grants/JohnFBallier).

 

At Mayre's Heights in the Chancellorsville campaign, Colonel Ballier was wounded in the ankle and spent five weeks in the hospital. When recovered he returned to his regiment, commanding it in the battles of Rappahannock Station, Spotsylvania, the Wilderness, Cold Harbor and Petersburg. When Fort Stevens, a defensive bastion on the northern edge of Washington, D.C., was threatened, he was in command of the Second Division of the VI. Corps of the Union Army of the Potomac. Ballier and his men came under the watchful eyes of citizens who rode out in carriages to observe the battle, including President Lincoln. A rifle ball penetrated his thigh during the battle and during his subsequent hospital stay he was seen again by President Lincoln, this time at the foot of his hospital bed on July 12, 1864. Lincoln acknowledged his gallant conduct and the services of his troops, promoting Ballier brevet brigadier-ge­neral of volunteers. The 98th Pennsylvania Volunteers subsequently participated in several other battles, and was present at the sur­render of Lee and his Confederate army (http://pacivilwar150.Com/ThroughPeople/Immigrants/JohnFBallier).

 

A complete history of the regiment was written by General Ballier for "Bates's History of Pennsylvania in the War." While convales­cing, General Ballier served for 10 months as a member of a court martial in Washington, acting on the cases of Confederate priso­ners. He served on the tribunal that convicted Major Henry Wirz, Confederate commandant of the notorious Andersonville Prison camp and Ballier witnessed his hanging. Soon after he returned to Philadelphia, John Ballier purchased the old hotelproperty at Fourth Street and Fairmount Avenue, which was generally known as the Ballier House. In 1866 he was appointed a day inspector in the U.S. Custom House, resigning in 1867 when he was elected a City Commissioner of Philadelphia, holding that office until 1870. In 1869 he was Colonel of the Third Regiment Pennsylvania National Guard and retained command until 1876. John Ballier lived as a distinguished and decorated American but never discarded his German customs and habits, staying active in German-American ci­vic, philanthropic and social affairs. He was a founding member of the Cannstatter Volkfest Verein, president of the German Society of Philadelphia, and a founding member of the Grand Army veterans' Post #228, named for an old comrade, General John Koltes of Philadelphia, killed in action at the Second Battle of Bull Run (http://pacivilwar150.Com/ThroughPeople/ Immigrants/JohnFBal­lier).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Ballier, John F.: History of the 98th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Regiment; in: Bates, Samuel Penniman: History of Pennsyl­vania volunteers 1861-65, printed 1871

 

 

Ballou, Charles B.:

US-Pvt; Co. A, 42nd Regiment Illinois Infantry (Photo of his gravestone in the Sunset Cemetery, Quincy, Adams County, Illinois [s. findagrave.com]; not mentioned in National Park Soldiers and also not mentioned in Report of the Adjutant General of the State of Illinois, Roster Co. A 42nd Regiment Illinois Infantry).

 

1830 - † 15.2.1908, buried Sunset Cemetery, Quincy, Adams County, Illinois (findagrave.com, accessed 15.3.2018).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Ballou, Charles B.: Reminiscenses of Charles B. Ballou (Blandinsville / Illinois, 1925; Photocopy at Western Illinois University Li­brary, Macomb / Illinois)

 

 

Ballou, James E.:

CS-Pvt )(?); Co. ?; 13th Regiment Mississippi Infantry (not mentioned in National Park Soldiers); † 21.7.1861 kia Battle of 1st Ma­nassas

 

Documents/Literature:

- Ballou Family of Virginia Papers, 1736-1889. ca. 30 items. Microfilm, 1 reel. Contains three letters from soldiers in the 13th Miss­issippi Volunteers written from Leesburg, Va., Oct. 1861, concerning the health of the regiment and the death of James E. Ballou in the Battle of 1st Manassas; and four letters from Rebecca Ballou to her mother, 1863-64, Jackson, Tenn., describing the occupation and evacuation of Jackson, depredations by Federal soldiers, skirmishes in the area, and the suffering and problems of blacks.

 

 

 

Ballou, Sullivan:

US-Pvt; +++ Infantry, Burnside's Brigade (2nd New Hampshire, 1st Rhode Island, 2nd Rhode Island, 71st New York) im Battle of Bull Run 1861 (Davis: Battle of Bull Run, p. 91).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Ballou, Sullivan: Letter; Civil War Letters Collection; Chicago Historical Society; Chicago / Illinois

 

 

Bane, Moses M.:

US-Col; 50th Illinois Infantry; das Regiment gehörte im Battle of Shiloh unter Führung von Col Bane zur 3rd Brigade Col Thomas W. Sweeny 2nd Division W.H.L. Wallace in Grant’s Army of the Tennessee (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 319; Grant: The Opposing Forces at Shiloh, B & L, I, S. 537).

 

 

Banes, Charles H.:

US-Captain; Co. E, 72nd Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 5); später AAG

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Banes, Charles H.: History of the Pennsylvania Brigade (Philadelphia, 1876)

 

 

Bangs, Isaac S.:

US-BrigGen; at first Captain, Co. A, 20th Regiment Maine Infantry (National Park Soldiers M543 Roll 1); later Col, 10th Regiment US Colored Heavy Artillery (National Park Soldiers M589 Roll 4); afterwards LtCol, Co. F&S, 81st Regiment US Colored Infantry (National Park Soldiers M589 Roll 4).

 

Isaac Sparrow Bangs, Jr., was born on March 17, 1831, in Canaan, Maine. He entered the volunteer service on August 29, 1862, as Captain of Co. A, 20th Maine Infantry. On March 2, 1863, he was transferred and promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel of the 81st U.S. Colored Troops and afterward to Colonel of the 10th U.S. Colored Heavy Artillery. He was honorably discharged on July 19, 1864, and received the rank of Brevet Brigadier General on March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at the siege of Port Hud­son, Louisiana.

 

General Bangs was a charter member and Past Commander of W.S. Heath Post 14, Grand Army of the Republic, in Waterville and served as Commander of the Department of Maine, G.A.R., in 1880. By 1882 he had risen to the office of National Junior Vice Com­mander-in-Chief, G.A.R. It was during this year that Major A.P. Davis, founder of the Order and a native son of Maine, induced Ge­neral Bangs to undertake the organization of the Sons of Veterans in New England. At that time there were but two Camps of the Or­der in that territory; W.W. Brown Camp 1 of Manchester, New Hampshire, and Garfield Camp 1 of Waterville, Maine (which had been organized by General Bangs and whose son, Dennis M. Bangs, served as first Camp Commander). The Sons of Veterans, U.S.A., Commander-in-Chief, H.T. Rowley, appointed General Bangs Provisional Commander, with the rank of Brevet Major Gene­ral, of the 1st Grand Division, embracing the New England states, and he assumed command in General Orders, December 22, 1882 (http://www.suvcw.org/pcinc/isbangs.htm, accessed 17.1.2019).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bangs, I. S.: „The Ullmann Brigade.“ Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, Commandery of Maine 1902, Vol. 2, p. 290-310

 

 

Bankhead, Henry Cary:

US-BrigGen; Cousin von CS-MajGen John Bankhead *Magruder; Bruder von CS-BrigGen Smith Pyne *Bankhead (Allardice: More Generals in Gray, p. 27 Anm. 1)

 

 

Bankhead, Smith Pyne:

CS-BrigGen; 28.8.1823 in Fort Moultrie / SC - 30.5.1867 (ermordet in Memphis / Tennessee); Cousin von CS-MajGen John Bank­head *Magruder; Bruder von US-BrigGen Henry Cary *Bankhead; Studium an der Georgetown University und University of Virgi­nia; im Mexikokrieg Captain der Virginia Militia; anschließend in California, ab 1851 in Memphis / Tennessee; Herausgeber des Memphis Whig; nach dem Verkauf der Zeitung war Bankhead zunächst City Attorney in Memphis, dann Rechtsanwalt; nach Kriegs­ausbruch Captain und Batteriechef in Columbus / Kentucky, New Madrid und Fort Pillow; Batteriechef von Bankhead's Tennessee Battery in 1st Brigade Col Robert M. Russel 1st Division BrigGen Charles Clark I. Army Corps MajGen Leonidas Polk; Major am 1.4.1862; im Battle of Shiloh am 6.4.1862 war Bankhead Chef der Artillery im I. Army Corps MajGen Leonidas Polk; nachfolgend Einsatz im Trans-Mississippi Department unter Magruder; Col 13.11.1862; Chef der Artillery im Department Magruder; im Frühling 1863 Kommandeur der CS-Truppen in San Antonio / Texas, dann Kommandeur im Bezirk Nord-Texas ab 30.5.1863; er blieb erfolg­los und wurde abgelöst; ab 28.12.1863 bis Kriegsende erneut Chief of Artillery im District of Texas (Allardice: More Generals in Gray, p. 26).

 

 

Banks, Nathaniel Prentiss Commissary:

US-MajGen; *1816 Walthlam/MA - † 1894; ein erfolgreicher amerikanischer Selfmade Man; Banks stammte aus einfacher Familie der unteren Mittelklasse, erhielt nur eine einfache Schulausbildung und war anschließend einfacher Hilfsarbeiter in einer Textilfabrik, wo sein Vater Vorarbeiter war; durch Selbststudium und harte Arbeit schaffte er es, sich die Voraussetzung für die Zulassungsprüfung zur Anwaltschaft zu erlangen, bestand die Prüfung und wurde als Anwalt zugelassen; er arbeitete allerdings nicht als Rechtsanwalt, sondern wurde Politiker; er verlor sechsmal die Wahl zum Massachusetts Parlament, schaffte jedoch 1848 bei der siebten Wahl den Einzug als direkt gewählter Abgeordneter; Mitglied der Massachusetts State Legislative; glühender Anhänger der *Free-Soil-Bewe­gung und entschiedener Gegner des Missouri Compromise und der Sklavenhaltung, 1853 Abgeordneter im US House of Representa­tives, wo er sich bald einen solchen Namen machte, daß er nur drei Jahre später, 1856 die Wahl zum Speaker des House of Represen­tatives gewann; 1856 wurde als Kandidat seiner Partei für die US-Präsidentschaft vorgeschlagen, lehnte jedoch ab und kandidierte zum Governor von Massachusetts; 1857 zum Gouv. von Massachusetts gewählt und trat sein Amt 1858 an, das er effizient und er­folgreich ausübte (Wood, p. 47). 1861 kandidierte Banks nicht erneut, sondern wurde als Nachfolger McClellan's Präsi­dent der Illi­nois Central Railroad; bei Kriegsausbruch trat er sofort im Mai 1861 in die US-Army ein unter Ernennung zum MajGen und Kom­mandeur des Departments of Annapolis; Banks spielte eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Verhinderung einer Entscheidung des Massa­chusetts Congresses zugunsten der Südstaaten; Kriegseinsatz 1st Bull Run, Einsatz bei der Verteidigung Marylands gegen Stonewall Jackson, hierbei eingesetzt zur Unterstützung von Gen *Lander bei der Verteidigung von *Hancock ab 5.1.1862 (Cha­se: Diary, p. 56). Niederlage im Battle von Front Royal am 23.5.1862 und anschließende Räumung des Shenandoah-Tals vor Jackson's zahlenmä­ßig überlegenen Truppen; hierbei im Süden berühmt als "Stonewall's Jackson's Commissary", da er durch Über­lassung eines Über­flusses von Vorräten die CS-Truppen "bountifully" versorgt hatte (Worsham, John H.: "One of Jackson's Foot Cavalry; , S. 50).

 

Banks's Corps war anschließend Pope's Army of Virginia unterstellt. Er erhielt im Juli 1862 den Befehl, eine Infanteriebrigade und die gesamte Corps-Cavalry gegen Culpeper Court House, Va. (Karte bei: Symonds, Battle Field Atlas, p. 28) einzusetzen, die Stadt zu erobern und mit seiner Cavalry unter BrigGen John P. *Hatch über den Rapidan gegen Gordonsville vorzugehen, dort die Eisenbahn­linie auf mehreren Meilen zu zerstören, um die Verbindung zwischen dem Shenandoah und Richmond zu unterbrechen (Stackpole: From Cedar Mountain, p. 29; Stackpole: From Cedar Mountain, p. 32, 35). Pope warf später Banks vor, seine Stärke fehlerhaft ange­geben zu haben. Danach hatte Banks eine Stärke von 15000 gemeldet, tatsächlich waren es jedoch 8800 Mann. Pope's Planung vor Cedar Mountain war auf dieser Stärkemeldung aufgebaut (Stackpole: From Cedar Mountain, p. 36).

 

Banks Verteidigung von Washington, dann Nachfolger des unpopulären Benjamin Butler in New Orleans und erfolgreiche Unterstüt­zung Grant's bei der Öffnung des Mississippi; im Mai 1863 setzte Banks beim Versuch der Erstürmung von Port Hudson farbige ++erstmals im Bürgerkrieg+++ US-Truppen ein; erfolgreiche Belagerung von Port Hudson dessen Übergabe Banks am 9.7.1863 er­zwang. Winter 1863/64 Winterfeldzug in Texas und Angriff gegen Galveston (bis Kriegsende der wichtigste Golfhafen in Rebellen­hand) (Längin, p. 200). Im Frühjahr 1864 Teilnahme an Grant's Red River Expedition, für deren Fehlschlag Grant MajGen Banks verantwortlich machte. Dabei auf Befehl Washingtons zusammen mit Admiral Davis Dixon Porter Angriff auf Shreveport und Nie­derlage in der Schlacht von Sabine Crossroads am 8.4.1864, am nächsten Tag Battle of Pleasant Hill, in dessen Verlauf sich Banks wegen erheblicher Versorgungsprobleme zurückziehen mußte; nach Ende der Kampagne wird er von den Soldaten hart kritisiert (Snedeker Diary v. 24.5.1864).

 

Welles (Diary II 18) berichtet am 15.4.1864 von einem vertraulichen Brief Admiral Porter's während der Red River Campaign; beide halten Banks nicht für einen General mit militärischer 'Capacity' und als völlig ungeeignet, für die von ihm inne gehabte Position. Welles sieht in Banks einen Schützling von Seward, der diesen rangmäßig Benjamin Butler überordnete. Welles schildert Banks als einen Demagogen, ungewöhnlich 'smart' und vermutete, Lincoln nehme an, Banks habe Präsidentschaftsabsichten und entsprechende Unterstützung. Nach Welles ist Banks weder ein tauglicher General noch Politiker. Nach Welles () beurteilt Gen. Halleck, Banks ebenfalls als ungeeignet.

 

Einige Monate nach Kriegsende schied Banks ehrenvoll aus der Armee aus; anschließend erneut Politiker, mehrere Legislaturperi­oden Abgeordneter im US-Congress.

 

Banks war nicht so ungeeignet, wie seine Kritiker ihn darstellen wollen, aber er war ohne Frage mehr Politiker als Soldat. Banks war persönlich sehr tapfer und ehrgeizig (Krick, Cedar Mountain, p. 5).

 

Photo:

- Krick: Cedar Mountain, p. 44

- Wood, W. J.: Civil War Generalship, p. 44

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Banks, Nathaniel P.: Papers (Illinois State Historical Library, Springfield / Illinois)

- Banks, Nathaniel Prentice: Papers, Library of Congress, Washington/DC: Official and personal correspondence, letterbooks, orders, reports, sketches, courts-martial records, commissions, discharges, muster rolls, intelligence reports, returns, clippings, scrapbooks, and miscellaneous items relating chiefly to the Shenandoah Valley Campaign of 1862, the 2d Manassas Campaign - particularly the Battle of Cedar Mountain - and the Red River campaigns of 1863 and 1864. Correspondents include John C. Fremont, Ulysses S. Grant, Henry W. Halleck, George B. McClellan, David D. Porter, William H. Seward, William T. Sherman, Franz Sigel, Edwin M. Stanton, and Lorenzo Thomas.

- Encyclopedia of the Civil War, p. 24

- Freeman: Lee's Lieutenants, p. 290 ff (Battle of Cedar Mountain)

- **Harrington, Fred Harvey: Fighting Politician: Major General N. P. Banks (Philadelphia, 1948)

- **Wood, W. J.: "Nathaniel Banks and the Advance to Cedar Mountain", in: Wood: Civil War Generalship, p. 43 ff

 

 

Baquet, Camille:

US-1stLt; Co. A, 1st Regiment New Jersey Infantry (National Park Soldiers M550 Roll 1; hier als 2ndLt genannt); zuvor 2nd Sergeant, Co. I, 16th Regi­ment Pennsylvania Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 5).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Baquet, Camille (Lt. Co. A, 1st NJ): History of the First Brigade, New Jersey Volunteers (MacCrellish & Quigley, State Printers, Trenton, 1910) (PDF-Datei, Archiv Ref, ameridownload 'New Jersey Brigade (Kearny) (Baquet)'

 

 

Baquet, Nicholas:

US-Pvt; Co. E, 49th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 6).

 

 

Barbee, Wilson J.:

CS-Pvt; Co. L, 1st Regiment Texas Infantry (National Park Soldiers M227 Roll 2). Mustered in 1.8.1861 at an age of 23 (Busey: Confederate Casualties at Gettysburg, p. 17).

 

At Gettysburg, Barbee served as Courier for MajGen John B. Hood (Hood's Division, I Corps Longstreet); sent by Hood to scout the Divisions right flank prior to its 22.7.1863 assault, Barbee was mentioned in LtCol Philipp *Work's (1st Texas Infantry) Battle report having exibited „great and striking gallantry“ during the engagement and was awarded the Southern Cross of Honor (Busey: Confederate Casualties at Gettysburg, p. 17).

 

Barbee was wounded on 2.7.1863 at Gettysburg during Hood's assault, received a Minnie ball wound in the right thigh (Busey: Confederate Casualties at Gettysburg, p. 17).

 

† kia 18.1.1864 near Dandridge, TN (Busey: Confederate Casualties at Gettysburg, p. 17).

 

 

 

 

Barber, Alonzo D.:

US-Corporal; Co. I, 55th Regiment Ohio Infantry (Osborn: Trials and Triumphs. The Record of the Fifty-Fifth Ohio Volunteer Infan­try, p. 92).

 

Photo:

Corporal Alonzo B. Barber (Osborn: Trials and Triumphs. The Record of the Fifty-Fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, p. 92)

 

 

Barber, Charles:

US-Pvt; Co. A, 104th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 6).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Barber, Charles: The Civil War letters of Charles Barber, private, 104th New York Volunteer Infantry / edited by Raymond G. Barber & Gary E. Swinson. Torrance, Calif.: G.E. Swinson, 1991. 248 p.: ill. 1861-1864. Includes bibliographical references (p. 225-228) and index.

 

 

Barber, Lucius W.:

US-Sergeant; Co C&D, 15th Regiment Illinois Infantry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 4).

 

10.5.1839 Java Village, Wyoming County/New York - † 12.3.1872 Riley, McHenry County/Illinois; beerd. Barber Cemetery, Riley, McHenry County/Illinois; Sohn von Humphrey Barber (1806-1874) und Maria Potter Barber (1811-1901) (www.findagrave. com, Abruf vom 15.10.2016).

 

Barber berichtet von illegalen Forages, darunter Diebstahl von Milch auf einer Farm in Tennessee. Some Illinois Soldiers, worried about inadequate Ration and convinced that fresh milk might relieve their chronic poor health, regularly stole it from ther milk cows of a Tennessee family (Grimsley: Hard Hand of War, p. 41).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barber, Lucius W.: Army Memoirs of Lucius W. Barber, Company "D", 15th Illinois Volunteer Infantry, May 24, 1861 to Sept. 30, 1865 (Chicago: The J. M. W. Jones Stationary and Printing Co., 1894)

 

 

Barbiere, Joseph:

CS-Major; General and Staff Officers, Non-Regimental Enlisted Men, CSA (National Park Soldiers M818 Roll 2); at first Captain, Co. A, 4th Re­giment Confederate Infantry (National Park Soldiers M818 Roll 2); also Captain Co. 2L, 42th Regiment Tennessee Infantry (National Park Soldiers M231 Roll 2).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barbiere, Joseph. Scraps from the Prison Table, at Camp Chase and Johnson 's Island. Doylestown, PA: W.W.H. Davis, 1868 [Re­printed, microfiche; includes prisoner roster]

 

 

Barbour, James:

CS-Major; im Frühjahr 1862 ADC in Ewell's Division (Pfanz: Ewell, p. 155).

 

 

Barclay, A. Tedford:

CS-1stLt; Co. I, 4th Regiment Virginia Infantry (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 3).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barclay, A. Tedford: Ted Barclay, Liberty Hall Volunteers: Letters From the Stonewall Brigade (1861-1864). (Natural Bridge Sta­tion, VA: Rockbridge Pub. Co., 1992)

 

 

Barclay, Theodore:

CS-Pvt; 4th Virginia Infantry;

 

In Dezember 1861 Teilnahme an Jackson's Versuch zur Zerstörung von Damm Nr. 5 am Chesapeake & Ohio Canal (Tanner: Stonewall in the Valley, p. 60 mit Anm. 75). Im Januar 1862 Soldat in Jackson's Headquarter's Guard während Stonewall Jackson's Expedition nach Bath und Romney (Tanner: Stonewall in the Valley, p. 78).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barclay, Theodore: Letters: unpublished wartime letters of Theodore Barclay, a member of the 4th Virginia Infantry; scattered da­tes. Rockbridge Historical Society, Lexington, Va.

 

 

Bard, John P.:

US-Captain; zunächst Sergeant u. 1stLt, Co. K, 13th Regiment, Pennsylvania Reserve Infantry (42nd Volunteers/1st Pennsylvania Rifles) (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 5).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bard, John P.: „The 'Old Bucktails,' 42d Regt. P.V. at the Battle of Gettysburg.“ Philadelphia Weekly Times, May 19, 1886

 

 

Bard, Robert:

US-Sergeant; Co. H, 123rd Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 5; Beardon: Humphreys Pennsylvania Division; in: Gallagher u.a.: Frede­ricksburg, p. 99).

 

 

Bardeen, Charles W.:

US-Musician; Co. D, 1st Regiment Massachusetts Infantry (National Park Soldiers M544 Roll 2).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bardeen, Charles W.: A Little Fifer's War Diary (Syracuse: C.W. Bardeen, Publisher, 1910).

 

 

Barham, William R.:

CS-First Lieutenant, Hankin's Company, Virginia Light Artillery (Surry Light Artillery) (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 3); zunächst First Ser­geant, Co. I, 13th Regiment Virginia Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 3); Spratley gehörte zunächst zur Surry Light Artillery, which was organized as infantry and assigned to Co. I, 3rd Regiment Virginia Infantry Anfang August 1861 (Jo­nes: Under the Stars and Bars: Surry Light Artillery of Virginia, p. 9, 11). Im Frühjahr 1862 war er Orderly Sergeant/First Sergeant der Einheit und wurde zum 3rd Lieutenant gewählt (Jo­nes: Under the Stars and Bars: Surry Light Artille­ry of Virginia, p. 32, 33).

 

 

Barker, Lorenzo A.:

US-Sgt; Co D. 66th Illinois Infantry

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barker, Lorenzo A. (Sgt, 66th Illinois): With the Western Sharpshooters: The Michigan Boys of Company D, 66th Illinois (Blue Acorn); 192 pp. Reprint of Barker's 1905 original with 40 Added Photos and a newly compiled brief history of the 66th Illinois high­lighted by excerpts from Barker's unpublished wartime diaries. This unit, originally designated the 14th Missouri Infantry and later the 66th Illinois came from the Great Lakes Region, and were famous for using the Henry Repeating Rifle.

 

 

Barksdale, William:

CS-BrigGen; Col 13th Regiment Mississippi Infantry (National Park Soldiers M232 Roll 2).

 

1821-1863; 21.8.1821 - † 3.7.1863 Gettysburg; Studium an den Universitäten von Nashville und Jura in Columbus / MS; Herausgeber des anti-abolitioni­stischen "Columbus Demokrat"; diente im Mexikanischen Krieg, wo er vom Private zum Captain avancierte; von 1853 bis 1861 Ab­geordneter im US-Congresses; kehrte kurz vor Kriegsbeginn nach Mississippi zurück und wurde Quartermaster-General der Army of Missis­sippi, anschließend als Colonel Kommandeur der 13th Mississippi Infantry (Farwell, By­ron: Ball's Bluff - A small Battle and Its Long Shadow, p. 32), mit der 13th Mississippi in 1st Bull Run und Ball's Bluff. BrigGen und Kommandeur der Barkdale’s Brigade während der Schlachten von Antietam (Sharpsburg) und South Mountain , Fredericksburg, wo er die Verzögerungskräfte vor Lee's Front in der Stadt kommandierte. Barksdale's Bri­gade verzögerte den US-Brückenschlag über den Rappahannock gegenüber der Stadt Fredericks­burg (Foote, Bd. 2, S. 26; Brooks: Marye's Heights, p. 41 ff.; Freeman: Lee's Lieu­tenants, 2: 333), die Barksdale's Brigade, bestehend aus 13th, 17th, 18th und 21st Mississippi Infantry (Alexander: Fighting for the Confederacy, p. 170, 578 Anm. 8). Im Battle von Gettysburg wurde Barksdale während Longstreet's Angriff auf den linken US-Flü­gel am 2.7.1863 (zum Angriff der Brigade Barksda­le Symonds: Gettysburg. A Battlefield Atlas, p. 56) tödlich verwundet, nachts von Soldaten der 13th Vermont Infantry ge­funden und geborgen, starb jedoch kurz darauf (Coffin, Nine Months to Gettysburg, p. 209).

 

In the Gettysburg Campaign 1863 Barkdale's brigade comprised 13th Mississippi, 17th Mississippi, 18th Mississippi and 21st Mississippi, total 1620 men, with losses 804, 49,6 % (Gottfried: Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 410).

 

On 2.7.1863, during the attack of his brigade on the Peach Orchard, sitting on his horse, Barksdale was shot through the left portion of his chest from behind, and wounded in both legs, as Col George Willard's brigade counterattacked at Plum Run Valley His left leg was broken below the knee by a bullet and the arch of his left foot destroyed by a case shot which knocked him from his horse. Due his severe wounds he was left on the field by his men and died on the morning of of 3rd July at the Jacob Hummelbaugh house on Ceme­tery Ridge. He was either buried in the yard of that house under a cherry tree south of the Taneytown Road or at General Gordon Meade's Headquarters at the Lydia Leister Farm. His body was subsequently disinterred to South Carolina by Chaplain William B. Owen of the 17th Mississippi and 9.1.1867 to Greenwood Cemetery in Jackson/MS (Busey: Confederate Casualties at Gettysburg, p. 5).

 

Photo:

- Brooks: Marye's Heights, p. 47

 

Documents/Literature:

- Gottfried: Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 410-416

 

 

Barlow, Francis C.:

US-MajGen; 19.10.1834 – † 11.1.1896; was a lawyer, politician, and Union General during the American Civil War. Barlow was born in Brooklyn, New York, the son of a Unitarian minister, but was raised in his mother's home town of Brookline, Massachusetts. He studied law at Harvard University, graduated first in his class, and was practicing law on the staff of the New York Tribune newspaper when the Civil War broke out in 1861 (wikipedia: Stichwort Francis C. Barlow).

 

In April 1861, Barlow enlisted as a private in the 12th Regiment, New York State Militia, leaving behind his new bride, Arabella Wharton Griffith Barlow, ten years his senior, after one day of marriage. He was commissioned a first lieutenant in his first month of service. His regiment had only a three-month term of enlistment and he mustered out with his men, but soon found a new regiment. By November he was a lieutenant colonel in the 61st New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and by the time of the Peninsula Cam­paign in the spring of 1862, he became its colonel. Barlow saw his first action at the Battle of Seven Pines as part of the brigade com­manded by Brig. Gen. Oliver O. Howard in the II Corps of the Army of the Potomac. At Glendale, in the Seven Days Battles, his re­giment became separated from the rest of the brigade; and he exercised personal initiative by advancing his men to the sound of the fighting, encountering a Confederate battle line and leading his men in a bayonet charge against it. The enemy fled, and Barlow picked up a fallen Confederate flag. At the Battle of Malvern Hill, Barlow and his men successfully defended the line against repea­ted Confederate assaults (wikipedia: Stichwort Francis C. Barlow).

 

At the Battle of Antietam, commanding the 1st Brigade, 1st Division, II Corps, Barlow's men were in the center of fighting at the in­famous sunken road ("Bloody Lane") and captured about 300 prisoners. He was wounded by an artillery shell in the face and by gra­peshot in the groin. Brig. Gen. John C. Caldwell wrote about Barlow in his official report: „Whatever praise is due to the most distin­guished bravery, the utmost coolness and quickness of perception, the greatest promptitude and skill in handling troops under fire, is justly due to him. It is but simple justice to say that he has proved himself fully equal to every emergency, and I have no doubt that he would discharge the duties of a much higher command with honor to himself and benefit to the country (John C. Caldwell, Official report from the Battle of Antietam).

 

Two days after the battle, Barlow was promoted to brigadier general of volunteers. He was an unusual general, slight of build with a peaceful, boyish face, colorless cheeks without a typical general's beard, and a thin voice. He dressed informally, often wearing a "checked flannel lumberjack shirt" under an unbuttoned uniform coat. One of General George G. Meade's staff officers wrote that he looked "like a highly independent mounted newsboy." But Barlow had a reputation as an aggressive fighter with strong personal con­fidence. Rather than carrying the Army-issued officer sword, he wore a heavy enlisted man's cavalry saber, which he used to whack the backsides of stragglers. (His disdain for stragglers became a personal obsession. His columns on the march would be followed by a company in skirmish line with fixed bayonets to move them along) (wikipedia: Stichwort Francis C. Barlow).

 

Barlow suffered from his Antietam wound for months, becoming emaciated and suffering from what doctors called an "influence of malaria." Although he was not fully recovered, he returned to the Army in April 1863 and commanded the 2nd Brigade, 2nd Divisi­on, XI Corps, at the Battle of Chancellorsville. There, his corps was subjected to the devastating flank attack of Lt. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson that routed it, but Barlow's brigade had been detached to support the III Corps and thus escaped the humiliation. After the battle, General Howard promoted Barlow to command of the 1st Division, XI Corps, replacing its wounded commander, with orders to restore the fighting qualities of its defeated brigades. Barlow immediately angered his men by arresting the popular Col. Leopold von Gilsa, and they considered him a "petty tyrant." (wikipedia: Stichwort Francis C. Barlow).

 

In July 1863, Barlow commanded his unhappy division at the Battle of Gettysburg (1st Div XI Corps), where he led them to a defensive position on Blo­cher's Knoll, which is now known as Barlow's Knoll. Unfortunately, this slight rise in the terrain was too far forward in comparison to the other XI Corps division, that of Maj. Gen. Carl Schurz; and Barlow's position formed a salient that could be attacked from multiple sides. Maj. Gen. Jubal Early's division overwhelmed Barlow's division, causing serious losses and Barlow himself was wounded and left for dead on the field. He was found and cared for by Confederate Brig. Gen. John B. Gordon, who sent him to a field hospital. According to an account written by Gordon in 1901, he allowed Barlow's wife Arabella to enter the Confederate camp to tend to her wounded husband, but this account is deemed apocryphal. The popular story continued that Gordon presumed Barlow had died and that both men met years later, being very surprised each was still alive. An examination of Barlow's subsequent war re­cord makes this story very unlikely (wikipedia: Stichwort Francis C. Barlow).

 

Die Division Early aus Ewell's CS-Corps griff am 1.7.1863 aus nordwestlicher Richtung nach Süden entlang der Harrisburg Road an. Early had planned a cannonade as preparation of an attack on the extreme right flank of the Union line (gehalten von Howard's XI Corps). Diese führte zu einem heavy cross fire with twelve guns on Howard's battle line. Gordon's Brigade was in the lead of Early's Angriff, geführt zur Unterstützung der voraus geworfenen Brigade Doles, deren Skirmishers von den US-Truppen geworfen worden waren, worauf sich Doles' Brigade zum Rückzug gezwungen sah. Bei der Annäherung an die US-Linien stellte Gordon fest, daß the right flank of the forces attacking Doles was protected by what proved to be von Gilsa's First Brigade of Barlow's Division, 1300 strong. It occupied the crest of a wooden knoll northwest of the road and curled around its lower edges (Coddington: Gettysburg Campaign, p. 291). Since then, the battle spot has been called 'Barlow's Knoll'. Nowadays no longer wooded, it is easily seen from the Heidlersburg (Harrisburg) Road about a mile north of the center of town (Coddington: Gettysburg Campaign, p. 697 n27).

 

Hierzu heißt es bei http://www.historynet.com/general-barlow-and-general-gordon-meet-on-blochers-knoll.htm:

What happened to Francis Barlow in the next hour as his division fled and the Confederates came upon him became the subject of one of the great romantic legends of the Civil War. The story of his presumed experiences was cited as evidence of mutual respect and comradeship across the battle lines and was pressed into the cause of national reconciliation after Reconstruction. The first pu­blished version of the story, which probably originated with General Gordon, was in print in a Georgia newspaper by 1879. Over time, the account was elaborated with extended dialogue and detail. The basic story, as printed in 1879, went that as Barlow’s divisi­on withdrew toward Culp’s Hill, Gordon rode forward with his men and spied Barlow lying on the ground badly wounded. Gordon stopped, dismounted and gave Barlow a drink from his canteen.

 

The Confederate then inquired Barlow’s name and, assuming he would not survive, asked if he had any final requests. ‘I shall probab­ly live but a short time,’ the badly wounded Yankee replied. ‘Please take from my breast pocket the packet of my wife’s letters and read one of them to me.’ Gordon complied, after which Barlow asked that he destroy the letters, as he did not want them to fall into anyone else’s hands. Gordon tore up the missives and inquired if there was anything else he could do for his grievously stricken enemy. Barlow replied affirmatively. ‘My wife is behind our army,’ he explained. ‘Can you send a message through the lines?’ ‘Cer­tainly I will,’ Gordon replied, and directed that Barlow be carried off to the shade of a tree in the rear.

 

Later in the day Gordon succeeded in getting word to the Army of the Potomac that Barlow was badly wounded and asked that his wife be informed. Despite all professional prognostications, Barlow recovered from his wound and went on to play a major role in the ferocious fighting of Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant’s Overland campaign and the siege of Petersburg in 1864. The story then proceeds to a heartwarming conclusion. According to the popular account, Gordon simply assumed Barlow had died. Barlow later heard that a General Gordon had died and was certain this was his Gettysburg Samaritan, though it was actually Gordon’s cousin, Brig. Gen. Ja­mes B. Gordon, who was killed at Meadow Bridge, Va. The story of the Barlow-Gordon encounter ended with the unexpected mee­ting of the two former opponents at a dinner party hosted by Democratic Congressman Clarkson N. Potter in 1879. Upon being intro­duced to each other, Gordon said (here again, the exchange became more elaborate in later versions), ‘General Barlow, are you rela­ted to the officer of your name who was killed at Gettysburg?’ ‘I am the man,’ Barlow replied. ‘Are you related to the Gordon who is supposed to have killed me?’ ‘I am the man,’ Gordon said. The two officers expressed mutual surprise and fell into hearty conversati­on, beginning a friendship that would endure until Barlow’s death in 1896.

 

The Gordon-Barlow story appealed to late Victorian sentimentality and the prevailing desire to heal the wounds of the war. It was fre­quently reprinted and became even more elaborate in some later accounts. A rendition with extended chivalric dialogue appeared in McClure’s Magazine in the 1880s. That version was reprinted in Campfire and Battlefield, a popular history published in 1894. Yet another variant appeared in James A. Scrymser’s 1915 book In Times of Peace and War, in which both Early and Gordon discover Barlow lying on the battlefield. In that account, Gordon asked whether something should be done for him, to which Early responded, ‘No, he is too far gone.’ On hearing this, Barlow raised himself up, somehow recognized the Confederate division commander, and shaking his fist vowed, ‘General Early I will live to lick you yet, damn you.’ This alleged exchange was repeated in the volume New York State issued in 1923 to commemorate the unveiling of a statue of Barlow on what had been renamed from Blocher’s to Barlow’s Knoll.

 

But it was the tender encounter between Gordon and Barlow that continued to evoke the most interest. The exchange was accepted and repeated, apparently without contradiction or challenge into the 1970s. James Montgomery’s The Shaping of a Battle: Gettys­burg (1959) recounted the battlefield meeting, including all the sentimental Victorian dialogue. Ezra Warner’s Generals in Blue (1964) contains a brief mention of the story.

 

In 1985 William F. Hanna challenged the accepted truth about Barlow’s fate at Gettysburg in his article ‘A Gettysburg Myth Explo­ded’ that appeared in Civil War Times Illustrated. Hanna charged that no such meeting had occurred, and made a strong case to sup­port his thesis. Since that time, it has become common to consign the Barlow-Gordon encounter to the category of fable“.

 

As the Confederates retreated from Gettysburg on July 4, Barlow was left behind and recovered by Federal forces. He was hospitali­zed for a lengthy period and could not return to the Army until April 1864, just in time for Lt. Gen.Ulysses S. Grant's Overland Campaign. He commanded the 1st Division of Maj. Gen. Winfield S. Hancock's II Corps, at the Battle of the Wilderness. At Spotsylvania Court House, his division incorporated shock tactics developed by Col. Emory Upton to quickly assault the rebel ent­renchments in the "Mule Shoe", effecting a breakthrough that could be exploited by reinforcements. Hand-to-hand fighting ensued for 21 hours, the longest hand-to-hand combat in the entire war, before Barlow's division finally broke through. On December 12, 1864, President Abraham Lincoln nominated Barlow for the award of the brevet grade of major general, to rank from August 1, 1864, for his leadership at the Battle of Spotsylvania, and the U.S. Senate confirmed the award on February 14, 1865.[5]He fought at the Battle of Cold Harbor and the Siege of Petersburg in the same command. At Petersburg, Barlow took another sick leave in July, but he returned to the army on April 6, 1865. He took command the 2nd Division, II Corps during the Appomattox Campaign in time for the Battle of Sayler's Creek. Barlow was appointed major general of volunteers on May 26, 1865, to rank from May 25, 1865, but the promotion was not confirmed by the U.S. Senate until February 23, 1866, after the war was over and Barlow had resigned from the army (wikipedia: Stichwort Francis C. Barlow).

 

Barlow was one of only a few men who entered the Civil War as enlisted men and ended it as general.

 

Arabella Barlow, serving as an Army nurse, died of typhus on July 27, 1864, while Francis was battling in the Overland Campaign. After the war, he married Ellen Shaw, sister of Col. Robert Gould Shaw. Leaving the army on November 16, 1865, Barlow served as a United States Marshal and the New York Secretary of State and New York State Attorney General, prosecuting the Boss Tweed ring, before he returned to his law practice. As U.S. Marshal for the Southern District of New York, during May–July 1869 Barlow prosecuted Cuban independence rebels for violating the Neutrality Act and disbanded the filibuster expeditions on the Pe­rit, Quaker City, and Whitingsteamers. He was a founder of the American Bar Association. He was active in Republican politics and investigated the 1876 presidential election, the Hayes-Tilden election, for irregularities. Barlow died of Bright's disease in New York City on January 11, 1896. He was buried in Walnut Street Cemetery in Brookline, Massachusetts (wikipedia: Stichwort Francis C. Barlow).

 

Photo:

- Francis C. Barlow (Library of Congress)

 

Documents/Literature:

- Barlow, Francis C.: „Fear Was Not in Him“: The Civil War Letters of Major General Francis C. Barlow, USA (Christian G. Samito, ed. New York: Fordham University Press, 2004)

 

 

Barlow, F. C.:

demokratischer Politiker aus New York; Wahlkampfmanager 1864 von George McClellan 1864

 

 

Barlow, Leland O.:

US-Corporal, Co. E, 16th Regiment Connecticut Infantry (National Park Soldiers M535 Roll 1). Residence Granby, Conn., mustered in 5.8.1862 (Morse: Catalogue of Connecticut Volunteer Organizations p. 560).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barlow, Leland O.: Letter to sister, 19.9.1862, Antietam National Battlefield

 

 

Barlow, Samuel L. M.:

US-Politiker, Demokratische Partei, Lawyer aus New York, Railroad Executive (McClellan: Civil War Papers, S. 3). Barlow, konser­vativer Demokrat, war einer der entschiedensten Verfechter der Überzeugung, daß nur Kooperation mit dem Süden zum Erfolg füh­ren werden (Nevins: The Improvised War, p. 24).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barlow, Samuel L. M.: Barlow Papers (Huntington Library, Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville: Manuscript Resources for the Civil War)

 

 

Barnard, John Gross:

US-MajGen; 19.5.1815 - † 14.5.1882

 

während der 1st Manassas Campaign im Juli 1861 war Major Barnard Engineer im Stab von McDowell's Army of the Potomac (Da­vis: Battle of Bull Run, p. 101). BrigGen 21.12.1861;

 

John Gross Barnard (May 19, 1815 – May 14, 1882) was a career engineering officer in the U.S. Army, serving in the Mexican-Ame­rican War, as the Superintendent of the United States Military Academy and as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He served as Chief Engineer of the Army of the Potomac, 1861 to 1862, Chief Engineer of the Depart­ment of Washington from 1861 to 1864, and as Chief Engineer of the armies in the field from 1864 to 1865. He also was a distin­guished scientist, engineer, mathematician, historian and author (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_G._Barnard).

 

John G. Barnard was born into a large and gifted family in Sheffield, Massachusetts. His brother, Frederick Augustus Porter Bar­nard was a longtime educator and president of Columbia University and namesake of Barnard College in New York City. Both John and Frederick, as well as most members of their family, suffered from a hereditary form of deafness which intensified in later years. In early life, when stationed in New Orleans, Barnard married Jane Elizabeth Brand, of Maryland, with whom he had four children. In 1860, he married Anna E. Hall of Harford County, Maryland, with whom he had three children (https://en. Wikipe­dia.org/wiki/John_G._Barnard).

 

In 1833, at the age of 18, Barnard graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, second in a class of forty-three cadets. As one of the top graduates of his class, he was posted as a Second Lieutenant in the United States Army Corps of Engineers, embarking on a 48-year career in that branch. Barnard's first assignment after being commissioned was as an assistant to Colonel Joseph G. Totten in constructing Fort Adams in Newport, Rhode Island from 1833 to 1834. Totten was the foremost Ameri­can military engineer of his day and served as Chief Engineer of the Army for much of Barnard's career. There two formed a close friendship as evidenced by Barnard's extensive eulogy of Totten which was published in 1866 (https://en. Wikipedia.org/wiki/ John_G._Barnard).

 

Throughout his career, Barnard served on many garrison and fortification details, most notably participating in the construction of coastal defenses at Fort Columbus/Fort Jay, Fort Hamilton and Fort Wadsworth in New York City, New Orleans,  Pensacola, Mobi­le, Fort Livingston/Louisiana, Fort Jackson/Louisiana, Fort St. Philip/Louisiana and on the Pacific Coast at San Francisco. During the Mexican-American War, he headed the construction of American defenses at the captured Mexican port of Tampico, ensuring that city's safety as a vital supply line for American forces advancing on Mexico City. He also worked on the survey of Mexican-Ameri­can War battlefields. and as Chief Engineer for the Exploration and Survey of the projected Tehuantepec Railroad in Mexico, in 1850–1851. From May 31, 1855 through September 8, 1856, Barnard served as the Superintendent of the United States Military Aca­demy, succeeding Robert E. Lee. He then returned to work on coastal defenses, especially in the New York and New Jersey area. Du­ring a leave of absence, he studied construction projects in Europe

 

Soon after the outbreak of the Civil War, U.S. Army commander Major General and Brevet Lieutenant General Winfield Scott, bea­ring in mind Barnard's success at defending his Tampico-based supply lines during the Mexican-American War, assigned then Major Barnard to the Department of Washington. This was the Union Army unit in charge of defending Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. On April 28, 1861, Colonel Joseph K. Mansfield, the department commander, a former engineer himself, attached Bar­nard to his headquarters as chief engineer. When the Union Army moved into Northern Virginia on May 24, 1861, Barnard oversaw the erection of fortifications on the Arlington hills. He also accompanied the Army to Manassas in July 1861 and was present at the Union defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run (Manassas). Between June 1861 and September 1861, Barnard also served on the U.S. Navy's Blockade Strategy Board. Major General George B. McClellan assumed command of the Military Division of the Potomac, the troops around Washington, D.C. on July 23, 1861. On August 15, 1861, McClellan was appointed to the command of the Army and Department of the Potomac, and Barnard became chief engineer of the Military District of Washington. As McClellan formulated his thoughts for fortifications around Washington, D.C., Barnard planned, designed and oversaw their construction (https://en. Wiki­pedia.org/wiki/ John_G._Barnard).

 

On September 23, 1861, President Abraham Lincoln appointed Barnard to the grade of brigadier general, U.S. Volunteers, to rank from September 23, 1861. Lincoln formally nominated Barnard as brigadier general on December 21, 1861 and the U.S. Senate con­firmed the promotion on March 24, 1862. Barnard was Engineer for the Army of the Potomac between August 20, 1861 and August 16, 1862. He participated in the Peninsula Campaign and directed the siege works at Yorktown, Virginia of offensive and defensive works on the Chickahominy River. On the march to Harrison's Landing on the James River, he reconnoitered and selected positions for the Battle of Gaines Mill, the passage of White Oak Swamp and the Battle of Malvern Hill. After the conclusion of his work in that campaign, he again was engaged in working on the defenses of Washington as chief engineer of the Department of Washington until May 1864. He had certain additional special assignments such as devising the defenses of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania during this period. Upon the death of the Chief of the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Brigadier General Joseph Totten, on April 22, 1864, Presi­dent Lincoln nominated Barnard to be the next Chief of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineer at the grade of brigadier general, U.S. Army, but Barnard immediately asked that the nomination be withdrawn. Barnard was Engineer XXII Corps, Department of Wa­shington, between February 2, 1863 and May 25, 1864. Between May 25, 1864 and June 5, 1864, he was Chief Engineer for the Army of the Potomac. He was on the staff of General Ulysses S. Grant in the Overland Campaign between June 5, 1864 and July 4, 1864. On July 4, 1864, President Lincoln nominated and the U. S. Senate confirmed the award to General Barnard of the honorary rank of brevet major general, U.S. Volunteers, to rank from July 4, 1864 for "Meritorious and Distinguished Services during the Re­bellion." Barnard was appointed Chief Engineer of the armies in the field with his appointment to General Grant's staff. He remained in this position during the Siege of Petersburg, including the capture of Fort Harrison, the Battle of Hatcher's Run and the final assault on Petersburg, until the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia at Appomattox, Virginia on April 9, 1865. General Bar­nard served in the honor guard for President Lincoln's funeral in April 1865.[13] He was mustered out of the U.S. Volunteers on Ja­nuary 15, 1866 (https://en. Wikipedia.org/wiki/ John_G._Barnard).

 

On April 10, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated and on May 4, 1866 the U.S. Senate confirmed the award to Barnard of the honorary grade of brevet brigadier general, USA, (Regular Army) to rank from March 13, 1865 for "Gallant and Meritorious Service in the Campaign terminating with the Surrender of the Insurgent Army under Gen. R. E. Lee."[24] On July 17, 1866, President John­son nominated and on July 23, 1866 the U.S. Senate confirmed the award to Barnard of the honorary grade of brevet major general, USA, to rank from March 13, 1865 "for Gallant and Meritorious Services in the Field during the Rebellion." (https://en. Wikipe­dia.org/wiki/ John_G._Barnard).

 

Barnard was promoted to colonel in the Regular Army on December 28, 1865 and continued his career in the Army Corps of Engi­neers until January 1881 https://en. Wikipedia.org/wiki/ John_G._Barnard).

 

Photo:

MajGen John G. Barnard (Brady National Photographic Art Gallery, Washington, D.C.; Library of the Congress)

 

Documents/Literatur:

- Barnard, John Gross: Papers; Duke University, Special Collections Library, Durham, NC

 

 

Barnard, John M.:

US-Sergeant; Co. A, 72nd Regiment Indiana Mounted Infantry (National Park Soldiers M540 Roll 4; Castel: Decision in the West, p. 350; Evans: Sherman's Horsemen, p. 489n43).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barnard, John M.: Letters (Indiana Historical Society, Springfield / Indiana)

 

 

Barnes, Henry M.:

US-Drummer; Co D, 34th Regiment Illinois Infantry; mustered in as musician (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 7).

 

Bruder von Melzar M. *Barnes; Henry M. Barnes died of disease at Ackworth, Georgia, on June 24, 1864.

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Hutcheson, Roy G.: Diary, 1837, 1845, and letters, 1864-1865; 14 items. The collection also includes a letter from Private Henry M. Barnes dated March 12, 1864, at Chattanooga, Tennessee (Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville: Manuscript Resources for the Civil War, Compiled by Kim Allen Scott, 1990)

 

 

Barnes, James:

US-MajGen; 28.12.1801 - † 12.2.1869; Barnes was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He attended the Boston Latin School and gradua­ted from the USMA in 1829, in the same class as Robert E. Lee. However, at age 28 he was older than most West Point cadets upon completion, and placed fifth out of 46 cadets. He was then commissioned a brevet second lieutenant in the 4th U.S. Artillery, but spent most of his army service as an instructor of tactics and French at the Academy (wikipedia, Stichwort James Barnes, Abruf vom 5.5.2016).

 

Barnes married Charlotte Adams Sanford in 1832 (sister of John F. A. Sanford). After the birth of his second son, John Sanford Bar­nes, he resigned his commission on July 31, 1836, to become a railroad civil engineer and by 1839 he was superintendent of the Wes­tern Railroad, a job he would hold for 22 years (wikipedia, Stichwort James Barnes, Abruf vom 5.5.2016).

 

On July 26, 1861, Barnes was commissioned a colonel in the 18th Massachusetts Infantry. He and his regiment joined the Army of the Potomac during the Peninsula Campaign, but saw no combat. During the Seven Days Battles the 18th was assigned to guard duty in the rear, and again Barnes saw no combat. His brigade commander, Brig. Gen. John Martindale, was relieved of command after the Battle of Malvern Hill and Barnes became the new commander of the 1st Brigade, 1st Division, V Corps on July 10, 1862. For rea­sons unrecorded, Barnes was not present with his brigade at the Second Battle of Bull Run and although the V Corps marched to the Battle of Antietam, it was left in reserve and once again saw no action. However, during Lee's retreat back to Virginia, Barnes saw his first combat when his brigade was attacked by the rearguard of the Confederate Army, resulting in over 200 men shot or drowned in the Potomac River and over 100 more captured (wikipedia, Stichwort James Barnes, Abruf vom 5.5.2016).

 

At the Battle of Fredericksburg in December, Barnes distinguished himself for the first time, leading his brigade in one of the final assaults against Confederate positions on Marye's Heights. His division commander wrote after the battle, "James Barnes ... is entit­led to special notice for his coolness, energy, and marked ability." On April 4, 1863, Barnes was promoted to brigadier general, U.S. Volunteers, with date of rank established as November 29, 1862. At the Battle of Chancellorsville in May, Barnes' brigade was not heavily engaged. Late in the battle, his division commander, Brig. Gen. Charles Griffin, fell ill and Barnes assumed command of the 1st Division on May 5, 1863 (wikipedia, Stichwort James Barnes, Abruf vom 5.5.2016).

 

Zu Beginn der Gettysburg Campaign 1863 Barnes' division camped at Union Mills, Maryland, on its way to Pennsylvania, where the Battle of Gettysburg would turn out to be the most significant action in his career. The new division commander, now 61 years old (older than any other Union gene­ral present except Brig. Gen. George S. Greene), arrived early on the morning of the second day, July 2, 1863, with the rest of the V Corps. During the massive Confederate assault on the Union left flank that afternoon, one of Bar­nes' brigades, under Col. Strong Vin­cent, was diverted to defend the flank at Little Round Top. The brigade performed magnificently, but Barnes had essentielly nothing to do with its actions or the decision to send it there (wikipedia, Stichwort James Barnes, Abruf vom 5.5.2016). Bar­nes' placed his two brigades, during a lull in the fighting in line on a stony hill west of the Wheatfield, about 5:30 p.m. Almost im­mediately another Rebel assault hit this portion of the Federal line. Vincent's brigade of Barnes's division reached Little Round Top about five o'clock and was immediately assailed by portions of Law's and Robertson's brigades (Sauers: Gettysburg: The Meade-Sickles Controversy, p. 172n35).

 

Barnes did get personally involved with his other two brigades, who were sent to reinforce the Union line in the Wheatfield, and here his career took a fatal downward turn. He was criticized after the battle for withdrawing his two brigades under Colonels Jacob B. Sweitzer and William S. Tilton 300 yards back from the Wheatfield without permission, despite protests from the generals on his flanks. When reinforcements from the II Corps arrived, Maj. Gen. David B. Birney gave orders for Barnes' men to lie down while the brigade of Brig. Gen. Samuel K. Zook marched over them. Sweitzer's brigade was sent into the Wheatfield, where it was attacked in the flank by another Confederate charge led by Brig. Gen. William T. Wofford. Aides could not find Barnes in the vicinity of his troops. Later that day, Barnes was wounded in the leg and although it healed, he would never return to combat duty (wikipedia, Stichwort Ja­mes Barnes, Abruf vom 5.5.2016).

 

After recovering from his wound, Barnes spent the remainder of the war on garrison duty in Virginia and Maryland. This included commanding the District of St. Mary's, Maryland, which contained the prisoner-of-war camp at Point Lookout, Maryland, in the Middle Department. He was mustered out of the volunteer service on January 15, 1866. On January 13, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated and on March 12, 1866 the U.S. Senate confirmed the award to Brigadier General Barnes of the honorary grade of brevet major general, U.S. Volunteers, to rank from March 13, 1865 (wikipedia, Stichwort James Barnes, Abruf vom 5.5. 2016).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Barnes, James (1801-1869) Gen., USA Letter, 1865; Library of Congress. 1 item. Letter from Barnes to Maj. Adam E. King, Feb. 2, 1865, Point Lookout, Md., reporting the location of a suspected Confederate blockade runner

- **Barnes, James: Papers. New York Historical Society, New York

- **Barnes, James: „The Battle of Gettysburg,“ New York Herald, March 21, 1864

- **Historicus: „The Battle of Gettysburg. Historicus in Reply to General Barnes and the Staff Officers of the Second and Fifth Corps. The Evidence Before the Committee on the Conduct of the War, &c., New York Herald, April 4, 1864

 

 

Barnes, James A.:

US-Pvt; Co. H, 86th Regiment Indiana Infantry (National Park Soldiers M540 Roll 4).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barnes, James, et. al.: The 86th Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry (Crawfordville / Indiana, 1895)

 

 

Barnes, James William:

CS-BrigGen (Texas State Troops); ++++ (Allardice: More Generals in Gray, p. 27)

 

Photo:

- Allardice, p. 27

 

 

Barnes, Joseph H.:

US-Col; Captain Co, K, 29th Regiment Massachusetts Infantry; than LtCol, Co. F&S (National Park Soldiers M544 Roll 2).

 

Während Grant's Vicksburg Campaign 1863 war Barnes Col 29th Massachusetts Infantry, 3rd Brigade Christ, 2nd Division Edward Ferrero, IX. Army Corps Parke (Bearss: Vicksburg, vol. III, S. 1146).

 

 

Barnes, Melzar E.:

US-Pvt; Co D, 34th Regiment Illinois Infantry; mustered in as musician (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 4).

 

Barnes was a musician serving in Company D, Thirty-fourth Illinois Infantry; Barnes' letters were sent from different locations in Tennessee, Georgia, and North Carolina while he accompanied forces under Lieutenant General William T. Sherman on his famous "march to the sea.". Bruder von Henry M. *Barnes

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Hutcheson, Roy G.: Diary, 1837, 1845, and letters, 1864-1865; 14 items. Nine letters in this collection, dated from April 28, 1864, to April 22, 1865, were written by Private Melzar E. *Barnes (Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville: Manuscript Resources for the Civil War, Compiled by Kim Allen Scott, 1990)

 

 

Barnes, Samuel Denham:

US-Captain; Co. D&H, 64th Regiment US-Colored Troops (National Park Soldiers M589 Roll 5); at first Sergeant, Co. C, 72nd Regiment Illinois Infantry, mustered in as Second Corporal (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 4).

 

1839-1916

 

Documents/Literature:

- Barnes, Samuel Denham: Papers and Diary, Library of Congress, Washington/DC, 1860-67, relating in part to Barnes' service in the 72d Illinois Volunteers, the 7th Louisiana Volunteers of African Descent, and the 64th U.S. Colored Infantry. Describes campaigns in Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Arkansas. Also includes a record of Barnes' correspondence.

 

 

Barnes, Spencer:

CS-Pvt; Co. F, 30th Regiment North Carolina Infantry (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 2).

 

 

Barnes, Myron S.:

US-LtCol, geboren 1824; enlisted in Rock Island am 1.8.1861 als LtCol; Verstärkung von Osterhaus 1st Division bei Oberson‘s Field eingesetzt (Shea / Hess: Pea Ridge, p. 121 mit Karte S. 108). Beförderung zum Col am 9.6.1862; Court Martial u.a. we­gen Befehls­verweigerung und entlassen 20.11.1862.

 

 

Barnes, Ruffin:

CS-Captain; Co. C, 43rd Regiment North Carolina Infantry; mustered in as 3rdLt (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 2).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Barnes, Ruffin, and Hugh Buckner Johnston. The Confederate Letters of Ruffin Barnes of Wilson County, North Carolina. Wilson, N.C.: [s.n.], 1953. Original letters are "now in the possession of the Hon. W.A. Lucas, of Wilson, North Carolina"—Leaf [1]. Types­cript (carbon copy)--with corrections written in. Includes the text of 21 letters written by Capt. Ruffin Barnes of Company C, 43rd North Carolina Infantry Regiment, plus one letter to him written by Jesse Watson.

- Barnes, Ruffin. Ruffin Barnes Civil War Letters. 1862. Three original letters and six transcriptions of letters from Ruffin Barnes, a Confederate soldier in the 43rd North Carolina Infantry. Barnes writes to his wife Mary A. Barnes and discusses generally his home­sickness, his plans to visit her, his diet, and his daily activities. In a 17 October 1862 letter, he mentions buying an expensive dress for her. He writes, "there is plenty of this Confederate money and it may be no count if I was to lay it all up." In a 26 October 1863 letter he discusses eating beef for nearly every meal and his longing for milk or vegetables. In an 18 July 1864 letter addressed from Har­pers Ferry, Barnes discusses marching to Sharpsburg, skirmishing with the 6th Yankee corps, and marching on "Washington city." In addition, Barnes writes that the unit had marched some 3,000 miles and that "our brigade is not as large now as it once was." He no­tes a decision not to attack Washington because "finding them so well fortified our Genl. commanding . . . thought he would make too grate [sic] a sacrifice of life to undertake to enter the town." In passing, Barnes also writes, "tell father that Bennett has got old Francis P. Blair's sword. He is United States Postmaster and a Black hearted notorious abolitionist."

- Barnes, Ruffin: „The Confederate Letters of Ruffin Barnes of Wilson County.“ North Carolina Historical Review XXXI (1964)

 

 

Barnes, William H.:

US-Pvt; Co. C, 7th Regiment US Colored Infantry (National Park Soldiers M589 Roll 5).

 

 

Barnes, William H.:

US-Pvt; Co. C, 38th Regiment US Colored Troops (National Park Soldiers M589 Roll 5; National Park Medal of Honor; Glatthaar: Forged in Battle, p. 275).

 

Medal of Honor 6.4.1865 for Chapin's Farm, VA on 29.9.1864: Among the first to enter the enemy's works, although wounded (National Park Medal of Honor; Glatthaar: Forged in Battle, p. 275).

 

Civil War Congressional Medal of Honor Recipient. He was a farmer before the war and enlisted in the Union Army on February 11, 1864. He joined Company C of the 38th United States Colored Infantry Regiment as a private. His enlistment papers gave his age as 23 which means he would have been born in 1840 or 1841, but other sources give his birth as 1845. His regiment was among a divi­sion of black troops at the Battle of Chaffin's Farm on September 29, 1864.Confederate Brigadier General John Gregg's Texas Briga­de threw up two lines of defense and a withering gunfire that killed, wounded, or captured half of the black troops. Barnes was woun­ded, but he was one of the first to enter the enemy's works and was awarded the Medal of Honor six months later and promoted to sergeant another three months later. After the war he remained in the army and traveled to Texas with his regiment. Unfortunately, he contracted tuberculosis and died in an army hospital at Indianola, Calhoun County, Texas, now a ghost town. A marker in his memory was placed in San Antonio National Cemetery, San Antonio, Texas (Bio by Tom Todd, www.findagrave.com, accessed 16.1.2019).

 

1845 St. Mary's County/Maryland - † 24.12.1866 Indianola, Calhoun County/Texas; Cenotaph St. Antonio/Texas (www.findagrave.com, acces­sed 16.1.2019).

 

 

Barnett, John A.:

US-1stLt; Co. A, 157th Regiment Indiana Infantry (National Park Soldiers M540 Roll 4). s. also 155th Indiana

 

 

Barnett, Joseph Hampton:

CS-Pvt; ?-1922; 4th Virginia Infantry; Träger des Southern Cross of Honor

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barnett, Joseph Hampton (?-1922): Medals, 1899-1916, n.d. 0.1 cu. ft. Confederate soldier of the 4th Virginia Regiment. Collec­tion contains the Southern Cross of Honor, reunion medals from Florida and Richmond, Virginia, and ribbons from the Grand Camps Confederate Veterans of Virginia reunions (Virginia Tech, Univ. Libraries, Special Collections: Civil War guide - Manuscript Sources for Civil War Research in the Special Collections Department of the Virginia Tech Libraries Ms79 - 001)

 

 

Barnitz, Albert:

US-Major; Co. F&S, 2nd Regiment Ohio Cavalry; mustered in as Sergeant (National Park Soldiers M552 Roll 5).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barnitz, Albert: Letters, diaries, and journals: 1857 – 1871 Papers relating to Albert's frontier and military life; Fort Leavenworth, Wallace, Larned, Harker, and Hays in KS; Kansas Indians; border troubles; military expeditions against the Indians; the Army of the Potomac; and Jennie's domestic and military life in KS and Ohio (Kansas Historical Society, Topeka/Kansas, MS 1021-1023

 

 

Barnhill, Griffith W.:

CS-Pvt, Co. C, 1st Regiment North Carolina Infantry (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 2); volunteered in January 30 1862 to fight on the Confederate side during the Civil War, serving with Company C, 1st Regiment of North Carolina State Troops known as the "Lillington Rifle Guards". Griffith was shot in Goldsboro, North Carolina, April 3, 1862 and died 5.4.1862 (http:// nccivil­war. lost­soulsgenealogy.com).

 

Geb. 1822 Bladen County / NC - † 5.4.1863 Goldsboro; Sohn von Alexander Barnhill und Darkis Philipps Barnhill; °° I Ella Jane Pridgen († vor Mai 1853); aus der Ehe stammen 2 Töchter und der Sohn Calvon (1851 - † err. 1863 im Alter von 12 J.); °° II Mai 1853 mit Eliza Jane Henry; aus der ehe stammen ¾ Kinder (widersprüchliche Angaben bei www.findagrave.com). Griffith was bu­ried in a small family cemetery, outside of the town of Atkinson on private farm land. His wife, Eliza Jane Henry Barnhill, their daughter Melissa Jane Barnhill and her husband Hanson M. Woodcock. The headstones were removed and are currently located in the Woodcock Cemetery located off Beatty's Bridge Road (www.findagrave.com).

 

 

Barnum, Henry A.:

US-++General;

 

 

Barnum, Joseph H.:

US-Captain; Co. B&H, 16th Regiment Connecticut Infantry (National Park Soldiers M535 Roll 1).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barnum, Joseph H.: Diary; Connecticut Historical society, Hartfort, Conn.

- **Gordon, Lesley J.: „Shurely They Remember Me“: The 16th Connecticut in War, Captivity, and Public Memory; in: Cimbala, Paul A. and Randall M. Miller [ed.]: Union Soldiers and the Northern Home Front. Wartime Experiences, Postwar Adjustments (Fordham University Press: New York, 2002), p. 327 ff.

- **Mitchell, Reid: The Vacant Chair: The Northern Soldier Leaves Home (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993). The author especially focused on the unpublished diaries of six men from the 16th Connecticut: Robert *Kellog, Oliver Gates, Joseph Barnum, Samuel Grosvenor, Charles Adams, and Ira Forbes (Gordon: „Shurely They Remember Me ...“in: Cimbala & Miller [ed.]: Union Soldiers and the Northern Home Front, p. 328n3)

 

 

Barnwell, Robert Woodward:

CS-Politiker of South Carolina; 1801-82; a graduate of Harvard, anschließend Präsident des South Carolina College (Ruffin Diary II S. 229 Anm. 13); twice a member of Congress (1829-33) and afterward (1850) United States Senator. 1860 nach der Sezessionserklä­rung von South Carolina war Barnwell einer der Commissioners, die mit Washington verhandelten wegen des US-Staats-Eigentums in South Carolina. Delegierter von South Carolina auf der Provisional Convention der pro-sezessionistischen Staaten, die im Februar 1861 in Montgomery / Alabama stattfand (Davis: A Government of Our Own, p. 45, 48; Eicher: Dixie Betrayed, p. 27). Barnwell war Mitglied der CS-Verhandlungsd­elegation über Fort Sumter mit Washington im Frühjahr 1861 (Crawford, Samuel Wylie: "The First Shot against the Flag"; in: Annals of the War, p. 320). Barnwell war Abgeordneter der Convention of Montgomery und gab die entschei­dende Stimme bei der Wahl von Jefferson Davis zum CS-Prä­sidenten gegen *Toombs ab (in der Abstimmung gegen Robert *Toombs) (Chestnut, Diary from Dixie, p. 10; 47). Von 1862-65 Mitglied des CS-Senats.

 

Cousin von Robert Barnwell Rhett Sr. (Davis: Government of our Own, p. 12).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Barnwell, Robert Woodward (1801-1882) C.S. Senator, South Carolina Letter, 1863; Library of Congress; 1 item. Letter from Barn­well to W. Thompson, Mar. 28,1863, Richmond Va., on proposed legislation against profiteering.

 

 

Barnwell, Robert W. jun.:

Neffe des CS-Politiker Robert W. Barnwell; Chaplain und Professor der Theologie und Moral-Philosophie am South Carolina Colle­ge; während des Krieges leistete Barnwell wertvolle Dienste beim Aufbau von Krankenhäusern in Virginia; gestorben im Dezember 1863 an typhoid fever (Ruffin Diary II 64 Anm. 6).

 

 

Barr, George W.:

US-Pvt, Co. C, 1st Iowa Cavalry (Aufschrift auf seinem Grabstein auf dem North Sixth Street Cemetery, Burlington, Des Moines County / Iowa [ Photo bei www.findagrave.com]).

 

1842 Pennsylvania - † 29.8.1929 Sacramento /CA; beerd. North Sixth Street Cemetery, Burlington, Des Moines County / Iowa (ww­w.findagrave.com).

 

Sein Military Record lautet: Barr, George. Age 19. Residence Kossuth, Iowa, Nativity Pennsylvania. Enlisted 14.7.1861. Mustered 31.7.1861. Mustered out 9.9.1864, Dawenport/Iowa, expiration of 3 year term of service (www.findagrave.com; Roster and Record of Iowa Soldiers in the War of the Rebellion , vol. 4, 1st-9th Regiments Cavalry, p. 31).

 

 

Barré, +++:

 

US-Captain; +++klären+++ (Glatthaar: The Common Soldiers Gettysburg Campaign, in: Boritt: The Gettysburg Nobody Knows, p. 26 iVm. S. 226n50).

 

† nach tödlicher Verwundung in Gettysburg 1./3.7.1863. Captain John Ames schreibt über seinen Tod. „I sent to bid good bye to Capt. Barré of our Regiment, but he was unsconcious, and he died half an hour after I saw him.“ Barré lived near family freinds, and had a wife and two children. Soldiers knew him for a beautiful singing voicde. Balls shattered his leg and arm and two more lodged near his spine. For a moment, he awoke and sang, „I wish I were a child, again, just for tonight“ (Glatthaar: The Common Soldiers Gettysburg Campaign, in: Boritt: The Gettysburg Nobody Knows, p. 26).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Ames, John: Papers, USMHI

 

 

Barrel, Charles L.:

US-1stLt; Co. C, 102nd Regiment US Colored Infantry; mustered in as 2ndLt, Co. F (National Park soldiers M589 Roll 5).at first Sergeant, Co. D, 17th Regiment Michigan Infantry (filed under 'Borrell') (National Park Soldiers M545 Roll 6).

 

Medal of Honor on 14.5.1891: for Camden/SC: Hazardous service in marching through the enemy's country to bring relief to his command (National Park Medal of Honor; Glatthaar: Forged in Battle, p. 275).

 

1.8.1842 Conquest, NY - † 18.4.1914 Leighton/Michigan, buried Hooker Cemetery, Wayland/Michigan (Military Times: Hall of Valor, accessed 16.1.2019). Barrel was a farmer in Leighton/Michigan, of white race (US-Volkszählung, Michigan 1870).

 

 

Barrett, Edwin S.:

US-Assistant Surgeon; Co. G. 5th Regiment Massachusetts Infantry (3 months, 1861) (Militia) Anm.: Barrett ist bei National Park Soldiers in der Regimentsliste nicht genannt; er selbst (Barret: What I Saw., p. 6) bezieht sich auf den verstorbenen Captain George L. Prescott, der Kompaniechef der Co. G, 5th Regiment Massachusetts Infantry (3 months, 1861) (Militia) war. Der Rang Barrett er­gibt aus S. 12 wo er seine Musterung als Assistant Surgeon schildert.

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barrett, Edwin S. (Assistant Surgeon; Co. G. 5th Regiment Massachusetts Infantry [3 months], 1861) [Militia]): What I Saw at Bull Run. An Address by Edwin S. Barrett delivered in the Town Hall, Concord Mass., July 21st 1886, on the 25th Anniversary of the Battle of Bull Run at the Reunion of the Veterans of Co. G (Concord Artillery) Fifth Regiment M.V.M. Captain George L. Prescott (Boston 1886)

 

 

Barrett, Jasper N.:

US-Pvt; Co. E, 76th Regiment Illinois Infantry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 5).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Barritt, Jasper N. (76th Illinois Volunteers): Papers 1862-65, Library of Congress: Chiefly letters from Barritt to his family written during campaigns in Arkansas, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Louisiana.

 

 

Barrett, Orvey S.:

US-2nd Lieutenant, Co. B, 4th Regiment Michigan Infantry (1st Organisation); Barrett trat als Fifth Sergeant in der Regiment ein (Na­tional Park Service M545 Roll 2).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barrett, Orvey S.: Reminiscenses, Incidents, Battles, Marches and Camp Life of the Old 4th Michigan Infantry in the War of the Re­bellion, 1861-1864 (Detroit: W. S. Ostler, 1888)

 

 

Barrett, Richard J.:

CS-Major, aus St. Louis; Bekannter Grant's aus dessen Vorkriegszeit in St. Louis; gefangengenommen von Nathaniel *Lyon beim Angriff auf *Camp Jackson / Mo.; ausgetauscht im September 1861; hierbei hielt er sich vorübergehend in Grant's Hauptquartier in Cairo auf, wo er von Grant begrüßt wurde. Barrett erfuhr bei diesem Aufenthalt von einem unmittelbar bevorstehenden Truppenbe­such Grant's in Cape Girardeau. Am nächsten Tag wurde ein US-Schiff nahe Cairo von CS-Truppen Barrett aufgebracht, und nach Grant durchsucht (Grant, Memoirs, S. 142).

 

 

Barrett, Samuel E.:

US-Captain; † 1912; Batteriechef Battery B 1st Illinois Light Artillery; die Battery gehörte im Frühjahr 1862 und im Battle of Shiloh zur Divisionsartillerie in 5th Division BrigGen William T. Sherman; am Morgen des 6.4.1862 eingesetzt gegen den CS-Durchbruch durch Sherman’s Front (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 160) westlich der Pittsburg-Corinth Road (Daniel: Shiloh, Karte S. 146). Hierbei schlug die Battery durch schwerem Canisterbeschuß den Angriff der 5th Tennessee Infantry zurück (Daniel: Shi­loh, p. 163 mit Karte S. 165). Nach dem Zusammenbruch der 3rd Brigade Hildebrand 5th Division Sherman mußte sich auch Barrett's Battery zurückziehen (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 171). Gegen 11:30 wurde Barrett's Battery von US-Artilleriechef Col Ezra Taylor in einem Artillerieschwerpunkt, der neun Geschütze umfaßte, im südlichen Teil von Jones Field gegen den bevorstehen­den CS-Durchbruch auf der rechten US-Front eingesetzt. Es kam zu einem Artillerieduell mit der CS-Artillery im nördlichen Woolf Field bestehend aus Cobb's Kentucky Battery sechs Geschützen und dem verbliebenen Geschütz von Polk's Battery. Nachdem sich die US-Artillery schließlich gegen 12:00 ver­schossen hatte, mußte sie zurückgenommen werden (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 186-188 mit Karte S. 187).

 

In der Nachkriegszeit war Barrett ein erfolgreicher Geschäftsmann (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 355n18).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Mollus / Illinois Commandary vol. 13D (1923), S. 91-94: "Samuel Eddy Barrett"

 

 

Barri, T.:

US-Captain; im Oktober 1862 Musterungsoffizier in Camp Douglas, Illinois (Dunbar: 93rd Indiana Infantry, p. 6).

 

 

Barritt, Jasper N.:

s. Jasper N. Barrett

 

 

Barrier, Rufus Alexander:

CS-LtCol; Co. F&S, 8th Regiment North Carolina Infantry; before Captain Co. H (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 2).

 

28.7.1836 Cabarrus County, NC - † 8.4.1876 Cabarrus County; buried Holy Trinity Lutheran Church Cemetery, Mount Pleasant, Ca­barrus County; Son of Mathias Barrier and 2nd wife Margaret Mitchel Barrier; Brother of Pvt William Lafayette *Barrier (www.findagrav­e.com, accessed 15.3.2019).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Barrier, Rufus Alexander: Dear father: Confederate letters never before published. Margate, Fla.: B.B. Troxler; No. Billerica, MA : B.D.B. Auciello, 1989. -148 leaves, [16] leaves of plates: 1861-1865. "Letters written to Mathias Barrier ... from his two sons, Rufus Alexander and William Lafayette Barrier." (Library of Congress, Washington, DC, no. E605.B26 1989

 

 

Barrier, William Lafayette:

CS-Sergeant; Co. H, 8th Regiment North Carolina Infantry (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 2) and Sergeant (later Pvt), Co. F, 1st Regiment North Carolina Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 2).

 

29.4.1834 Mount Pleasant, Cabarrus County, NC - † 17.5.1864 General Hospital, Richmond, died of wounds after being wounded by minnie ball through elbow fracturing humerus, 6.5.1864 during Wilderness Campaign Son of Mathias Barrier and 2nd wife Margaret Mitchel Barrier; Brother of LtCol Rufus Alexander *Barrier *Barrier (www.find­agrave.com, accessed 15.3.2019).

 

Promoted quartermaster sergeant in August 1862 and transferred to Co. H, 8th North Carolina Infantry, but declined the promotion and remained with the 1st Cavalry. Wounded by saber cut in the head on 3.7.1863 Gettysburg; Reduced to rank of Pvt on 15.7.1863. Son of Mathias Barrier and 2nd wife Margaret Mitchel Barrier; Brother of Pvt William Lafayette *Barrier (www.find­agrave.com, accessed 15.3.2019).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Barrier, Rufus Alexander: Dear father: Confederate letters never before published. Margate, Fla.: B.B. Troxler; No. Billerica, MA : B.D.B. Auciello, 1989. -148 leaves, [16] leaves of plates: 1861-1865. "Letters written to Mathias Barrier ... from his two sons, Rufus Alexander and William Lafayette Barrier." (Library of Congress, Washington, DC, no. E605.B26 1989

 

 

Barritt, Jasper N.:

s. Barrett

 

 

Barron, Samuel:

US-Navy-Captain; am 1.++++.1861 auf Befehl Lincoln's als Chief Detail Officer und Kommandeur in Pensacola eingesetzt. Barron stammte aus Virginia, seine Familie war mit der Familie von George E. Pickett befreundet (Longacre: Pickett, p. 53). Lin­coln ordnete am 1.4.1861 an, daß Barron anstelle von Kapitän Stringham das Bureau of Detail im Marineministerium übernehmen sollte, das mit der Planung zur Verstärkung von Fort Sumter beauftragt war (abgedruckt bei Welles, Diary I S. 17). Die Anweisung war vom Vertei­digungsminister Seward vorbereitet (von Army-Captain Meigs von handgeschrieben, das Postscript stammte von Navy Lt. David D. Porter) und von Lincoln ungelesen unterschrieben worden (Welles, Diary I S. 17/18). Hintergrund der Anord­nung war ein Plan Se­ward's, durch einen Konflikt mit dem Ausland das Nationalgefühl zu stärken, um hierdurch die Sezession zu be­enden. Hierzu sollten die US-Kräfte bei Fort Pickens verstärkt werden. Dieser Plan war Marineminister Welles nicht bekannt, die An­ordnung stellte zudem einen massiven Eingriff des Verteidigungsministeriums in Angelegenheiten des Marineministeriums dar (Anderson: By Sea and by River, S. 22). US-Marineminister Gideon Welles versuchte Lincoln's Anordnung zu ändern und war über sie sehr verärgert. Barron's Loyalität galt auf grund seiner südlichen Herkunft als zweifelhaft, Lincoln zog seine Anordnung auf Vor­halt von Welles' zurück (An­derson: By Sea and River, p. 21/22; auch Niven: Gideon Welles, p. 328, 330, 331; Welles, Diary I S. 17). Welles' Vorsicht war zutref­fend. Barron (Anführer einer sezessionistischen Gruppe im US-Navy-Department, ein enger Freund von David Dixon *Porter, die beide Favoriten von Jefferson Davis waren [ Welles, Diary I S. 19]) trat kurz dar­auf aus der US-Navy aus und schloß sich dem Süden an (Longacre, p. 53 m.w.N.). In der CS wurde Barron zum Commo­dore befördert und eroberte bereits im Juli 1861 drei Schiffe als Prisen (Chestnut, Diary from Dixie, S. 102). Barron wurde bald darauf kriegsgefangen (Chestnut, p. 124; Anderson, p. 50; OR.6:120).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barron, Samuel (Captain): Report, 11 Calender Virginia State Papers, S. 167-70 (Freeman: Robert E. Lee, 1: 521 Anm. 51)

 

 

Barron, Samuel B.:

CS-Sergeant später Lieutenant; 1835-+++; aus Cherokee County, Ost-Texas; 3rd Texas Cavalry (Hale: Third Texas Cavalry, p. 3)

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barron, Samuel B.: The Lone Star Defenders: A Chronicle of the Third Texas Cavalry, Ross' Brigade. New York and Washington, D.C.: Neale, 1908 (Reprint. Waco: W. M. Morrison Press, 1964 und reprint, Washington DC, 1983)

- Evans: Sherman's Horsemen, p. 261, 263, 284, 421, 450, 451, 583 n 24

 

 

Barron, Wesley:

US-Musician; Co. B, 160th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 7).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Barron, Wesley: Discharge Document, Library of Congress, Washington/DC; Document, 1865. 1 item. Discharge, Nov. 1, 1865, si­gned by Capt. Henry S. Wood and Lt. John W. Pritchard.

 

 

Barry, William Farqrhar:

US-BrigGen; West Point ++++;

 

Barry, who started the war as a captain in the 2nd US-Artillery Regiment, was after the battle of Bull Run 1861 one of the board of three who produced the standard manual for US artillery und suggested the new standards of artillery organization (Katcher: Civil War Artille­ry vol. 1, p. 6-7).

 

 

Chief of Artillery der Army of the Potomac ab dem Spätjahr 1861 (Nevins: Col Wainwright, p. 5, 59) und während McClellan's Pen­insular Campaign (Dowdey, Seven Pines, p. 46). Barry war Artilleriechef in Sherman’s Armee während des Marsches auf Atlanta und dessen Fortsetzung zur See (Hitchcock, Henry: Marching with Sher­man, p. 20)

 

 

Barry, William Taylor Sullivan:

CS-Col und Politiker; 10.12.1821 Columbus / Mississippi - 29.1.1868 Columbus; graduated Yale University 1841; Rechtsanwalt und Planter bei Columbus; Mitglied der Democratic Party; 1850 Abgeordneter im Mississippi Parlament; 1853 im US-Congress; wieder­gewählt 1854 ins Mississippi Parlament; Speaker des Parlaments 1855; Mitglied des Mississippi Delegation auf der Charleston De­mocratic Convention 1860 zur Frage der Sklavenhaltung; Präsident der Mississippi Secession Convention vom 7.1.1861 (Davis: A Governm­ent of Our Own, p. 15). Abgeordneter im CSA Congress 1861; Rücktritt 1862 wegen Eintritts in die CS-Army; er stellte die 35th Miss­issippi Infantry auf; Col 35th Mississippi Infantry; Teilnahme an der Corinth und Vicksburg Campaign; Battle of Corinth; Ein­satz bei der Belagerung von Vicksburg; beim Fall von Vicksburg kriegsgefangen und paroled; Barry brach die Parole und führte sein Regi­ment während der Atlanta Campaign 1864; schwer verwundet im Battle of Allatoona im Oktober 1864; Briga­dekommandeur von Sears's Brigade; mit der Brigade verlegt nach Mobile 1865; kriegsgefangen beim US-Angriff auf Fort Blakely am 9.4.1865; ausget­auscht am 1.5.1865; in der Nachkriegszeit Rechtsanwalt in Columbus; konnte wegen der Folgen der Verwundung und aus Folge der psychischen Belastung während des Krieges seinen Beruf nur noch kurze Zeit ausüben

 

Photo:

- Allardice: More Generals in Gray, p. 29

 

Documents/Literature:

- Allardice: More Generals in Gray, p. 29

- **Wyatt, Lee T. III: "William S. Barry, Advocate of Secession, 1821-1868." Journal of Mississippi History, XXXIX (1977), S. 339-355

 

 

Barstow, Simon F.:

US-Col; aide de Camp von General Frederick West *Lander (Chase: Diary, p. 56; Anm.: bei National Park Soldiers nicht genannt).

 

 

Barstow, Wilson:

US-BrigGen

 

Civil War Union Brevet Brigadier General. He served during the Civil War first as as 1st Lieutenant in Company E, 37th New York Volunteer Infantry, then as a Captain and Aide-de-Camp on the staff of Major General John A. Dix. He was brevetted Brigadier Ge­neral, US Volunteers on March 13, 1865 for "efficient and meritorious services during the war" (www.findagrave.com, accessed 27.3.2019).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Barstow, Wilson (1830-1869) Capt., USV Papers, 1861-69; Library of Congress. 53 items. Includes letters from Barstow to his sis­ter written from Fort McHenry, Md., and Fort Monroe, Va., concerning the transportation of paroled prisoners of war, the fall of Nor­folk, and a visit by President Lincoln to Fort Monroe

 

 

Barteau, Clark:

CS-LtCol, aus Guntown, Mississippi (südlich Corinth; Karte bei Davis, Nr. 154); Barteau meldete am 20.10.1862 an Gen Van Dorn, daß die Yankees die Mobile & Ohio RR zwischen Rienzi und Booneville, Mississippi reparierten, und ihren Stützpunkt Rienzi ver­stärkten, was auf einen Vorstoß Grant's nach Süden hindeutete. Am 11.11.1862 meldete Barteau, daß die US-Truppen aus Corinth ab­gezogen seien (Bearss: Vicksburg, Vol. I, S. 46, 52; OR Ser. I, Vol XVII, pt. II, S. 732, 746).

 

 

Barth, John Washington:

US-Major 28th Kentucky Infantry Regiment (Kaufmann: Deutsche im amerikanischen Bürger­krieg, p. 480), Co. C;. Barth trat im Rang eines Captain ein wurde als Major ausgemustert (http://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-soldiers-detail.htm?sol­dier_id=b722af7f-dc7a-df11-bf36-b8ac6f5d926a). Barth kommandierte das Regiment im Battle of Nashville (wikipedia /28th_Regiment_Kentucky_ Volunteer_Infantry).

 

 

Bartleson, Frederick A.:

US-Col; Co. F&S, 100th Regiment Illinois Infantry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 5); at first Bartleson was Captain, Co. B, 20th Regiment Illinois Infantry, then Major, Co. F&S, 20th Regiment Illinois Infantry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 5).

 

19.10.1833 Ohio - † kia 23.6.1864 Battle of Kennesaw Mountain, buried Oakwood Cemetery, Joliet, Illinois (www.findagrave.com, accessed 13.5.2018).

 

The first man to volunteer in Joliet was Frederick Bartleson. Bartleson was an attorney who is reported to have said at one of the ral­lies that took place soon after the firing on fort sumter: "I will ask no man to do that, which I would not be willing to do myself." He then signed his name as a volunteer in the Unon forces. Bartleson entered the service as a captain in the 20th Illinois Volunter Infan­try Regiment. There were approximately 200 men from Joliet and Will County in that unit. The re… Read More giment fought at Fort Donelson in February 1862 and at Shiloh in April on that same year. At Shiloh, Bartleson was wounded and lost an arm as a re­sult.After recuperating, he was placed in command of a new regiment formed in August, 1862, comprised almost entirely of Will County volunteers. This regiment, the 100th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment, would be Bartleson's final command. The 100th Il­linois fought at Stones River on December 31, 1862 to January 2, 1863. Later in 1863, the regiment fought at Chickamauga where Bartleson was captured. He was held in the famous Libby Prison in Richmond but was subsequently paroled in time to join his regi­ment for Sherman's Atlanta Campaign. He was killed leading a skirmish line at Kenesaw Mountain, Georgia in 1864 (www.findagrave.com, accessed 13.5.2018).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bartleson, Frederick A.: Letters from Libby Prison (New York: Greenwich Book Publishers, 1956)

 

 

Bartlett, Asa W.:

US-Captain; Co. F&G, 12th Regiment New Hampshire Infantry; er trat als Musician in das Regiment ein (National Park Soldiers M549 Roll 1).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bartlett, Asa W.: History of the Twelfth Regiment New Hampshire Volunteers in the War of the Rebellion (Concord, N. H.: Ira C. Evans, 1897)

 

 

Bartlett,. Benjamin C.:

US-Principal Musician; Co. F&S, 124th Regiment Illinois Infantry; at first Fifer Co. C (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 5;Hicken: Illinois in the Civil War, p. 408).

 

 

Bartlett, Henry T.:

US-Pvt; Co. H&F, 1st Regiment Massachusetts Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M544 Roll 2); Nachkriegszeit: um 1888 Vice Presi­dent of the Cavalry Corps in the Society to the Army of the Potomac.

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bartlett, Henry T. Letter, 1888. 0.1 cu. ft. Soldier in the 1st Massachusetts Cavalry; later, Vice President of the Cavalry Corps in the Society to the Army of the Potomac. Writes Samuel E. Chamberlain, President of the Cavalry Corps, S.A.P., in 1888, urging him to nominate a cavalryman as the next president of the S.A.P., and cites the importance of the cavalry at the Battle of Gettysburg (1863) (Virginia Tech, Univ. Libraries, Special Collections: Civil War guide - Manuscript Sources for Civil War Research in the Spe­cial Col­lections Department of the Virginia Tech Libraries Ms89-031)

 

 

Bartlett, Harold:

US-++++; 1st Michigan Light Artillery Battery D; beteiligt an der Jagd auf Morgan's Raiders im Juli 1863

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Genco, James: To the Sound of Musketry and Tap of Drum: A History of Michigan's Battery D through the Letters of Artificer Ha­rold J. Bartlett, 1861-64 (Rochester, Michigan: R. Russel Books, 1983; Detroit Book Press, 2nd printing of 1983 original). This is the first documented account of Battery "D", 1st Michigan Light Artillery

 

 

Bartlett, Joseph Jackson:

US-MajGen; 1834-93. N.Y. Commissioned' Maj. 27th N.Y. 21 May and Col 21 Sept. '61, he commanded 2nd Brigade (5th Maine, 16th New York, 27th New York, 96th Pennsylvania) (Sears: Landscape turned Red, p. 363), 1st Division (MajGen Henry W. Slocum), VI Corps (MajGen William B. Franklin), Army of the Potomac (18 May-Nov.; Dec. 1862 -1.7.1863; 2-4 July '63; 5 Aug.-6 Nov. '63). He was promoted BrigGen USV 4 Oct. '62, and his commission expired 4 Mar. '63. Reappointed 30 Mar. 1863, he commanded 'the 3d Div., VI, Potomac (4 July-4 Aug. '63) and 3, 1, V, Potomac (3 Apr.-20 July; 9-17 Aug.; 1 Oct.- 23 Dec. '64; 6-27 Jan. '65 and 7 Mar.- 1 Apr.). Succeeding to Division (6 Nov.- 31 Dec. '63; 3 Feb.-3 Apr. '64; 21 July- 9 Aug. '64; 23 Dec. '64-4 Jan. '65), he also commanded 2d Div., IX Corps, Potomac 22 Apr.-3 May '65. Breveted MajGen. USV 1 Aug. 1864 for the campaign before Richmond, he was mustered out in 1866 and was US minister to Norway and Sweden 1867-69 (Boatner: Dictionary, p. 48).

 

 

Bartlett, Myron Napier:

CS-Corporal; Washington Artillery, Louisiana Artillery (National Park Soldiers M378 Roll 2; Priest: Antietam, p. 6).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bartlett, M. Napier: A Story of the War Including the Marches of Washington Artillery (New Orleans, 1874)

 

 

Bartlett, William Chambers:

US-BrigGen; 1839-1908. N.Y. Appt.-. At Large. USMA 1862 (20/28); Arty.- Inf. 2d Lt. 3d US Arty. 17 June '62; Capt. A.D.C. Vols. 19 Mar.-16 Nov. '64; Lt. Co!. 2d N.C. Mounted Inf. 17 Nov. '64; Bvt. B.G. USV; 1st Lt. 3d Arty. 14 Oct. '64; retired 1892 as Capt.
Brevets for Antietam, Carnpbell's Station, Atlanta, war service. Commanded 1, 4, XXIII; 1, 4th Div. Dist. of East. Tenn. (Boatner, Dictionary, p. 48).

 

 

Bartlett, William Francis:

US-MajGen; 1840-76. Mass. A student at Harvard, he enlisted as Pvt. 4th Bn. Mass. Vols. 14 Apr. '61, returned to school for a while, and was commissioned Capt. 20th Mass. 8 Aug, '61. Losing a leg at Yorktown, he was mustered out 12 Nov. '62 and then organized and 48 was elected Col. of the 49th Mass. 19^th Nov. '62. Twice wounded at Pt. Hudson, he organized the 57th Mass. (Col.) 9 Apr. '64 and was wounded leading it in the Wilderness. As BrigGen USV 20 June 1864, he commanded 1, 1, IX, Potornac (23-30 July '64) in the Petersburg mine assault where he was wounded and captured; He also commanded the division (17 June-15 July '65) and was
mustered out in 1866 after being breveted Maj. Gen. USV for war service. He was later in business in Richmond (Va.) and Pittsfield (Mass.) (Boatner, Dictionary, p. 48).

 

 

Barton, Chauncey E:

US-Pvt; Co. A, 17th Regiment Illinois Infantry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 5).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Barton, Chauncey, E.: Letter from Barton to Miss Jennie M. Fell, Apr, 14, 1864, describing the abuse of the civilian population after the fall of Vicksburg, Miss. (Library of Congress, Washington/DC)

 

 

Barton, Clara Harlowe:

US-Nurse; 1821-1912; frühere Lehrerin, in der Nachkriegszeit Gründerin des Red Cross der USA und dessen Vorsitzende von 1882 - 1904; Barton begann im Juli 1862 eine One-Woman-Campaign zur Versorgung der Verwundeten der US-Truppen mit Verbandsstoff, medizinischen Hilfsmittel und nahm sich der Verwundeten oft bis in die Frontlinie hinein an (Encyclopedia of the Civil War, p. 26/27).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Barton, Clara Harlowe (1821-1912) Nurse, USA Papers, 1834-1918. ca. 70,000 items (L. Correspondence, diary, lectures, newspa­per clippings, and miscellaneous items relating, in part, to Miss Barton's work with sick and wounded soldiers. Also includes postwar correspondence with the families of missing prisoners of war and a list of Union soldiers buried at Andersonville, Ga. Finding aid available.

 

 

Barton, Randolph:

CS-+++; (Stonewall Brigade)

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barton, Randolph: Recollections 1861-1865 (Baltimore 1913)

 

 

Barton, Seth M.:

CS-BrigGen, kommandierte den linken Flügel der Konföderierten in der Schlacht von Champion's Hill am 16.5.1863, wurde jedoch von Grant's Truppen geschlagen. Sein Zurückweichen erschütterte die CS-Armee und führte zur Einschließung von Vicksburg.

 

Photos:

- Davis/Wiley, Photographic History, p. 32

 

Documents/Literature:

- Barton - Jenifer Families Papers, 1663-1876. ca. 120 items. Includes accounts of the Confederacy with the Mobile and Girard Rail­road, 1864, and recommendations for the promotion of Lt. Col. Seth M. Barton to brigadier general, signed by Gens. Henry R. Jack­son and Thomas J. Jackson.

 

 

Barton, William Strother:

CS-2nd Lt; Co. F, 2nd Regiment Virginia Infantry (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 3); Enkel von Strother Jones, dem Eigentü­mer der Vaucluse Mansion im Shenandoah, südlich von Winchester / VA gelegen; Strother Barton war beim Vorstoß von Ewell's Corps auf Winchester im Juni 1863 (Gettysburg Campaign) Early's Guide from Nineveh to Stephens City am 13.6.1863 (Nye: Here come the Rebels, Anm. auf S. 74-75).

 

 

Barton, William S.:

CS-Agent; bei Ausbruch des Krieges Major der Virginia Militia. Barton organisierte eine Underground Line für Waffenschmuggel und Nachrichtenübermittlung nach Maryland, um die Sezession von Maryland zu fördern (Tidwell: Come Retribution, p. 10).

 

 

Bartow, Francis Stebbins:

CS-Col (acting BrigGen); *6.9.1816 in Savannah / GA - 21.7.1861; seit 1857 Captain der Oglethorpe Light Infantry Militia aus Sav­annah (Davis: A Government of Our Own, p. 54). 1860 Bürgermeister von Savannah / GA; Delegierter der Secession Convention in Montgomery / Alabama im Februar 1861 (Davis: A Government of Our Own, p. 18, 54). Regiments­kommandeur 8th Georgia Infantry; dann Brigadekommandeur 2nd Brigade (Bartow's Brigade) of the Army of the Shenandoah; die Briga­de wurde aufgestellt im Juni 1861 und eingesetzt im Shen­andoah Valley in Joseph E. *Johnston’s Army in Winchester; Briga­dekommandeur war Col. Francis S. *Bartow; die Brigade umfaßte die 7th, 8th, 9th Georgia Infantry, 1st Kentucky Infantry und die Battery von Captain Ephraim G. Alburtis (Davis: Battle of Bull Run, p. 83).

 

Im Battle of 1st Bull Run war Barton mit seiner Brigade auf dem linken CS-Flügel eingesetzt; er kämpfte mit großer persönlicher Tapferkeit und ist bei Henry House (1st Manassas) gefallen (Chestnut: Diary of Dixie, p. 87). Barton wird teilweise als BrigGen be­zeichnet (Nach­weise bei Allardice, p. 31).

 

Mary Chestnut erwähnt Bartow in ihrem Tagebuch anläßlich einer Reise nach Savannah / GA am 8.11.1860 (Chestnut: Diary of Dixie, p. 2).

 

Photo:

- Allardice: More Generals in Gray, p. 30

 

Documents/Literature:

- Allardice: More Generals in Gray, p. 30

- **Bartow, Francis: Francis Bartow Folder, Georgia Department of Archives and History, Atlanta

 

 

Baruch, Simon:

CS-Surgeon; Teilnahme am Battle of Gettysburg (Pfanz: Gettysburg, p. 254)

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Baruch, Simon: Reminiscenses of a Confederate Surgeon (New York, n.p., 1915)

 

 

Barziza, Decimus et Ultimus:

CS-Captain, Co. C, 4th Regiment Texas Infantry; at first 1stLt Townsend's Company Texas Infantry (Robertson Five Shooter) (National Park Soldiers M227 Roll 2; see also Pfanz: Gettysburg, p. 165).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Barziza, Decimus et Ultimus (ed. R. Henderson Shuffler): The Adventures of a Prisoner of War, 1863-1684 (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1964)

- **Barziza, D. U.: Dairy; Cobb and Hunter Family Papers, Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina

 

 

Bass, Maston G.:

CS-Major; Co. F&S, 59th Regiment Georgia Infantry; mustered in as Captain Co. E (National Park Soldiers M226 Roll 4, named as 'Maston G. Bass'); on his gravestone he is named „M. G. Bass“; resp. As 'Maston Green Bass' (Clay-Miller County Georgia Archives Biographies, http://files.usgwarchives.net/ga/miller/bios/bs54bass.txt, accessed 15.5.2019).

 

Maston Green Bass was born Abt. 1829 probably in Blakely, Miller Co., GA, and died October 16, 1864 in Richmond, VA.. He married MAHULDAH R. BRADLEY November 27, 1851 in Fort Gaines, Clay Co., GA.. She was born Abt. 1833 in Fort Gaines, Clay Co., GA., and died date unknown probably in Evinston, Alachua Co. Florida (Clay-Miller County Georgia Archives Biographies, http://files.usgwarchives.net/ga/miller/bios/bs54bass.txt, accessed 15.5.2019).

 

BASS, Maston Green - Elected 1st Lieutenant of Co. D, 5th Regt. Ga. State Troops Oct. 12, 1861. Mustered out Apr. 11, 1862. Elected Captain of Co. E, 59th Regt. Ga. Inf. May 10, 1862; Major July 10, 1863. Wounded, October 7, 1864 in Richmond, VA. Admitted to a hospital in Richmond. He died from those wounds October 16th of the same month. His remains were returned for burial (Clay-Miller County Georgia Archives Biographies, http://files.usgwarchives.net/ga/miller/bios/bs54bass.txt, accessed 15.5. 2019).

 

29.11.1828 Blakely, Early County, Georgia - † 16.10.1864 (aged 35) Richmond after m.w. 7.10.1864 on Battlefield near Richmond VA (charge at Fort Harrison); burial Linwood Cemetery, Columbus, Muscogee County, Georgia (findagrave.com, accessed 15.5.2019).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bass, M. G.: „A War-Time Letter from Hagerstown,“ Confederate Veteran, 21 (1913), p. 393 (see also Clay-Miller County Georgia Archives Biographies, http://files.usgwarchives.net/ga/miller/bios/bs54bass.txt, accessed 15.5.2019

 

 

Bassett, Chauncey:

US-LtCol; *1st Regiment Louisiana Native Guard Regiment (*US Coloured Troops).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Weaver, C. P. (ed.): Thank God my Regiment is an African One: The Civil War Diary of Colonel Nathan W. Daniels (Louisiana State University Press, 1998; Taschenbuchausgabe 2000); S. 12 Anm. 15

 

 

Basset, Elisha B.:

US-Captain; Co D 19th Michigan Infantry; er nahm nicht am Battle von Thompson's Station am 5.3.1863 teil; ab 8.3.1863 bewachte Basset mit Co D die Brücke über den Little Harpeth River südlich von Franklin / Tennessee (Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, p. 100); er ergab sich am 24.3.1863 nahezu ohne Widerstand mit 230 Mann der 19th Michigan Infantry den beiden gegen ihn eingesetz­ten Cavalry Regimentern von Forrest's Cavalry Division (Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, p. 101). Hierbei geriet Basset in Kriegsgefangenschaft, wurde im Libby Prison / Richmond inhaftiert, bald ausgetauscht und am 23.6.1863 unehren­haft aus der Armee entlassen wegen Feigheit im Battle of Thompson's Station (Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, p. 102)

 

 

Basset, Thomas:

US-Captain; Bassett's Independent Company, Indiana Infantry (30 days, 1862) (National Park Soldiers M540 Roll 4).

 

 

Bassler, John H.:

US-Captain; Co. C, 149th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 6).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bassler, J. H.: „The Color Episode of the One Hundred and Forty-ninth Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteer at Gettysburg, July 1, 1863.“ Southern Historical Society Papers, vol. 37 (1909), p. 266-301

- **Bassler, J. H.: „The Color Episode of the One Hundred and Forty-ninth Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers at Gettysburg, July 1, 1863.“ Papers and Addresses of the Lebanon County Historical Society 4 (1907): 77-110

 

 

Batchelder, Albert:

US-Corporal; Co. B, 6th Regiment Vermont Infantry (National Park Soldiers M557 Roll 1).

 

 

Batchelder, Albert:

US-Pvt; Co. I, 36th Regiment Wisconsin Infantry (National Park Soldiers M559 Roll 2).

 

 

Batchelder, Albert A.:

US-Pvt (?); Co. C, 6th Regiment New Hampshire Infantry (National Park Soldiers M549 Roll 1); original filed under Albert A. Ba­chelder

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Batchelder, Albert A.: Letter to Father, not dated; Antietam National Battlefield

 

 

Batchelder, Albert F.:

US-Pvt; Co. B, 3rd Regiment New Hampshire Infantry (National Park Soldiers M549 Roll 1).

 

 

Batchelder, Albert J.:

US-Corporal; Co. I, 1st Regiment Maine Veteran Infantry (National Park Soldiers M543 Roll 1).

 

 

Batchelder, Albert L.:

US-Pvt; Co. E, 1st Regiment New Hampshire Heavy Artillery (National Park Soldiers M549 Roll 1).

 

 

Batchelder, Albert R.:

US-Pvt; Co. A, 48th Regiment Massachusetts Infantry (Militia) (National Park Soldiers M544 Roll 2).

 

 

Batchelder, Albert W.:

US-1stLt; Co. E&A, 12th Regiment New Hampshire Infantry (National Park Soldiers M549 Roll 1); original filed under Albert W. Bachelder

 

 

Batchelder, R. N.:

US-LtCol; Stabsoffizier im Stab von Sickles' III Corps (Sauers: Gettysburg: The Meade-Sickles Controversy, p. 172n30).

 

 

Batchelor, Albert A.:

CS-Pvt; Co. E, 2nd Regiment Louisiana Infantry (National Park Soldiers M378 Roll 2).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Batchelor, Albert A.: Papers, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge/Louisiana, Library Special Collection Mss. 919

 

 

Batchelor, John:

US-Pvt; Co. I, 78th Regiment Illinois Infantry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 5; Hicken: Illinois in the Civil War, p. 403).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Batchelor, John: Diary (Illinois State Historical Society, Springfield / Illinois)

 

 

Bate, Humphrey:

CS-Captain; Co. K, 2nd Regiment Tennessee Infantry (Robinson's) (Walker Legion) (National Park soldiers M231 Roll 3).

 

† 6.4.1862 kia Shiloh; grandson of Humphrey Bate (born 1779 North Carolina, came to Tennessee in 1803 and settled near Bledsoe's Lick) and (∞ I) Elizabeth P. Brimage; Son of James Henry Bate (1804 - † 1842) and (∞ 1825) Aman­da F. Weathered (Bledsoe: Historic Sum­ner County/TN, p. 224).Brother of MajGen William B. *Bate (Powell: Chickamauga Campaign, vol. I: Mad Battle, p. 546).

 

 

Bate, William B.:

CS-MajGen; Col, Co. F&S, 2nd Regiment Tennessee Infantry (Robinson's) (Walker Legion) (National Park soldiers M231 Roll 3).

 

1862 war Bate Col 2nd Tennessee Infantry; Im Frühjahr 1862 und im Battle of Shiloh gehörte die 2nd Tennessee Infan­try zu 2nd Bri­gade BrigGen Patrick R. Cleburne III. Army Corps MajGen William J. Hardee in Johnston’s Army of the Mississippi (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 321; Grant: The Opposing Forces at Shiloh; in: B&L I 539). Am 6.4.1862 gegen 8:00 eingesetzt im Rahmen von Cleburne’s Brigade gegen Buckland’s Bri­gade südlich von Shiloh Church westlich der Pittsburg-Corinth Road. Hierbei griff die 2nd Tennessee gegen die Front der 72nd Ohio Infantry an (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 162 mit Karte S. 165). Weiterhin griff das 2nd Tennessee bei Rea Field gegen Barrett’s Battery (Battery B 1st Illi­nois Light Artillery) an (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 163 mit Karte S. 165), wobei. Bate durch einen Schuß in den linken Unterschenkel verwundet wurde; als die Ärzte amputieren woll­te, verhinderte Bate dies mit gezogener Waffe. Bate überlebte, benötigte jedoch künftig eine Krücke (Da­niel: Shiloh, p. 162-163, 167, 288).

 

By the spring of 1863, Bate had been recently promoted to brigadier general and was rumored to be available to replaee Isham G. Harris as governor of Tennessee. Bate, however, who did not lack for political ambition and always had one eye on bis reputation, made it clear he would not leave the army with the war still on. His brigade opposed Wilder's Federals at Hoover's Gap that June
during the Tullahoma campaign, where Bate pressed a vigorously unsucessful attack, suffered significant losses, and suffered a second wound (Powell: Chickamauga Campaign, vol. I: Mad Battle, p. 547).

 

In the Chickamauga Campaign September 1863 BrigGen William B. Bate commanded Bate's Brigade (58th Alabama, 37th Georgia, 4th George Sharpshooters, 15+37th Tennessee, 20th Tennessee, consisting of 1211 men), Stewart's Division (MajGen Alexander P. Stewart), Buckner's Corps (MajGen Simon B. Buckner), Army of Tennessee (Gen Braxton Bragg) (Powell: Chickamauga Campaign, vol. I: Mad Batt­le, p. 649).

 

At age 19 he enlisted as a Private for service in the Mexican War (1846 to 1848), rising to the rank of Lieutenant in the 3rd Tennessee Volunteer Infantry. After the war he studied law, served in the Tennessee House of Representatives (1849 to 1851), and became a practicing attorney in Gallatin in 1852 (Bio by Bobb Edwards to www.findagrave.com, accessed 4.1.2019). Before the war Bate had been a newspaper edi­tor and lawyer, before turning to politics in 1854 and winning the office of prosecuting attorney for Nashville/TN. He had accumula­ted a Mexican War record and successful stint in the state legislature in 1849. A Breckinridge elector in 1860, when war came Bate was among the first to join up (Powell: Chickamauga Campaign, vol. I: Mad Battle, p. 546). After the war Bate returned to Nashville and resumed the practice of of Law. In 1887 he was elected US-Senator for Tennessee,and by re-election served until his death 1905 (Bledsoe: Historic Sumner County/TN, p. 224).

 

7.10.1826 Near Castalian Springs, Sumner County/TN - † 9.5.1905 Washington/DC; buried Mount Olivet Cemetery, Nashville/TN (www.findagrave, accessed 4.1.2019); Grandson of Humphrey Bate (born 1779 North Carolina, came to Tennessee in 1803 and settled near Bled­soe's Lick) and (∞ I) Elizabeth P. Brimage; Son of James Henry Bate (1804 - † 1842) and (∞ 1825) Aman­da F. Weathered (Bledsoe: Histo­ric Sumner County/TN, p. 224). ∞ Julia Peete (Bledsoe: Historic Sumner County/TN, p. 224). Brother of Captain Humphrey *Bate (Co. K, 2nd Regiment Ten­nessee Infantry; † 6.4.1862 Shiloh) (Powell: Chickamauga Campaign, vol. I: Mad Battle, p. 546).

 

Photo:

- MajGen Bate: Archive Ref, Pictures American Civil War (Photo added by Bobb Edwards to www.findagrave.com, accessed 4.1.2019)

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bate, William B.: Report on Atlanta Campaign (Photocopy Kennesaw National Battlefield Park Library, Kennesaw / Georgia)

- Kelly, Dennis: „Back in the Saddle: The War Record of William Bate“; in: Civil War Times Illustrated, vol. XXVII, no. 8 (Decem­ber, 1988), p. 29

 

 

Bateman, Francis Marion:

US-Pvt; Co. C, 78th Regiment Ohio Infantry (National Park Soldiers M552 Roll 6).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bateman, Francis Marion (1843-1924) Pvt., 78th Ohio Volunteers Letter, 1862 (Library of Congress). 1 item. Letter from Bateman to his parents, Feb. 23, 1861 [1862], concerning fortifications, casualties, and prisoners of war at Fort Donelson, Tenn.

 

 

Bateman, Newton:

US-+++; 2nd Illinois Cavalry (Hicken: Illinois in the Civil War, p. 390)

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bateman, Newton: Papers (Illinois State Historical Library, Springfield / Illinois)

 

 

Bates, Delevan (Delavan):

US-BrigGen; Col, Co. F&S, 30th Regiment US Colored Infantry (National Park Soldiers M589 Roll5); 23.8.1862 2ndLt, Co. I, 121st Regi­ment New York Infantry; 4.7.1863 1stLt (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 7; Boatner: Dictionary, p. 50); he was captured at the Battle of Salem Church during the Battle of Fredericksburg and was held at Libby Prison in Richmond, Virginia for approximately two weeks. He was subsequently released in a prison exchange. He was also involved in the battles of Chancellorsville and Gettysburg (wikipedia; keyword 'Delavan Bates', accessed 16.1.2019); mus­tered out 19.3.1864; 23.3.1864 Col 30th Regiment US Colored Infantry; 30.7.1864 BrigGen USV for Cemetery Hill/VA; commanded 1, 3, IX; 1, 1, XXV; 1, Paine's division, Terry's Prov. Corps; 1, 3, X; 3d Div. X Corps; mustered out 10.12.1865 (Boatner: Dictionary, p. 50).

 

Medal of Honor 22.6.1891 for Cemetery Hill /VA on 30.7.1864, Gallantry in action where he fell, shot through the face, at the head of his regiment (National Park Soldiers, Medal of Honor; Glatthaar: Forged in Battle, p. 275).

 

13.3.1840 Richmondville, Schoharie County/New York (www.findagrave, accessed 16.1.2019, keyword Delevan Bates') - † 18.12.1918 Aurora/ Nebrasca, buried Aurora cemetery. After the war Bates resided in Salisbury, North Carolina but soon returned to West Richmondville, New York where he married Lana Ann Green on 2 January 1870, with whom he had five children. He was a merchant and storekeeper (wikipedia; keyword 'Delavan Bates', accessed 16.1.2019).

 

Named also 'Delavan Bates' (Glatthaar: Forged in Battle, p. 275; National Park Soldiers M589 Roll5). On his gravestone his name is given as Delevan Bates (Photo www.findagrave, accessed 16.1.2019, keyword Delevan Bates'), named as Lt, 121st Regi­ment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 7).

 

 

Bates, Edward:

US-Attorney General and Politician; 1793-1869; Bates stammte ursprünglich aus Virginia, zog dann nach Missouri; Bates kandidier­te im Mai 1860 auf der Chicago Convention der Republikanischen Partei als Präsidentschaftskandidat (Schurz, Reminiscenses, vol. 2, S. 175). Attorney General in Lincoln's Kabinett bis 24.11.1864; der aus Virginia stammende Bates, der als Bürger von Missouri aus einem der Border States kam, wurde in Lincoln's Kabinett berufen, um die Sezession zu verhindern, durch Berufung von Ministern aus den Border Staaten; Freund von James B. *Eads (Bearss, Hardluck Ironclad, p. 10). Bates stellte sich gegen die Ernennung von Natha­niel *Lyon zum Befehlshaber in Missouri, da er dessen Vorgehen gegen *Camp Jackson und den hierdurch ausgelösten Aufruhr in Missouri mißbilligte (Brooksher: Bloody Hill, p. 77).

 

Photo:

- West: Gideon Welles, p. 97

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bates, Edward: Papers, 1859-66. 70 items (Library of Congress). Diary (5 v.), notes, newspaper clippings, and memoranda. Inclu­des remarks on the secession crisis, Cabinet meetings, events in Washington, and the progress of the war.

- **Bates, Edward (Attorney General): Letter to James Eads, April 1863; Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park Manuscript Collection, vol. 268

- **Beale, Howard K.: "The Diary of Edward Bates, 1839-1866," Annual Report of the American Association, 1930, vol. IV

- **Beale, Howard K. (ed.): The Diary of Edward Bates, 1859-1866 (Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 1933).

- **Cain, Marvin R.: Lincoln's Attorney General: Edward Bates of Missouri (Columbia, Mo., 1965)

 

 

Bates, James C.:

CS-++Officer; 9th Texas Cavalry

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bates, James C. (9th Texas cavalry): A Texas Cavalry Officer‘s Civil War: The Diary and Letters of James C. Bates (LSU Press), 328 pp. Edited by Richard Lowe. Bates served in the 9th Texas Cavalry from 1861 to 1865 and fought in some of the most dramatic clashes of the war. Elkhorn Tavern, Corinth, Thompson's Station and Etowah River. College educated, he wrote a detailed diary of some of the war's most significant cavalry actions.

 

 

Bates, John W.:

US-Chaplain (Castel: Decision in the West, p. 85 und 579 n 30

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bates, John W.: Diary (US Army Military History Research Collection, Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania)

 

 

Bates, Joseph H.:

US-BrigGen

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bates, Joseph H. (BrigGen): "Ohio's Preparation for the War" (Ohio MOLLUS Sketches of War History Volume One; Reprint Cin­cinnati: Robert Clarke and Co. Broadfoot Publishing Co. NC. 1991)

 

 

Bates, Josua H.:

BrigGen der Ohio Militia 1861 (McClellan: Civil War Papers, S. 6).

 

 

Bates, Samuel P.:

US-Historian

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bates, Samuel P. The Battle of Chancellorsville (Meadville, PA, 1882).

- Bates, Samuel P.: The Battle of Gettysburg (Philadelphia: T. H. Davis, 1875)

- **Bates, Samuel P.: History of the Pennsylvania Volunteers, 1861-1865, 5 vols. (Harrisburg: d. Singerle, 1869)

 

 

Batterton, Ira A.:

US-Pvt; Co. K, 8th Regiment Illinois Infantry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 5; Hicken: Illinois in the Civil War, p. 393). Möglicherweise Sergeant, 8th Regiment Illinois Infantry (so die Unterschrift v. Batterton in a letter to Pres. Lincoln from 5.12.1862) (Autograph Letter Signed, 4, 6, RG 107, Entry 259: Records of the Chief Clerk [1800-1931] and the Administrative Assistant [1931-1947], Records Relating to Personnel, General Records, 1816-1899, Applications, Applications for Civilian Appointments and Regular Army Commissions, 1847-1887, NAB Link to document image. Re: Request for appointment as assistant adjutant general; encloses 249028).

 

Aus Lexington, enlisted 1.8.1861, discharged 16.2.1863 (Transaction of The McLean County, Illinois Historical Society, Bloomington 1899, Vol. 1: War Record of McLean County, S. 35). Later (July 1863-June 1865) Batterton was serving as civilian clerk with the Assistant Quartermaster’s Office, Vicksburg (Batterton, Ira A.: Papers. Correspondence 7/1863 – 6/1865, microfilm, Illinois State Historical Library, Spring­field/Ill.).

 

In a letter from 21.10.1862 to USS Grant, Pvt (!) Ira A Batterton, who was on recruiting duty for 8th Regiment Illinois Infantry, asked Gen. Grant to be returned to his regiment, „of which I am a private of „K“ company“ (Grant: The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant, ed. John Y. Simon, vol. 6, S. 439-440).

 

11.11.1826 McLean County Illinois - † 15.7.1865 Vicksburg/Miss., beerd. zunächst Scrogin Cemetery, Lexington/Ill.; später umge­bettet Wiley Cemetery, McLean County/Ill.; after the war, he remained in Vicksburg/Miss., where he was shot and killed (www.find­agrave.com, Abruf v. 15.3.2017).

 

Once the occupation was complete, Vicksburg boasted one newspaper, and it was operated by a former Union soldier. Even he had occasional troubles with the city's military authorities, though that could perhaps be because of questions that linger over his dischar­ge from the army. While his family argues Batterton was honorably discharged after some confusion over his assignments, his service records show only that he served in Company K of the 8th Illinois. A webside devoted to Illinois in the Civil War shows Bat­terton was discharged on 16.2.1864 by order of the federal War Department (Van Tyll, Debra Reddin: Journalism in the Fallen Confederacy, n.p.).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Batterton, Ira A.: Papers, 1848-94; Civil War Letters, 1861-63, on secretarial duties to generals John A. McClernand, Richard Oglesby, and John A. Logan. Lengthy account of Vicksburg Campaign in letters of May and June, 1863. He was editor of the Vicks­burg Daily Herald. 430 items; microfilm, Illinois State Historical Library, Springfield/Ill.

- **Sabin, David B.: Ira A. Batterton and the Vicksburg Herald, an Unconditional Union Newspaper (1968)

 

 

Battle, Cullen A.:

CS-MajGen; Col, Co. F&S, 3rd Regiment Alabama Infantry (National Park Soldiers M374 Roll 3; s.a. Pfanz: Gettysburg First Day, p. 18, 163, 186).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Battle, Cullen A.: „The Third Alabama Regiment“; Alabama Department of Archives and History, Montgomery, Ala., in the Reverend J. H. B. Hall Papers

- **Battle, Cullen Andrews: Third Alabama: The Civil War Memoir of Brigadier General Cullen Andrews Battle, CSA (University of Alabama Press, 1999)

 

 

Batts, William:

CS-Pvt; Co. A, 12th Regiment Georgia Infantry (National Park Soldiers M226 Roll 4).

 

William Batts was from Smithville, Georgia. He served in the Confederate Army as a private, Company A, 12th Regiment, Georgia Volunteer Infantry. He served under the command of Colonel Edward Johnson, General Henry Rootes Jackson, and later under Gene­ral Stonewall Jackson. He was wounded twice, at Alleghany Summit and at the Battle of McDowell, and killed at Cedar Run, August 9, 1862

 

Documents/Literature:

- Batts, William: „A Foot Soldier's Account: Letters of William Batts, 1861-1862,“ Georgia Historical Quarterly L (1966)

 

 

Bauer, George:

US-Pvt; Co. C, 1st Regiment New York Cavalry (www.findagrave com, Abruf vom 16.10.2016 mit Photo des Grabsteins, darauf die Nennung des Truppenteils; Anm. bei Na­tional Park Soldiers nicht genannt); † 16.4.1864 at Washington/DC, died of pneumonia; buried US Soldiers' and Airmen's Home National Ceme­tery, Washington/DC (www.findagrave.com, Abruf vom 16.10. 2016).

 

 

Bauer, Georg (D):

US-Pvt; Co. D, 21st Regiment Missouri Infantry (Kamphoefner/ Helbich: German in the Civil War, p. 361n1; Anm.: bei National Park Soldiers wird Bauer nicht genannt).

 

Bauer emigrated from from Baden in 1863; kurz darauf folgte sein Bruder Johann. Shortly thereafter, both of them settled on farms near Kirksville in northern Missouri (Kamphoefner/ Helbich: German in the Civil War, p. 361); † 22.6.1844 im Army Hospital Mem­phis/Tenn. (Brief von Johann Bauer vom 19.2.1865, abgedruckt bei (Kamphoefner/ Helbich: German in the Civil War, p. 363). Seine Witwe, die er als Schwangere mit einem Kleinkind bei seinem Eintritt in das Regiment 1861 (3-year­-Service) zurückgelassen hatte, erhielt später eine Pension (Kamphoefner/ Helbich: German in the Civil War, p. 361n1; Pension Files National Achives).

 

 

Bauer, Georg:

US-Pvt; † kia 9.7.1864 im Battle of Monocacy

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bauer, Georg (d. 1864): Letter, 1864. 0.1 cu. ft. Union soldier during the Civil War, writing from Spotsylvania Courthouse on May 20, 1864, to his daughter, about the many battles he fought in and the presence of the Confederates in the immediate area. Bauer was a native German speaker and the English in his letter is heavily Germanized (ex. "shudding duks" for "shooting ducks"). Bauer was killed two months later in the Battle of Monocacy. (Virginia Tech, Univ. Libraries, Special Collections: Civil War guide, Manus­cript Sources for Civil War Research in the Special Collections Department of the Virginia Tech Libraries Ms93-022)

 

 

Bauer, Jacob (D):

US-First Sergeant; Pvt Jacob 'Bower' Co. (G), 16th Regiment Connecticut Infantry (Morse, Horace J. (AAG): Catalogue of Connecticut Volunteer Organizati­ons, Compiled from Records in the Adjutant-Generals Office, p. 564 'Bower'; Gordon, Lesley J.: „All Who Went into That Battles Were Heroes“. Remembering the 16th Regiment Connecticut Volun­teers at Antietam; in: Gallagher (ed.): Antietam Campaign, a.a.O., S. 173; 188n12; not mentioned in National Soldiers). From Berlin, Conn., he enlisted 11.8.1862 (Morse, Horace J. (AAG): Catalogue of Connecticut Volunteer Organizations, Compiled from Records in the Adjutant-Generals Office, p. 564 'Bower).

 

Photo:

- Gordon, Lesley J.: „All Who Went into That Battles Were Heroes“. Remembering the 16th Regiment Connecticut Volunteers at An­tietam; in: Gallagher (ed.): Antietam Campaign, a.a.O., S. 182; Connecticut State Archives, RG 69:23, box 10, folder B, MCH Photo negative: „First Sergeant Jacob and Emily Bauer“

 

Correspondence:

Purchased at a Connecticut flea market, this correspondence gives us a glimpse into the world of Jacob Bauer, a German immigrant who served in the 16th Connecticut. He and his wife lived in Berlin, Conn.

 

At the Battle of Antietam—the regiment’s first fight of the Civil War - Private Bauer survived physically unscathed. But the 16th Connecticut was routed  in a 40-acre cornfield outside the village of Sharpsburg, Md., on Sept. 17, 1862, suffering 43 killed and 161 wounded. Bauer helped cheer wounded 16th Connecticut Private George Chamberlain at the German Reformed Church hospital in Sharpsburg, giving his friend his watch “to amuse him” and perhaps to take back home when he was well. On April 20, 1864, Bauer, a sergeant, was captured at Plymouth, N. C., with most of the rest of his regiment and sent to Andersonville, the most notorious POW camp of the Rebellion. He somehow survived the camp where 13,000 other Union soldiers died; he was paroled on Dec. 10, 1864. After the war, Bauer was active in veterans’ organizations. He died in 1931 at age 92, outliving his wife, Emily, and most of his fel­low veterans. Bauer’s wife, with whom he had four children, died in 1900 (Banks, John and William Griffin: „This is a dreadful war“. The Civil War Letters of HortonJacob Bauer, 16th Connecticut, & his wife Emily; Homepage https://jacobbauer16thconnecticut. wordpress.com/Abruf v. 23.3.2018).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Banks, John and William Griffin: „This is a dreadful war“. The Civil War Letters of Jacob Bauer, 16th Connecticut, & his wife Emi­ly; Homepage https://jacobbauer16thconnecticut. wordpress.com/Abruf v. 23.3.2018

- **Bauer, Jacob: „16th Regiment Connecticut Volunteers“, typescript copy of original, folder, Antietam National Battlefiled, Sharps­burg/Maryland

 

 

Baugh, William G.:

US-Corporal; Co. I, 76th Regiment Ohio Infantry (National Park Soldiers M552 Roll 6).

 

During the burning of Columbia/SC on 17.2.1865 Baugh stole several private things, like a silver ring (Royster: Destructive War, p. 24).

 

 

Baum, James H.:

US-Corporal; Co. F, 46th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 6; Gottfried: Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 350, 357).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Baum, James H.: „A Boy Soldier Tell the Story of Gettysburg.“ (The East Liverpool Morning Tribune, July 9, 1910)

 

 

Baum, Clark A.:

US-Assistant Surgeon; Co. F&S, 50th Regiment New York Engineers (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 7).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Baum, Clark: Letters, Tim Garrett Collection. Frederick and Spotsylvania National Military Park, Fredericksburg

 

 

Baumer, Andrew:

US-Pvt, 56th Illinois Infantry Regiment, Co. B

 

 

Baumer, Andrew:

US-Pvt, 13th Illinois Cavalry Regiment, Co. H, A

 

 

Baumer, Antoine:

US-Pvt; 3rd Regiment, Missouri State Militia Cavalry (1st Organization), Co F

 

 

Baumer, Anton:

US-Pvt; Co. I, 5th Regiment Iowa Infantry (National Park Soldiers M541 Roll 2).

 

 

Baumer, Augustus:

US-Pvt, 39th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Co. E

 

 

Baumer, Charles:

US-Pvt, 7th Maryland Infantry Regiment, Co. ?

 

 

Baumer, Daniel:

US-Pvt; Co. A, 86th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 7).

 

 

Baumer, Edward:

US-Pvt, 132nd Ney York Infantry Regiment

 

 

Baumer, Francis:

US-Pvt 8th Illinois Infantry Regiment Co. C

 

 

Baumer, Frank:

US-Pvt 9th Illinois Infantry Regiment Co. C

 

 

Baumer, Henry:

US-Pvt 2nd Missouri Light Artillery Regiment

 

 

Baumer, Henry:

US-Pvt 3rd Regiment Missouri Infantry (3 Months 1861), Co. H, F

 

 

Baumer, Henry:

US-Pvt 5th Missouri State Militia Cavalry Regiment Co. E

 

 

Baumer, Henry:

US-Pvt 2nd Regiment Missouri Light Artillery

 

 

Baumer, Henry:

US-Pvt, Berry's Battalion Missouri Cavalry Co. C

 

 

Baumer, James:

US-Sgt, alternative Namen L./Baumer; James/Barmer; James M./Barmer; 36th Indiana Infantry Regiment Co. F

 

 

Baumer, John:

US-Pvt, 3rd Colorado Cavalry Regiment, Co. K

 

 

Baumer, John:

US-Pvt, 3rd US-Cavalry Regiment (regular Army), Co. C

 

 

Baumer, John H.:

US-Pvt., alternativer Name: John H. Baummer; 6th Ohio Infantry Regiment Co. D

 

 

Baumer, John H.:

US-First Sergeant 106th Ohio Infantry Regiment, Co H

 

 

Baumer, Joseph:

US-Pvt, 7th Kansas Cavalry Regiment (Jennison's Jayhawkers), Co. C

 

 

Baumer, Joseph:

US-Pvt 2nd Missouri Light Artillery Regiment

 

 

Baumer, Lucas:

US-Corporal 176th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment (Drafted Militia), Co. E

 

 

Baumer, Mathews:

US-Pvt; Co. K, 27th Connecticut Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M535 Roll 1).

 

 

Baumer, Nicolas:

alternativer Name: Bowman, US-Pvt 132nd New York Infantry Regiment, Co ? +++klären+++

 

 

Baumer, Philip:

US-Pvt 15th Missouri Infantry Regiment Co. B

 

 

Baumer, Robert:

US-Pvt; Co. E, 79th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 7).

 

 

Baumer, William:

auch Wilhelm Bäumer; US-Col 1st Nebrasca Veteran Cavalry (Kaufmann: Deutsche im amerikanischen Bürger­krieg, p. 481). Bäu­mer stammte aus Westfalen, zeichnete sich in den Indianerkriegen aus, welcher gleichzeitig mit dem Civil war spielte. Er ließ den Häuptling Black Kettle aufhängen, obschon 10000 feindliche Indianer in der Nähe waren (Kaufmann: Deutsche im ame­rikanischen Bürger­krieg, p. 481).

 

1st Regiment Nebrasca Cavalry, Co. B; Baumer trat im Rang eines Captain ein und wurde als LtCol ausgemustert (http://www. nps.­gov/civilwar/search-soldiers-detail.htm) .

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Baumer, William: Reports of Lieutenant Colonel William Baumer, First Nebraska Infantry (die Vorgängerin der 1st Nebrasca Ca­valry), of action at Cape Girardeau vom 28..4.1863 and pursuit of Marmaduke. OR Page 267 Chapter XXXIV 

 

 

Baumer, William:

US-Pvt 51st Missouri Infantry Regiment Co. I

 

 

Baumer, William:

US-Pvt 54th Missouri Infantry Regiment

 

 

Baumer, William A.:

US-Pvt 133rd Indiana Infantry Regiment (100 Days, 1864), Co. A

 

 

Baxley, Catherine Virginia:

CS-Spionin aus Baltimore; * ca. 1812-++++; Baxley wird im Secret Service Record Book (- Chicago Historical Society: Confe­derate States of Amerika Secret Service Account Book (Chicago, Manuscript, ohne Datum, zitiert bei Tidwell, April 65 - Confederate Co­vert Action, p. 243) wie folgt erwähnt: "The Women of the South Baxley" (Tidwell, April 65 - Confederate Covert Ac­tion, p. 35).

 

"On December 26, 1861, Jefferson Davis received a telegram from James F. Milligan, the head of the signal company operating in the Norfolk area, which asked, "Is Mrs. Baxley of Baltimore known to you? If so is she all right and to be trusted?" Davis commen­ted, "Recently bore to me letters from reliable friends in Baltimore, had no previous acquaintance but believe her to be with us." The inquiry suggests that somebody was planning to use her for some sensitive work. (Milligan to Davis, December 26, 1861; in: Crist, Lynda Lasswell and Mary Seaton Dix, eds.: The Papers of Jefferson Davis, vol 7 [Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1992], S. 444).

 

But whatever Catherine Baxley's next assignment might have been it led to her arrest and imprisonment with Rose Greenhow in Wa­shington. Greenhow wrote a book about her experiences as a Confederate spy and Union prisoner, which was published in London in 1863, and in it lambasted Baxley and hinted that she might be unbalanced. Subsequent writers have tended to take Greenhow at her word and have dismissed Baxley as relatively unimportant. Before following their lead, however, it is important to remember that Greenhow was an ardent and sophisticated supporter of the Confederacy writing during the war. She knew that what she wrote would be read by Union authorities, and the cause would have weighed much more heavily than any personal pique. It is much more likely that Greenhow was deliberately trying to play down Baxley's importance and thus make it possible for Baxley to continue operating for the Confederacy.

 

The Union authorities sent Baxley south with Greenhow in the summer of 1862, but Baxley was arrested again and imprisoned in Washington in early 1865. Her name on the list in the secret service record book suggests that she had resumed operations for the Confederacy before she was arrested for the second time." (aus Tidwell, April 65 - Confederate Covert Action, p. 36/37)

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Tidwell, William A.: April 65 - Confederate Covert Action in the American Civil War

 

 

Baxter, Henry:

US-MajGen; 1821-73; 22.8.1861 Captain 7th Michigan Infantry (Col. Norman *Hall); 1.7.1862 LtCol Henry *Baxter, unter Artille­rieschutz und unter dem Beifall von Zuschauern bei Verlusten durch feindlichen Scharfschützenbeschuß in Booten über den Rappa­hannock übergesetzt, wo sie im Straßen- und Häuserkampf die am Wasser gelegenen Häuser von feindlichen Scharfschützen der Missi­ssippi Brigade BrigGen Barkdale's säuberten (Report von Col. Norman J. Hall, OR 21:282-84; abgedruckt bei Luvaas / Nelson: Chancellorsville and Fredericksburg, p. 15-18; Curtis: 24th Michigan Infantry, p. 87). Zuerst wurde die 7th Michi­gan Infantry über­gesetzt, die die Hauptlast des Kampfes trug (Curtis, ); hierbei wurde Baxter verwundet und erlitt einen Lungendurchschuß (Report von Col. Norman J. Hall, OR 21:282-84; abgedruckt bei Luvaas / Nelson: Chancellorsville and Frede­ricksburg, p. 16; Boatner, p. 51). BrigGen USV 12.3.1863.

 

Im Sommer 1963 und im Battle of Gettysburg BrigGen und Brigadekommandeur 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division BrigGen John C. Ro­binson I Army Corps Doubleday; Teilnahme am Battle of Gettysburg. Baxter's Brigade bestand aus folgenden Regimentern (Pfanz: Gettysburg, p. 444):

- 12th Massachusetts Infantry Col James L. Bates,

LtCol David Allen, jr.

- 83rd New York Infantry (9th New York Militia) LtCol

Joseph A. Moesch

- 97th New York Infantry Col Charles Wheelock; Major

Charles Northrup

- 11th Pennsylvania Infantry Col Richard Coulter, Capt

Benjamin F. Haines, Capt John B. Overmyer

- 88th Pennsylvania Infantry Major Benezet F. *Foust,

Capt Henry Whiteside

- 90th Pennsylvania Infantry Col Peter Lyle, Major Alfred S. Sellers, Col Peter Lyle

 

Breveted am 1.4.1865 zum MajGen USV für seinen Einsatz in den Schlachten von Wilderness, Dabney's Mills, Five Forks; ausge­mustert nach 3maliger Verwundung am 24.8.1865. US-Botschafter in Honduras 1866-69.

 

 

Baxter, Joseph H.:

US-Captain; Co. G&H, 22nd Regiment Massachusetts Infantry; er trat 1861 als Sergeant in das Regiment ein (National Park Soldiers M544 Roll 2). Zuvor war Baxter in der Cambridge Company of the Massachusetts Volunteer Militia bei Fort Monroe eingesetzt (Bennett: Musket and Sword, p. 30).

 

Am 30.6.1862 kommandierte Sergeant Baxter die Co. G, 22nd Regiment Massachusetts Infantry, auf dem Rückzug bei Malvern Hill, nachdem der Kompaniechef bei Malvern Hill in Kriegsgefangenschaft geraten war und die Kompanie keinen 1stLt hatte. Das ganze Regiment wies nur eine Stärke von 300 Mann (Bennett: Musket and Sword, p. 65-66). Am 5.9.1862 wurde Baxter zum 2ndLt befördert (Bennett: Mus­ket and Sword, p. 85).

 

 

Bayard, E. C.:

US-Captain; im Sommer 1963 AAG von MajGen John F. Reynolds (gef. 1.7.1863 Gettysburg) (Fishel: Secret War, p. 680 n1).

 

 

Bayard, George Dashiell:

US-BrigGen; 1835 - † 13.12.62 Fredericksburg; aus New York; West Point 1856 (11/49); Cavalry Fighting in den Indian Wars wobei er durch einen vergifte­ten Pfeil verwundet wurde; anschließend Cavalry Instructor in West Point; Beförderung zum Captain 4th US-Cavalry am 20.8.1861; anschließend aus der 4th US-Cavalry beurlaubt, übernahm er die 1st Pennsylvania Cavalry; Col 14.9.1861; er kämpfte bei Dranes­ville und gegen Jackson in der Valley Campaign bei Harrisonburg und Port Republic. BrigGen USV am 28.4.1862; Brigadekomman­deur CavBrig III Army of Virginia vom 26.6.1862 - 12. September 1862 (Boatner, p. 52); er war einer der beiden Kavallerie­führer der im Sommer 1862 neu aufgestellten Army of Virginia unter John Pope (Krick: Cedar Mountain, p. 5, 43); Ba­yard führte die US-Vorhut bei Cedar Mountain am 9.8.1862 (Boatner: Dictionary, p. 52). In summer 1862 Bayard commanded the cavalry of McDowell's Army Corps, Pope's Army of Virginia (Hennessy: Return to Bull run, p. 40).

 

Brigadekommandeur der Cavalry Brigade, Left Grand Div. Potomac von September 1862 bis 13.12.1862 (Boatner: Dictionary, p. 52).

 

McClellan's Vorstoß über den Potomac nach Virginia Anfang Nov. 1862 veranlaßte Gen Robert E. Lee zu einer Umgruppierung sei­ner Kräfte, die von Williamsburg/Va nach Winchester/Shenandoah verlegt wurden und dadurch außerhalb der Reichweite von Prof. *Lowe's Balloons bei Bolivar Heights nahe Harper's Ferry gerieten. The task of tracking them fell to Alfred Pleasonton's cavalry bri­gade, soon to be joined by the brigade of BrigGen George Bayard (Fishel: Secret War, p. 251).

 

Tödlich verwundet im Battle of Fredericksburg am 13.12.1862 (Alexander: Fighting for the Confederacy, p. 580 Anm. 36), struck fa­tally by a fragment of shell, presumably by the far reaching Whitworth Gun of Captain Robert A. *Hardaway (Wittenberg: The Union Cavalry comes to age, p. 26).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bayard, George D.: Correspondence. United States Military Academy Library, West Point / New York

- Bayard, George D., Owen Jones and John P. Taylor: History of the First Reg't Pennsylvania Reserve Cavalry (Philadelphia, 1864)

- Bayard, Samuel J.: Life of George Dashiell Bayard (New York: G. B. Putnam's Sons, 1874)

 

 

Bayles, Jonah:

US-Pvt; Co. E&A, 7th Regiment West Virginia Infantry (National Park Soldiers M507 Roll 1).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bayles, Jonah: „On Cemetery Hill.“ National Tribune, September 1, 1910

 

 

Baylor, George:

CS-Captain; zunächst Pvt, Co. G, 2nd Virginia Infantry (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 4), Stonewall Brigade (Robertson: Stonewall Brigade, p. 9; Noswor­thy, Bloody Crucible, p. 712); im Herbst 1861 war Baylor Pvt 2nd Virginia Infantry (Tanner: Stonewall in the Valley, p. 45); Baylor war später 2ndLt; Co. B, 12th Regiment Virginia Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 4) und 2ndLt Co D, 7th Regiment Virginia Cavalry (Ashby's) (National Park Sol­diers M382 Roll 4).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Baylor, George: Bull Run to Bull Run: Or, Four Years in the Army of Northern Virginia (Richmond 1900; First Edition). Nevins says "A much consulted memoir by a Virginia cavalryman; especially good for Baylor's discerning personal observations"

 

 

Baylor, George W.:

CS-Col; als Lt Aide im Stab von MajGen Albert Sidney Johnston in der Shiloh Campaign (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 44, 125, 129, 195, 196); Baylor tötete in der Nachkriegszeit im April 1865 in Houston / Texas in einem Duell CS-Col John *Wharton von den Texas Rangers (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 190).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Baylor, George W.: "With Gen. A. S. Johnston at Shiloh." Confederate Veteran, vol. 5 (1897), S. 609-13

 

 

Baylor, John Robert:

CS-LtCol, 2nd Texas Mounted Rifles (Josephy: The War in the West, p. 28); Vorkriegszeit: bekannter Indianerkämpfer, der im Mittel­punkt erhitzter Kontroversen wegen seiner unbarmherzigen Vorgehensweise gegen die Indianer stand (Josephy: The War in the West, p. 22); Baylor rief im Februar 1861 in texanischen Zeitungen zur Aufstellung von 1000 Männern einer be­waffneten (und getarnten) "buffalo-hunting Expedition" auf (Josephy: The War in the West, p. 22; Darrow, Caroline Bald­win: Recollection of the Twiggs Sur­render; in Johnson / Buel, Battles and Leaders, Vol I From Sumter to Shiloh, p. 33 f), de­ren Ziel es war, in der Zeit vor dem *Twiggs Surrender" das Army-Arsenal in San Antonio zu besetzen. Bei Kriegsbeginn wurde Baylor zum LtCol im 2nd Regiment Texas Mounted Rifles gewählt (Josephy: The Civil War in the America West, p. 28; Allardice: More Generals in Gray, p. 32).

 

Ende Juni / Anfang Juli 1861 besetzte LtCol 2nd Mounted Texas Rifle Regiment das von US-Truppen geräumte Fort Bliss und nahm Fort *Fillmore/NMT infolge von Unfähigkeit oder Verrat durch dessen Kommandant Major Isaac *Lynde (Alberts: The Battle of Glorieta, p. 6); Baylor fiel hierdurch das gesamte südliche NMT in die Hand.

 

Im Zuge seines weiteren Vorgehens Richtung Albuquerque erzwang Baylor die Räumung des gesamten Südens des NMT. Baylor be­setzte mit weniger als 500 Mann das gesamte Arizona Territory und gewann aus den früheren US-Stützpunkten große Mengen an Versorgungsgütern (Teel: Sibley's New Mexican Campaign; in: Battles & Leaders, vol 2, S. 700). Am 1.8.1861 erließ Baylor eine Proklamation, in der er das Gebiet bis zum 34. Breitengrad zum Confederate Territory von Arizona mit der Hauptstadt Mesilla erklär­te und sich selbst zum Governor ausrief (Josephy: The Civil War in the West, p. 50). Später in der New Mexico Cam­paign von Brig­Gen *Sibley zum Kommandeur aller CS-Truppen in New Mexico ernannt (Alberts: The Battle of Glorieta, p. 11; Darrow, Caroline Baldwin: Recollection of the Twiggs Surrender; in Johnson / Buel, Battles and Leaders, Vol I From Sum­ter to Shiloh, p. 33 f).

 

Nach dem Abzug der US-Truppen unternahmen die hier ansässigen Indianer den Versuch, die Weißen aus Arizona zu vertreiben. Baylor, dessen Grausamkeit gegenüber den Indianern bereits in der Vorkriegszeit berüchtigt gewesen war, rief im Zuge der Kämpfe schriftlich zur Vernichtung der Indianer auf. Dieser Brief an den Befehlshaber der ihm unterstellten Arizona Guards wurde öffentlich bekannt und löste eine Skandal aus. CD-Präsident Davis setzte daraufhin 1862 Baylor als Governor des Arizona Territory ab (Josephy, The Civil War in the American West, S. 51).

 

Photo:

- Allardice, p. 32

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Allardice: More Generals in Gray (Louisiana State University Press, 1995, p. 32

- **Armstrong, A.F.H.: "The Case of Mayor Isaac Lynde," New Mexico Historical Review, Vol. 34, Nr. 1 (January 1961), S. 18-21

- **Darrow, Caroline Baldwin: Recollection of the Twiggs Surrender; in Johnson / Buel, Battles and Leaders, Vol I From Sumter to Shi­loh, p. 33 f

- **Josephy: The Civil War in the American West, p. 22. 43 ff

- **Hall, Martin Hardwick: "The Skirmish at Mesilla," in: Arizona and the West, Vol 1 Nr. 4 (Winter 1959), S. 347

- **McKee, James C.: Narrative of the Surrender of a Command of US Forces at Fort Fillmore, NM, in July, 1861 (Stagecoach Press: Houston, 1960)

- **Pettis, George H: The Confederate Invasion of New Mexico and Arizona; in: Battles and Leaders, Vol. 2 S. 103

- **Teel, Trevanion T.: Sibley's New Mexican Campaign; in: Battles & Leaders, vol 2, S. 700

- **Thompson, Jerry D.: Colonel John Robert Baylor: Texas Indian Fighter and Confederate Soldier (Hillsboro, Texas: Hill Junior Col­lege Press, 1971)

 

 

Baylor, Robert W.:

CS-Captain; Co. ?, 7th Regiment Virginia Cavalry (Ashby's) (National Park Soldiers M384 Roll 4); 1861 Kompaniechef in Ashby's Cavalry (McDo­nald: Laurel Brigade, p. 25, 383), später (1862 ?) Captain Co. B, 12th Regiment Virginia Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M384 Roll 4).

 

 

Baylor, Thomas Gregory:

US-Col; aus Virginia; West Point +++; 1856/57 Stubenkamerad von Edward Porter Alexander (Alexander: Fighting for the Confed­eracy, p. 8/9). Baylor verblieb trotz seiner Herkunft nach der Sezession in der US Army und diente als Col. während Sher­man's Marsch durch Georgia und Carolina.

 

 

Baylor, William Smith Hanger:

CS-Col (Major); Co. F&S, 5th Regiment Virginia Infantry (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 4)

 

1831-1862 aus Staunton / WV; im April 1861 Führer der "West Augusta Guards" (Robertson: The Stonewall Brigade, p. 5; Davis: Battle of Bull Run, p. 17; Wert: Brotherhood in Valor, p. 19), später Company in 5th Virginia Infantry (Stonewall Brigade). Im Früh­jahr 1962 war Baylor Acting Inspector General des Valley Districts (Hotchkiss: Make me a Map of the Valley, p. 6). Im Juli 1862 Col 5th Virginia Infantry; Stonewall Jackson nahm in diesem Regiment am Sonntag 27.7.1862 am Gottesdienst teil (Hotchkiss, Make Me a Map, p. 63). In August 1862 he was made commander of the Stonewall Brigade, and was killed soon thereafter at the Battle of Se­cond Manassas.

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Baylor: William S. H.: Brief veröffentlicht im Staunton / VA 'Vindicator' vom 26.4.1861

- **Baylor, William Smith Hanger (1831-1862): Correspondence. 0.1 cu. ft. Augusta County, Virginia, resident. Colonel of Augusta County Volunteer companies, and later appointed to command the 5th Virginia Regiment. In August 1862 he was made commander of the Stonewall Brigade, and was killed soon thereafter at the Battle of Second Manassas. There are three items in the collection: two letters from Baylor to his wife (April 22, and August 18, 1862), and a letter from Edward P. Walton to Mrs. Baylor written after Baylor's death (October 1, 1862). Baylor's letters refer to the destruction caused by the war, his promotion to "Colonelcy" and to Bri­gade Commander, his health, and General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson. Walton's letter expresses sympathy to Baylor's widow, and comments on Baylor's religious conviction and General Jackson's regard for him (Virginia Tech, Univ. Libraries, Special Collections: Civil War guide - Manuscript Sources for Civil War Research in the Special Collections Department of the Virginia Tech Libraries Ms85-002)

- **Baylor, William S. H.: Excerpt of letter to John Peyton Clark. Typescript. John Peyton Clark Journal. Louisa Crawford Collecti­on. Archives, Handley Library, Winchester/VA

- **Baylor, William Smith Hanger: Correspondence. Special Collections, University Libraries, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg/VA

- **Baylor, William Smith Hanger: Baylor File, Compiled Service Record, National Archives, Washington/DC

 

 

Bayne, Samuel H.:

US-1stLt; Co. H, 96th regiment Illinois Infantry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 9; Partridge: History of the Ninety-sixth Regi­ment Ill. Vol. Inf., p. 52).

 

3.6.1836 Philadelphia / Pennsylvania - † 10.7.1933; beerd. Steele Cemetery, Falls City, Richardson County, Nebrasca; der Grabstein trägt die Inschrift „96 IL 1 Lt Co. H“ (www.findagrave.com, Abruf vom 15.5.2016); °° mit Mary A. Bayne (1841-1917) (www.fin­dagrave.com, Abruf vom 15.5.2016).

 

 

Beach, Frank (Francis):

US-Col; Co. F&S, 16th Regiment Connecticut Infantry (National Park Soldiers M535 Roll 1; first name given as 'Frank'; Gordon, Lesley J.: „All Who Went into That Batt­les Were Heroes“; in: Gallagher (ed.): Antietam Campaign, a.a.O., S. 171, first Name given as 'Francis').

 

Beach was professional Officer, 1857 West Point; he had served in Utah and on the western plains fighting Indians; he was son of prominent Hartford banker George Beach (Gordon, Lesley J.: „All Who Went into That Battles Were Heroes“; in: Gallagher (ed.): Antietam Campaign, p. 171).

 

Photo:

- Gordon, Lesley J.: „All Who Went into That Battles Were Heroes“; in: Gallagher (ed.): Antietam Campaign, a.a.O., S. 171: Col Francis Beach (Original Connecticut State Archives, RG 69:23, box 10, folder B, MCH copy negative)

 

 

Beach, John N.:

US-Surgeon; Co. F&S, 40th Regiment Ohio Infantry (National Park Soldiers M552 Roll 6); auch 'John M. Beach'

 

Während der Atlanta Campaign 1864 gehörte die 40th Ohio Infantry unter Col Jacob E. Taylor zur 2nd Brigade BrigGen Walter C. Whitaker, 1st Division MajGen David S. Stanley, IV. Corps MajGen Oliver Otis *Howard, MajGen George H. Thomas’ Army of the Cumberland (B & L vol. IV, S. 284). Teilnahme am Battle of Resaca am 14./15.5.1864. Die Division Stanley war hierbei am äußers­ten linken Flügel der US-Front eingesetzt, wo sie praktisch in der Luft hing. Gegen diesen Flügel erfolgte der CS-Angriff von Gen Hood mit den Divisionen Stewart und Stevenson mit dem Ziel Sherman‘s Army zu flankieren und sie von ihren rückwärtigen Verbin­dungen nach Snake Creek Gap abzuschneiden. Der Angriff wurde erst im letzten Moment, nachdem die US-Front bereits zerbrochen war, durch Captain Simonson‘s Artillery im direkten Beschuß zusammen geschossen (Castel: Decision in the West, p. 163 ff).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beach, John N.: History of the Fortieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry (London / Ohio: Sheperd & Craig Printers, 1884)

 

 

Beach, William A.:

US-Pvt; Co. H, 154th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 8).

 

 

Beach, William H.:

US-Pvt; Co. B, 10th Regiment Indiana Infantry (National Park Soldiers M540 Roll 5).

 

 

Beach, William H.:

CS-First Sergeant; Co. E, 21st Regiment Mississippi Infantry (National Park Soldiers M232 Roll 3; McPherson: For Cause & Comrades, p. 7, 8). Beach was a planter's son and had attended Princeton (McPherson: For Cause & Comrades, p. 8).

 

 

Beach, William H.:

US-1stLt/Adjutant; Co. F&S, 1st Regiment New York Cavalry; zunächst Sergeant, Co. B, 1st Regiment New York Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 8).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beach, William H. (Sgt., Co. B): The First New York (Lincoln) Cavalry From April 19, 1861 to July 7, 1865 (Lincoln Cavalry Association, N. Y., 1902)

 

 

Beach, William H.:

US-Blacksmith; Co. C, 1st Regiment New York Veteran Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 8); original filed under 'William H. Beech'.

 

 

Beach, William H.:

US-Pvt; Co. E, 2nd Regiment New York Veteran Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 8).

 

 

Beach, William H.:

US-Pvt; Co. L, 5th Regiment Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery (204th Volunteers) (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 6).

 

 

Beach, William H.:

CS-Corporal; Co. G, 5th Regiment Virginia Infantry (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 4).

 

 

Beach, William H.:

CS-Pvt; Co. F, 6th Regiment Virginia Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 4).

 

 

Beach, William H.:

CS-Pvt; Co. A, 11th Regiment Virginia Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 4).

 

+++++

 

Beach, William H.:

CS-Pvt; Co. A, 11th Regiment Virginia Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 4).

 

 

Beal, George Lafayette:

US-MajGen (Boatner: Dictionary, p. 52); Captain, Co. G, 1st Regiment Maine Infantry (3 months, 1861) (National Park Soldiers M543 Roll 2); Col, Co. F&S, 10tr Regiment Maine Infantry 26.10.1861 (National Park Soldiers M543 Roll 2; Boatner: Dictionary, p. 52); mustered out 8.5.1863, and commissio­ned Col, Co. F&S, 29th Regiment Maine Infantry 17.12.1863 (Boatner: Dictionary, p. 52); BrigGen 30.11.1864, he commanded, in the Gulf, 2, 1 XIX (15.2.-24.3.1864) and 1, 1, IXIX (18.4.-5.7.1864). He also led the brigade in the Army of the Shenandoah (6.8.-14.10.1864 and 13.12.1864-20.5.1865) and let 1st Brigade, 1st Pro. Div., Army Shenandoah, and 1, Dwight's Division, XXII, Washington. Bre­veted for war service (BrigGen 22.8.1864 and MajGen), he was mustered out in 1866 (Boatner: Dictionary, p. 52);

 

1862 Col. 10th Maine Infantry; Battle of Cedar Mountain (Battles and Leaders, vol. II., S. 496).

 

 

Beall, John Yates:

CS-Spion, CS-Lt.; Beall stammte aus wohlhabender Familie aus dem Jefferson County, VA; bei Kriegsausbruch Private in "Bott's Greys", Co. G, 2nd Virginia Infantry, Stonewall Brigade (Robertson, p. 16); ausgeschieden wegen Verwundung; im Februar 1863 schlug Beall in einem Memorandum vor, in der Chesapeake Bay einen "privateering Raid" gegen US-Schiffe durchzuführen, worauf­hin er als Acting Master in die CS-Navy aufgenommen wurde; ab August 1863 führte Beall Aktionen durch, bei denen ein Schooner und vier Fischerboote aufgebracht wurden, das Seekabel zwischen Fort Monroe und Washington gekappt und der Leucht­turm am Cape Charles zerstört wurde. Später schloß sich Beall der CS-Secret Service Gruppe in Kanada an und war am Versuch be­teiligt, die USS-Michigan auf dem Lake Erie zu kapern. Nach dem Fehlschlag gehörte Beall zu einer Secret Service Gruppe um *Booth, die im Norden Anschläge planten. Nach einem fehlgeschlagenen Versuch, einen Zug mit gefangenen CS-Generälen bei de­ren Verlegung mittels Eisenbahntransport im Staat New York zu befreien, wurde Beall am 16.12.1864 in Buffalo festgenommen; ein Befreiungsver­such schlug fehl; Beall wurde am 24.2.1865 in New York am 23.2.1865 nach Todesurteil wegen Piraterie und Spionage am Galgen hingerichtet. Angeblich hat Booth bei Lincoln für Beall um Gnade gebeten, und nach der Ablehnung des Gnadengesuchs Lincoln er­mordet.

 

Documents/Literature:

- Confederate Veteran VII (1899), S. 66-69

- Confederate Veteran XXXV (September 1927), S. 337-39

- **Headley, John W.: The Confederates Try to Born New York City; in: Headley: Confederate Operations on Canada and New York 1906 (abgedruckt bei Van Doren Stern: Secret Missions, p. 257, 267)

- Markle, Donald E.: Spies and Spymasters, p. 93

- Robertson, Stonewall Brigade, p. 16 und Anm. 10

- Tidwell, April '65, Confederate Covert Action, p. 93-94, 142, 145-46, 211, 237

 

 

Beale, George W.:

CS-1stLt; Co. C, 9th Regiment Virginia Cavalry (Johnson's); er trat als Sergeant in das Regiment ein (National Park Soldiers M384 Roll 4).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beale, G. W. (9th Va. Cav.): A Lieutenant of Cavalry in Lee's Army (The Gorham Press: Boston, 1908; reprinted 1994)

- Beale, George W.: „The Story of General Averell's Interview with a Confederate Prisoner Retold“. Richmond Times-Dispatch, 4.3.1906

Beale, George W.: „General Wade Hampton: Tribute from a Virginian who Served Under Him.“ Richmond Dispatch 4.5.1902

 

 

Beale, Richard Lee Turberville:

CS-BrigGen; 1819-93; aus Virginia; Studium der Rechtswissenschaften; Rechtsanwalt; Abgeordneter im Virginia Congress und US-Congress; Im Mai 1861 1st Lt in Lee's Legion (Lee's Light Horse) und Patrouillen-Tätigkeit am Potomac. Captain im Juli 1861; Ma­jor im Oktober 1861. Im Frühjahr 1862 wurde seine Kompanie mit der 9th Virginia Cavalry verschmolzen. LtCol im April 1862. Col 9th Virginia Cavalry im Oktober 1862. Beale führte das Regiment in den Schlachten von Chancellorsville und Gettysburg. Schwer verwundet in einem Scharmützel im September 1863. Seine Truppen töteten Col Ulric *Dahlgren während dessen Richmond Raid und übermittelten die Dahlgren Papers nach Richmond. Im Spätjahr 1864 Brigadekommandeur. BrigGen am 6.2.1865. Seine Beför­derung erfolgte verspätet, weil Angestellte im Kriegsministerium seine Personalakte verlegt hatten und anschließend zum Militär­dienst eingezogen worden waren. In der Nachkriegszeit erneut Rechtsanwalt und Abgeordneter im US Congress.

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beale, Richard Lee Turberville: History of the Ninth Virginia Cavalry in the War between the States (Richmond, 1899)

- **Beale, R. L. T.: "Part Taken by the Ninth Virginia Cavalry in Reppeling the Dahlgren Raid." Southern Historical Society Papers 3 (1877), S. 219-21

- Wakelyn/Vandiver: Biographical Dictionary of the Confederacy, p. 94

 

 

Beall, William N. R.:

CS-++General

 

 

Beals, Thomas P.:

US-Captain; Co. C&H, 32nd Regiment Maine Infantry; Beals trat als Sergeant in das Regiment ein (National Park Soldiers M543 Roll 2); auch Captain, Co. H, 31st Regiment Maine Infantry (National Park Soldiers M543 Roll 2).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beals, Thomas P.: „In a Charge Near Fort Hell, Petersburg, April 2, 1864.“ In War Papers Read before the Commandery of the State of Maine, Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, vol. 2, 105-115 (Portland, ME: Lefavor-Tower, 1902)

 

 

Bean, Theodore W.:

US-Captain; Co. L, 17th Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry (162nd Volunteers); mustered in as 2ndLt (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 6).

 

1863 in the Gettysburg Campaign, Bean was Staff officer in John Buford's cavalry division (Ryan: Spies, p. 18).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bean, Theodore: „The 17th Penna. Cavalry … in the Gettysburg Campaign.“ Philadelphia Weekly Press, 27 June 1866

- Bean, Theo W.: „General Buford at Gettysburg – The Cavalry Ride into Pennsylvania and the Choice of the Field – The First Day on the Outposts Before the Arrival of the Infantry,“ Gettysburg Sources, 3 vols (Baltimore, MD, 1990), 3:73

 

 

Bear, Henry C.:

US-Pvt; Co. A, 116th Regiment Illinois Infantry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 5).

 

Documents/Literature:Ryan

- **Temple, Wayne C. (ed.): The Civil War Letters of Henry C. Bear: A Soldier in the 116th Illinois Volunteer Infantry (Harrogate / Tenn.: Lincoln Memorial University Press, 1961)

 

 

Beard, Harry W.:

US-Captain; Co. EID, 30th Regiment Missouri Infantry (National Park Soldiers M390 Roll 3).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Beard Daniel Carter Family Papers, Library of Congress, Washington/DC, includes about 30 letters from Capt. Harry Beard, 30^th Missouri Infantry, to his mother, 1862 - 65, concerning the Vicksburg and Mobile campaigns, operations along the Mississippi River, the Arkansas Post (Fort Hindman) expedition, and the occupation of Galveston, Tex., in June 1865. Provides information on the orga­nization and performance of black troops, attitudes toward black soldiers, camp life, morale, marches, discipline, foraging expediti­ons, diet, casualties, generalship, Confederate deserters, the appearance and treatment of prisoners of war, and the treatment of non­combatants at Vidalia, La., New Orleans, La., Vicksburg, Miss., Mobile, Ala., and Galveston, Tex. Also contains details on skirmis­hes with Gen. Wirt Adams (CSA) in Mississippi, and Gen. Henry W. Slocum's expedition toward Jackson, Miss., July 3-9, 1864

 

 

Beard, Jacob Waitsell:

CS-Pvt; Co. E, 57th Regiment North Carolina Infantry (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

17.3.1833 Newton, Catawba County, North Caroli­na - † 4.11.1882 Newton, NC., buried Eastview Cemetery, NC; ∞ 3.8.1877 Marga­ret Thornburg Beard (1853-1942) www.findagrave.com, ac­cessed 13.5.2018).

 

 

Beard, Richard:

CS-Captain; Co. E, 9th Regiment Confederate Infantry (National Park Soldiers M818 Roll 2); also 5th Confederate Infantry, 5th Regiment Ten­nessee (Library of Congress, Washington/DC).

 

1799-1880 (Library of Congress, Washington/DC).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Beard, Richard: Letter, 1875: Union and American, June 27, 1875, defending himself against accusations concerning the death of Gen. James B. McPherson in the Atlanta Campaign (Library of Congress, Washington/DC).

 

 

Beard, Robert M:

CS-Pvt; Co. B, 2nd North Carolina Artillery Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beard, T.M.:

CS-Pvt; Co. G, 1st North Carolina Artillery Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beard, T.M.:

CS-Pvt; Co. C, 4th North Carolina Infantry Regiment, originally filed under J. M. Beard (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beard, W. F.:

CS-Pvt; Co. A, 12th North Carolina Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beard, W. H.:

CS-Pvt; Co. C, 57th North Carolina Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beard, W. J.:

CS-Pvt; Co. C, 57th North Carolina Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3); original filed under William Beard.

 

 

Beard, W. J.:

CS-Pvt; Co. H, 68th North Carolina Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beard, W. S.:

CS-Pvt; Co. B, 28th North Carolina Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beard, W. W.:

CS-Pvt; Co. C, 57th North Carolina Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beard, William:

CS-Pvt; Co. C, 4th Regiment, North Carolina Cavalry (59th North Carolina State Troops) (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beard, William:

CS-Pvt; Co. C, 57th North Carolina Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beard, William H.:

CS-Pvt; Co. E, 8th North Carolina Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beard, William C.:

CS-Pvt; Co. H, 58th North Carolina Infantry Regiment, ursprünglich from 5 (Palmer's) Battalion N.C. Partisan Rangers, dann with 60 N.C. Infantry, forming (New) 58 N.C. Infantry (State Troops) (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beard, William H.:

CS-Corporal; Co. D, 52nd North Carolina Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beard, William Harman:

CS-Pvt; Co. E, 13th Regiment Georgia Infantry (National Park Soldiers M226 Roll 4; Coco: Civil War Infantryman, p. vii).

 

Beard, a resident of Randolph County, had enlisted at Griffin Georgia on 8.7.1861 and was described as measuring 5' 6'' tall, with fair complexion, dark hair and gray eyes. During his time in the Regiment he was absent for only a few month in 1863 and 1864 due to typhoid fever He served in the regiment until captured at High Bridge, VA near Appomattox Court House on 6.4.1865. After serving 2 month and 20 days as a prisoner of war in 1865, Beard returned to his home near Cuthbert/GA where he died on 13.9.1921. Beard's Enfield rifle musket was picked up after the Battle of Gettysburg as a trophy, left behind by Beard for unknown reason. Beard had „personalized“ the weapon by carving his name in the stock (Coco: Civil War Infantryman, p. vii).

 

 

Beard, William M.:

CS-Pvt; Co. B, 25th North Carolina Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beard, William R.:

CS-Pvt; Co. I, 35th North Carolina Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beard, William W.:

CS-Captain, Co. F, 37th North Carolina Infantry Regiment; er trat als Second Lieutenant in das Regiment ein (National Park Sol­diers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beard, Windsor F.:

CS-Pvt; Co., 2nd North Carolina Artillery Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Bearde, James:

CS-Pvt; Co. A, 14th Battalion North Carolina Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Bearden, J. F.:

CS-+++; Co. F, 15th North Carolina Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 4).

 

 

Bearden, H. M.:

CS-2ndLt; Co. D, 39th North Carolina Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3). Anm. s. Second Lieutenant William M. *Bearden.

 

Ein H.M. Bearden wird als Corporal/Color Guard, Co. E, 1st Regiment, North Carolina Infantry (6 months, 1861) erwähnt (Na­tional Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Bearden, Marcus J.:

CS-Quartermaster, Co. F&S, 58th North Carolina Infantry Regiment; er kam als Acting Quartermaster from 5 (Palmer's) Battalion N.C. Partisan Rangers. Consolidated April 9. 1862 (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Bearden, William M.:

CS-2ndLt; Co. D, 39th North Carolina Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Beardslee, Frederick E.:

US-Captain; 2ndLt Signal Corps (National Park Soldiers M1290 Roll 3); in the Chancellorsville Campaign he is named Cap­tain (Sears: Chancellorsville, p. 195). Son of the Magneto-Electric-Machine's in inventor (Sears: Chancellorsville, p. 195).

 

 

Beardsley, Ambrose E.:

US-Captain; Co. H&C, 20th Regiment Connecticut Infantry (National Park Soldiers M535 Roll 1).

 

Im September 1862 Lt Beardsley was detailed as Aid de Camps to the Brigade Commander, BrigGen Thomas L. Kane (Storrs: The Twentieth Connecticut, p. 29). On 27.1.1863 Beardsley was detailed as Brigade Inspector (Storrs: The Twentieth Connecticut, p. 43).

 

 

Beardsley, John:

US-Col; Co. F&S, 9th Regiment New York Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 8).

 

In summer 1862 Beardsley commanded the 4 mounted regiments to Sigel's Army Corps, Pope's Army of Virginia (Hennessy: Return to Bull run, p. 40).

 

„Born on October 12, 1816, in Fairfield, Herkimer County, New York, John Beardsley was appointed to the United States Military Academy in 1837. He graduated 17th in the class of 1841, which included such future luminaries as John Reynolds, Robert Garnett, Richard Garnett, Don Carlos Buell, Nathaniel Lyon and Israel Richardson, all of whom would become generals in the Civil War.

Upon graduation, Beardsley joined the 8th Infantry. Beardsley served in the Seminole War in Florida from 1841-42, and in Mexico. In 1846 with the 8th Infantry, Beardsley participated in the Battle of Palo Alto and in the Battle of Resaca de la Palma. On June 18, Beardsley was promoted to first lieutenant.

 

The 8th Infantry was assigned to serve with the expeditionary force of Maj. Gen. Winfield Scott, then preparing for an amphibious landing at Vera Cruz. When the invasion began, the 8th Infantry participated in the Siege of Vera Cruz and in the Battle of Cerro Gordo, where their division played an important role in the rout of the Mexican forces. Fighting alongside his comrade in the 8th Infantry, Lt. James Longstreet, Beardsley fought in the Battle of Churusbusco and at the Battle of Molino del Rey, where he was severely wounded in action while leading an assault on the Mexican works.

 

His conduct at Molino del Rey caught the eye of his superiors, and Beardsley received a brevet to captain for gallant and meritorious service. It took him more than a year to recover from his wound, and he did not return to active duty until 1849, when he was promoted to Captain and company command in the 8th Infantry. After several more garrison assignments, and as a result of visual impairment and lingering problems resulting from his combat wound, Capt. John Beardsley resigned his commission on December 31, 1853, thus ending a twelve year career in the Regular Army marked by regular promotions and meritorious service.

 

The decorated war hero returned home to New York and took up a career in farming. He led a quiet life on his farm near Athens, New York until the storm clouds of Civil War gathered in 1861. In October of that year, the governor of New York appointed Beardsley as colonel of the 9th New York Cavalry, and gave him the task of recruiting, arming, and training the regiment. His commission was dated November 21, 1861. Interestingly, Beardsley brought two servants with him, Horace, a tall (5’8″) black man with black eyes and hair, and Kip, a dark complexioned male. Due to administrative problems, Beardsley’s command did not receive mounts until the spring of 1862, and had a troubled early history. At one point, while Beardsley struggled to train his demoralized recruits in the tactics of fighting on foot, a proposal was made to either disband the unit, or to assign its men to various artillery batteries. Elements of the 9th New York served with various artillery batteries and infantry regiments during the Peninsula Campaign. Finally, the regiment’s men rebelled and refused to serve with the artillery or infantry any longer. As a result of the near mutiny, Maj. Gen. George McClellan ordered the unit sent north to be mustered out of service in May 1862.

 

Put aboard ships, the New Yorkers expected to be mustered out of service upon their arrival in Washington, D.C. Instead, the men of the regiment went into camp and were surprised when orders for the regiment to be mounted arrived on June 21, 1862. The newly mounted troopers moved to the front in July 1862, joining Pope’s newly-formed Army of Virginia. Col. Beardsley reported to Maj. Gen. Franz Sigel, who assigned Beardsley to command a brigade of cavalry consisting of the 4th New York, 9th New York, 6th Ohio, and 1st Maryland. Given his background as a West Pointer, and his previous record of valor, John Beardsley seemed to be as good a choice to command a brigade of cavalry as Brig. Gens. John Buford and George D. Bayard, who commanded the other two brigades assigned to Pope’s army.

 

Buford and Bayard did outstanding service during what became the Second Manassas Campaign, prompting Pope to praise their service lavishly. However, the official reports are devoid of mentions of either Beardsley or his brigade. The brigade played a limited role in the campaign, its principal contribution being the capture of the Waterloo Bridge, near Warrenton, Virginia, on August 25. Elements of the brigade served with Buford’s troopers on August 30, participating in the short but fierce cavalry fight at the Lewis Ford, in the closing engagement of the Second Battle of Bull Run.

 

The rest of Beardsley’s command was assigned the hopeless task of trying to stem the stampede to the rear after Beardsley’s old comrade in arms, Maj. Gen. James Longstreet, launched his massive counterattack against the Union left on the afternoon of August 30. Thereafter, Beardsley ordered his men to form line of battle (in a single rank) to the east of Henry House Hill, astride the Warrenton Turnpike, to cover the retreat of the army. Beardsley’s brigade eventually followed the broken army off the field.

Beardsley’s report on the conduct of his brigade during the campaign is brief and cursory. His summary of the action ends by stating, “It would be difficult to enumerate all the duties which my brigade performed. It could not have done more. Without transportation, without supplies, almost constantly in the saddle day and night, frequently engaged with the enemy, they bore all without a murmur.”

Maj. Gen. Franz Sigel, Beardsley’s immediate superior, wrote only, “…the commanders of our small cavalry force have assisted me under all circumstances cheerfully and to the utmost of their ability…” Sigel’s failure to recognize Beardsley as the commander of his cavalry forces, and his insistence upon referring to all of the cavalry officers under his command perhaps demonstrates the corps commander’s displeasure with the brigade commander’s performance.

 

After the ignominious defeat at Second Manassas, Beardsley’s brigade returned to Washington, D.C. with the 11th Corps, where the unit served in the city’s defenses during the Antietam Campaign. Beardsley and his brigade rejoined the reconstituted Army of the Potomac in November. Sometime in late 1862, Col. Beardsley was put in command of the cavalry Convalescent’s Camp near Hal’s Farm in northern Virginia, where he remained until late February 1863. On February 24, 1863, General-in-Chief Henry Halleck sent a curious order to the Army of the Potomac’s commander, Major General Joseph Hooker. Halleck, via his Assistant Adjutant General James Barnett Fry, directed Hooker’s attention to the Convalescent Camp under the command of Colonel Beardsley, and instructed Hooker to issue the necessary orders for Colonel Beardsley to join his proper command, the 9th New York Cavalry. Why would the apparently low profile assignment of a relatively unknown colonel attract the time of the General-in-Chief of all federal armies, his able A.A.G. (who was described by Ulysses S. Grant as one of the best staff officers in the army ) and the recently appointed commander of the government’s principal army (Hooker was appointed in early February 1863)?

Fry’s order generated a brief and furious reaction. On March 10, 1863, Major Charles McLean Knox of the 9th New York Cavalry preferred court martial charges against Colonel Beardsley claiming disloyalty, cowardice and conduct unbecoming an officer and a gentleman resulting from a series of incidents occurring between August 6 and November 4, 1862. Major Knox alleged that Beardsley proclaimed, in the presence of enlisted men of his command, on August 6, that “we have no government that we are fighting for – no government; Congress is a mean, abolition faction; the Constitution is broken – we have no Constitution; the abolitionists of the North brought on this war; the Republicans are abolitionists.” Similarly, Beardsley allegedly said, “I would rather fight under Lee than under an abolition leader” on September 12 when he was informed that General Robert E. Lee had invited the conservative portion of the North to join Lee in putting down the administration in Washington.

 

Major Knox preferred more serious military charges regarding Colonel Beardsley’s actions in the face of the enemy. Knox alleged that Beardsley left his command while it was skirmishing with the enemy on September 1, 1862, when the brigade was serving as the army’s rear guard near Fairfax Courthouse, Virginia. Knox similarly alleged that, on November 4, 1862, during the 11th Corps advance from Centerville, Virginia toward Warrrenton, near New Baltimore, Beardsley precipitately retreated when his command first encountered enemy resistance, with Beardsley “manifest[ing] trepidation and fear . . . placed himself at the head of the retreating column and finally ordered the column to trot . . .” Knox pointed out that 40 men of the 9th New York Cavalry stopped the enemy advanced and drove the Rebels back to New Baltimore while Beardsley conducted his retreat.

 

Knox’s most serious charge related to Beardsley’s conduct on the battlefield at Second Manassas. Knox alleged that on August 30, 1862, Beardsley publicly berated Lt. Col. William Sackett, commanding Beardsley’s own 9th New York Cavalry, while Sackett tried to form line of battle “to stop a stampede that had commenced on the battlefield.” Beardsley allegedly interrupted Sackett’s dispositions of the troops, stating “[w]hat in Hell are you doing with the Regiment there – bring it around here – bring it here, I tell you – by file, march – trot – march – by God, you do not know how to handle a Regiment – I will put someone in command of it that does know how to form a line”. Remember, Beardsley was a career infantry officer whose cavalry regiment had received horses only a little over two months previous to this event. Knox believed that Beardsley’s words and actions indicated that Beardsley “was too much excited to know what he was doing.” Knox went on to allege that Beardsley then left the 9th New York and went to the rear, leaving the command under fire without orders. Lt. Col. Sackett kept his command in place until no more stragglers came his way, and then retired the regiment across Bull Run until he found Colonel Beardsley, from whom Sackett requested instructions. Knox alleged that Beardsley told Sackett to form on one side of the road, but then ordered the 9th New York to the other side of the road while retreating artillery was passing on the road. Knox inferred that Beardsley used the subsequent chaos in the road to abandon his command once again, and that he then rode off to Centerville, leaving the 9th New York formed without orders.

 

Finally, Knox alleged that Beardsley arrested Lt. Col. Sackett on September 8, 1862 while Beardsley was under the influence of alcohol. He averred that the inebriated colonel berated Sackett in an abusive and ungentlemanly manner. This episode involved a matter in which Beardsley never preferred charges against Lt. Col. Sackett.

 

Some support for Major Knox’s charges can be found. Lt. Col. Charles Wetschky of the 1st Maryland Cavalry stated in his official report dated September 17, 1862 that, on August 30, his command was ordered to stop stragglers until Colonel Beardsley subsequently ordered the 1st Maryland to form a line of battle on the right of the retreating column. Lt. Col. Wetschky stated that the line was promptly shelled by artillery, causing Beardsley to pull the line back behind a hill. Beardsley then ordered the 1st Maryland to remain in position until it received further orders. Wetschky reported that “the regiment was left without orders until the bridge over Bull Run had been nearly destroyed, when the officer in charge of the party who were ordered to destroy [the bridge] sent a message for the cavalry to come up in great haste – that he had just discovered that they were still in the rear.”

 

The report of Colonel William Lloyd of the 6th Ohio Cavalry, Beardsley’s final regiment, dated September 13, 1862, recites a consistent story of being formed to stop straggling infantry, and then being shelled by artillery while in position. Lloyd then states “[w]e were shortly thereafter ordered to withdraw, and with the brigade, conducted by Colonel Beardsley, we moved on toward Centerville with the then retreating army.” Is this a clever use of the passive voice, indicating that Beardsley was present during the retreat but that he did not give the order to withdraw from the battlefield proper?

 

Major Knox’s charges were sent to the 1st Cavalry Division on March 10, 1863. On March 12, Brig. General Alfred Pleasonton forwarded the charges to the Cavalry Corps. Pleasonton’s endorsement stated that “Colonel Beardsley . . . is not a proper officer to command a brigade, to which his rank entitles him and from the gravity of these charges, it would evidently be of advantage to the service if he was out of it.” The speed at which Pleasonton’s headquarters forwarded Major Knox’s charges seems to indicate that no deliberation was required before deciding that Beardsley should be removed from command as the spring campaigning season got underway.

 

Beardsley must have realized that he had little chance of retaining his command. He resigned as Colonel of the 9th New York Cavalry on March 14, 1863, and his resignation was speedily accepted by divisional headquarters and sent to the Cavalry Corps on March 16. Corps headquarters was obviously forewarned of the issue, because Colonel Beardsley’s resignation was accepted a mere one day later. Major General George Stoneman, commander of the Cavalry Corps, took time out of his busy schedule (the Battle of Kelly’s Ford was fought between Federal and Confederate cavalry on March 17, as blue clad horse soldiers forces under Brig. Gen. William W. Averell sallied south of the Rappahannock) to accept Beardsley’s resignation with the following endorsement: “Respectfully forwarded with the recommendation as strong as English language can express that it be excepted [sic].”

 

Even more remarkable than the events surrounding Beardsley’s resignation are the efforts made by many people to sweep these ugly incidents under the rug. Instead of elaborating on the reasons why Beardsley left the service, the regimental history of the 9th New York states only, “March 9….Col. Beardsley…rejoined the regiment…June 4, Lieut. Col. Sackett returned from Washington with a Colonel’s commission for himself and a Lieut. Colonel’s commission for Maj. Nichols. Col. Beardsley had resigned.” There were no other references to Beardsley in the balance of the 9th New York’s fine regimental history. An obituary of Beardsley that appeared in a West Point alumni publication simply stated, “Immediately after [Second Bull Run], he came back to the Regiment and assumed command and remained with it until he resigned his commission at Acquier (sic) Creek, on the Potomac, April 8, 1863.” There were no other references to the circumstances underlying the resignation stated.

 

Beardsley returned to New York, where he resided for the rest of his life. In the years after the war, he worked as a farmer and as a trust agent. He died in Athens, New York on February 18, 1906, and was buried in Athens Rural Cemetery. Despite the disgrace that marked the end of his military career, the obituary that appeared in a West Point alumni publication stated, “Colonel Beardsley was highly respected by all who knew him for his excellent qualities of mind and heart.” The cover-up of the circumstances surrounding the end of Beardsley’s career with the 9th New York Cavalry was complete. It is, perhaps, without precedent in American history that a West Pointer with such a distinguished pre-war service record would have his career end so ignominiously, followed by so extensive an effort to sweep the incident under the rug.

 

What happened to John Beardsley on August 30, 1862 that turned the hero of Molino del Rey into a brigade commander who reportedly shied away from combat and apparently abandoned his troops under fire? Perhaps the sight of the Union army being pushed off the plains of Manassas for the second time in 14 months, combined with Beardsley’s obvious contempt for the Republican administration, broke his will resist. Beardsley’s position, at the rear of the army, with all the normal incidents of tales of woe and defeat compounded by the very real success of Longstreet’s attack, could only lead an experienced soldier to the conclusion that John Pope, the Republicans’ hand-picked savior of the East, had badly mismanaged his command. Alternatively, Beardsley could be yet another anti-Pope Democratic old Army officer who fell before Edwin Stanton’s winnowing of the officers corps, as most poignantly exemplified by the Fitz John Porter court martial. This alternative may provide a reason for the involvement of Halleck in this affair.

Thus ends the strange saga of Colonel John Beardsley. A Civil War career that began with such great promise ended with secrecy and cover-up. Perhaps he should have remained a forgotten cavalryman.“ (Erik Wittenberg, in: „Rantings of a Civil War Historian“, 22.4.2009, http://civilwarcavalry.com).

 

 

Beardsley, Samuel R.:

US-Col; Co. F&S, 24th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 8).

 

Document/Literature:

- Beardsley, Samuel R.: Beardsley Collection. United States Army Military History Institute

 

 

Beardsley, William E.:

US-Major; 6th New York Cavalry; im Sommer 1863 gehörte das Regiment unter Regimentskommandeur Beardsley zur 2nd Cavalry Brigade Col Thomas C. Devin 1st Cavalry Division BrigGen John Buford Army of the Potomac (Martin: Gettysburg, p. 39; Pfanz: Gettysburg, p. 454).

 

 

Beatty, David:

US-bushwhacker in Tennessee; nick-named „Tinker Dave“; Beatty was a Unionist in East Tennessee and prior to the war a small far­mer in Fentress County/TN (Fisher: War at every Door, p. 64).

 

 

Beatty, John:

US-BrigGen; Col, Co. F&S, 3rd Regiment Ohio Infantry; mustered in as Pvt, Co. I (National Park Soldiers M552 Roll 6).

 

John Beatty (December 16, 1828 – December 4, 1914) was an American banker and statesman from Sandusky, Ohio. He served as a brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Beatty entered the banking business in Morrow County. Presidential elector for Lincoln/Hamlin in 1860. When the Civil War started Beatty volunteered as a private in the 3rd Ohio Infantry, serving in western Virginia. By 1863, he was commissioned as a brigadier general following his distinguished service in the Battle of Perryville, the Battle of Stones River, and the Tullahoma Campaign. He took command of a brigade of infantry and led it through the rest of the war. Beatty participated in the Tullahoma Campaign, the Battle of Chickamauga, and the successful Union attack on Missionary Ridge during the Chattanooga Campaign. He resigned his commission in January 1864 and re-entered the banking business. Following the war, he represented Ohio in the U.S. Congress from 1868 to 1873. Presidential elector in 1884 for Blaine/ Logan (wikipedia, keyword 'John Beatty', accessed 4.1.2019).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beatty, John (3rd Ohio Volunteers): The Citizen Soldier: Or, Memoirs of a Volunteers (Time Life, NY 1983; Reprint; Originally Pu­blished Cincinnati, 1879); Beatty commanded the 3rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry soon after the attack on Fort Sumter. His diary from June 1861 to January 1864 details the battles of his regiment, which lost nearly 40 percent of its men at Perryville. He tells of horrific fighting at Chickamauga and Missionary Ridge and other battles with the Army of the Cumberland. Nevins calls this "Highly readi­ble observations on military affairs, slavery, officers, and places in both major theaters".

- **Ford, Henry S. (ed.): Memoirs of a Volunteer (New York, 1946)

 

 

Beatty, Taylor:

CS-Col; at first 1stLt/Captain, Co. C&A, 1st Regiment Louisiana Infantry (Strawbridge's) (National Park Soldiers M378 Roll 2). Col, General and Staff Officers, Non-Regimental Enlisted Men (National Park Soldiers M818 Roll 2).

 

1862 Battle of Shiloh as member of 1st Louisiana Infantry (1st Louisiana Regulars) (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 155, 125).

 

In the Chickamauga Campaign August-September 1862 Taylor Beatty was staff officer in Braxton Bragg's Army of Tennessee (Powell: Chickamauga Campaign: Mad Irregular Battle, p. 51); otherwise on 11.9.1863 mentioned as Captain/Judge Advocate Braxton Bragg's Army of the Cumber­land (Powell: Chickamauga Campaign, vol. I: Mad Irregular Battle, p. 51, 223-224).

 

Mitglied im Stab von MajGen John B. *Hood während der Atlanta Campaign (Castel: Decision in the West, p. 201, 412n, 422, 484);

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beatty, Taylor: Diary (Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill)

 

 

Beaty, Powhattan:

US-1stLt; First Sergeant; Co. G, 5th Regiment US Colored Infantry (National Park Soldiers M589 Roll 6).; enlisted as Pvt in June 1863 (Photo Ohio Historical Marker, in: www.findagrave.com, accessed 16.1.2019).

 

Civil War Congressional Medal of Honor Recipient 6.4.1865: he was awarded the Medal of Honor for action on September 29, 1864 at Chapin's Farm, Virginia. His citation reads: "Took command of his company, all the officers having been killed or wounded, and gallantly led it" (National Park Soldiers Medal of Honor; Glatt­haar: Forged in Battle, p. 276).

 

Beaty continued to distinguish himself in the 5th Regiment's further engagements. His actions during the Battle of Fair Oaks & Darbytown Road in October 1864 earned him a mention in the general orders to the Army of the Potomac. The regimental commander, Colonel Giles Shurtleff, twice recommended him for a promotion to commissioned officer. Nothing came of Colonel Shurtleff's requests, however Beaty did receive a brevet promotion to lieutenant. By the time he was mustered out of the Army he had participated in thirteen battles and numerous skirmishes (wikipedia, keyword 'Powhatan Beaty”, accessed 16.1.2019).

 

8.10.1837 Richmond/Va - † 6.12.1916 Cincinnati/OH; buried Union Baptist Cemetery (www.findagrave.com, accessed 16.1.2019). 1849 moved to Cincinnati/OH; after the War, Beaty was attorney and state representative (Photo Ohio Historical Marker, in: www.findagrave.com, accessed 16.1.2019).

 

 

Beaufort, Jean J.:

US-Corporal; geboren in Frankreich; gemustert in New Orleans nach der Besetzung durch US-Truppen; Co A, 2nd Louisiana Infan­try (US) bzw. Co B 8th US-Cavalry (Beyer / Keydel: Deeds of Valor, p. 552); Medal of Honor a, 20.7.1897 für seinen Einsatz in Port Hudson / Louisiana am 20 May 1863. Citation: Volunteered to go within the enemy's lines and at the head of a party of 8 destroyed a signal station, thereby greatly aiding in the operations against Port Hudson that immediately followed

 

 

Beaumont, Eugene Beauharnais:

US-Lt; West Point 1856; Lt im Stab von Gen Sedgwick im Spätsommer 1861; Sedgwick's Brigade lag nach dem Battle of 1st Bull Run au dem Gelände der Frobel Farm zwischen der Old Fairfax Road und dem Leesburg Turnpike in Alexandria / Virginia (Fro­bel, Diary, p. 57-58 mit Abb. S. 55 und 61); er gab an Klassenkamerad von Fitzhugh *Lee zu sein (Frobel, Diary, p. 59). Im November 1862 war Beaumont Lt im Stab von General Halleck in Washington (Frobel Diary, p. 125).

 

 

Beaumont, F.:

britischer Captain der Royal Engineers und britischer offizieller Beobachter während der Peninsular Campaign (Luvaas: The Mi­litary Legacy, p. 23)

 

 

Beaumont, Myron H.:

US-Major; 1st New Jersey Cavalry. Am 29.7.1862 ordnete LtCol Joseph Karge, 1st New Jersey Cavalry, von Elm House, Va. aus eine Aufklärung mit 150 Mann unter Führung von Major Myron H. Beaumont in Richtung Orange Court House an den Rapidan Ri­ver bei Madison Mills, mit dem Befehl, den Fluß nicht zu überqueren Beaumont vertrieb die an der Furt stehenden CS-Posten (Kar­ge's Report OR 12 [2] S. 110; Beaumont's Report OR 12 [2] S. 111). Beaumont unternahm am 1.8.1862 eine bewaffnete Aufklä­rung mit einem Battalion der 1st New Jersey Cavalry gegen Barnett's Ford am Rapidan (Karte bei Krick: Cedar Mountain, p. 18), und ver­trieb nach einem mehrere Stunden dauernden Feuergefecht die in der Mühle an Barnett's Ford liegenden CS-Vorposten (BrigGen Ba­yard's Report OR 12 [2] S. 88). Am 7.8.1862 machte Beaumont unter der Führung von BrigGen Bayard einen er­neuten Vorstoß Rich­tung Barnett's Ford. Hierbei stieß die US-Cavalry auf starke CS-Kräfte der Division Ewell, deren Vorhut aus Ro­bertson's Cavalry be­stand (BrigGen Bayard's Report OR 12 [2] S. 92-93).

 

 

Beauregard, Pierre Gustave Touant ("Old Bory"):

CS-General; *1818 New Orleans/LA - 1893; der Abstammung nach Kreole; West-Point-A 1838 (2/45), US-Berufsoffizier, Engineers; 1861 Superintendent in West Point; GenLt/Full General; Vorkriegseinsätze: Mexiko; 1861 Captain US Army (und brevet Major we­gen seines Mexiko-Einsatzes). Schwiegersohn von Louisiana-Senator John *Slidell. Bürgerkriegseinsatz: 1861 KomGen in Nordvir­ginia, Beschießung von Fort Sumter, Sieger von First Bull Run, Shiloh, Second Drewry’s Bluff, Petersburg, Carolinas; Befehlshaber der Rebellen in Virginia; im Dauerstreit mit Präsident Davis und General Joe Johnston wird der heißblütige Kreole an die Westfront versetzt; Beauregard (The Campaign of Shiloh; in: B&L vol. 1, S. 569) berichtet von einem Besuch Pryor's in Beauregard's Haupt­quartier in Centreville, Va. am 22.1.1862. Pryor, damals "Member of the Military Committee of the Lower branch of the Confederate Congress" bat im Auftrag des Congresses Beauregard dabei um Zustimmung zu dessen Versetzung von der CS-Army the Potomac zu den CS-Truppen unter Albert Sidney Johnson nach Columbus, Ky., wo Beauregard's Anwesenheit nach der CS-Niederlage in Mill Springs, Ky. dringend erforderlich war. Pryor teilte hierbei Beauregard mit, Präs. Davis wolle eine solche Versetzung nur bei Einver­ständnis Beauregard's anordnen. Hintergrund der Auseinandersetzungen waren vor allem Beauregard's in der Presse veröffentlichte Behauptungen, nach seinem Sieg von First Manassas habe Präsident Davis den angeblich von Beauregard geplanten kriegsentschei­denden Stoß auf Washington verhindert (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 23). Nachkriegszeit: Präsident einer Eisenbahngesellschaft; Schriftsteller unter dem Pseudonym Alfred Roman.

 

Beauregard zeigt andererseits fehlendes Verständnis für Logistik und neigt zu starker Überschätzung der Möglichkeiten seiner "grü­nen" unerfahrenen Truppen (Freeman: Lee's Lieutenants, p. 27).

 

Beauregard konnte seine Zunge, nicht jedoch seine Feder im Zaum halten, und geriet dadurch in Konflikt mit Präsident Davis, der ihm an­fangs vertraute und ihn deshalb 1861 in das kritische Virginia als Oberkommandieren entsandte (Freeman, Lee's Lieuten­ants, p. 27).

 

Die regierungskritische Zeitung "*Richmond Whig" berichtete im Oktober 1861 über die Schlacht von Manassas 1861 und das Ver­hältnis zwischen Präsident Jefferson *Davis und Gen. *Beauregard; nach dem Artikel wollte Beauregard nach der Schlacht auf das schlecht verteidigte Washington vorstoßen, sei jedoch durch Präsident Davis hieran gehindert worden; die Pressebehauptung war un­zutreffend; Präsident Davis tadelte daraufhin Beauregard scharf, der nicht direkt antwortete, jedoch eine Stellungnahme im Rich­mond Whig veranlaßte (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 23)

 

Beauregard war Schwiegersohn des Louisiana Senators in Richmond John *Slidell (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 23).

 

Nach dem Tod von Gen Joseph E. Johnston im Battle of Shiloh (6./7.4.1862) the Command fell to Beaureganrd. He had a difficult re­lationship to President Jefferson Davis and within two months Braxton Bragg, the next ranking man in the Army of Tennessee, was appointed in Beauregard's place (Powell: Chickamauga Campaign, vol I.: A Mad Battle, p. 44). General Beauregard's replacement was controversial. Be­auregard abandoned Corinth and retreated, when Davis wanted a renewed offensive. Beauregard then took sick leave, a move which further annoyed Davis, who charged Beauregard with abandoning his command (Powell: Chickamauga Campaign, vol I. A Mad Battle, p. 44n6).

 

Photos:

- Längin, p. 21 und 33;

- Milhollen u.a.: Divided we Fought, S. 17

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beauregard, P. G. T. „Notes on E. A. Pollard's 'Lost Cause'.“ The Southern Magazine, vol. 10 (January 1872), pp. 55-64

- **Beauregard, G. T.: Principles and Maxims of the Art of War - Outpost Service; general instructions for battles; Reviews (Charle­ston, 1863); reprint in: Beauregard, G. T.: A Commentary on the Campaign and Battle of Manassas (New York, 1891)

- **Beauregard, G. T.: A Commentary on the Campaign and Battle of Manassas (New York, 1891)

- **Beauregard, G. T.: "The Campaign of Shiloh; in: B&L vol. 1, S. 569-593

- **Beauregard, P. G. T.: „The Shiloh Campaign.“ North American Review, vol. 142 (1886), pp. 1-24, 159-84

- **Beauregard, P. G. T.: Papers. Duke University, Durham, North Carolina

- Beauregard, Pierre Gustave Touant (1818-1893) Gen., CSA Papers, 1844-83 (Library of Congress, Washington/DC). ca. 6,500 items. Chiefly official correspondence, letterbooks, telegrams, orders, endorsement books, and newspaper clippings relating to the Fort Sumter affair, the 1st Manassas, Shiloh, and Corinth campaigns, the defense of Charleston, S.C., and the Siege of Petersburg, and the consolidation of Confederate forces after the Battle of Atlanta. Also includes Beauregard's autograph manuscript "Remi­niscences," which was the basis for Alfred Romans' The Military Operations of General Beauregard (1884). Principal correspondents include Milledge Luke Bonham, Braxton Bragg, Howell Cobb, Samuel Cooper, Jefferson Davis, Wade Hampton, William J. Hardee, Daniel H. Hill, John Bell Hood, Joseph E. Johnston, Thomas Jordan, Robert E. Lee, James Longstreet, Francis W. Pickens, Leonidas Polk, Roswell S. Ripley, Earl Van Dorn, and Leroy P. Walker.

- Freeman, Douglas Southall: Lee's Lieutenants (Scribner’s, NY 1942-44 - im Original 3 Volumes, abgekürzte Ausgabe [zusammeng­estellt von Stephen W. Sears], New York 1998)

- **Roman, Alfred: The Military Operations of General Beauregard, 2 vols, New York, 1884

- **Snow, W. P.: Southern Generals. New York, 1865

- **Williams, T. Harry: P. G. T. Beauregard: Napoleon in Gray (Baton Rouge, 1954)

- **Williams, T. Harry: With Beauregard in Mexico: The Mexican War Reminiscenses of P. G. T. Beauregard (Baton Rouge, 1956)

 

 

Bechtel, Henry A. (D):

US-Captain; Co. D, 10th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (3 months, 1861) (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 7); aus Pinegro­ve, Schuylkill County/Pennsylvania (Bates: Pennsylvania Volunteers, vol. 1, S. 101); er stellte Bechtel's Washington Light Infantry Com­pany auf (= Co. D) (Valuska/Keller: Damn Dutch, p. 215 n7; dort wird er allerdings fälschlich 'H. H. Bechtel' benannt).

 

 

Bechtel, Henry B.:

US-Quartermaster Sergeant; Co. F&S, 167th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (Drafted Militia) (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 7; Inschrift auf seinem Grabstein auf dem Aulenbach's Cemetery, Mount Penn, Berks County/Pennsylvania [ www.findagra­ve.com, Ab­ruf vom 29.6.2016]).

 

18.4.1837 Pennsylvania - † 18.10.1914 Reading, Berks County/Pennsylvania; beerd. Aulenbach's Cemetery, Mount Penn, Berks County/Pennsylvania; S. v. George Bechtel (1793-1867) und Sarah Bright Bechtel (1794-1849) (www.findagrave.com, Abruf vom 29.6.2016).

 

 

Bechtel, Jacob:

US-Corporal; Co. B&H, 59th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 8).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bechtel, Jacob: Letter to Candis Hannawalt, 13.5.1863; in: Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania Military Park, Manuscript Collection

 

 

Beck, Aaron N.:

US-Sergeant; Co. C, 1st Regiment Ohio Infantry (National Park Soldiers M552 Roll 7).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beck, Aaron N.: Civil War diary: 1861 – 1864. Beck was a sergeant in the 1st Ohio Volunteer Infantry Regiment, Company C. The diary covers campaigns in Tennessee and Georgia. Included are letters from others who served in Ohio units; Kansas Historical Society, Topeka/Kansas, MS 292 (Source: Arthur M. Beck, Byers, 1964)

 

 

Beck, Arnold:

US-LtCol; Co. C, 2nd Regiment Missouri Infantry; zunächst Captain Co. C (National Park Soldiers M390 Roll 3).

 

Beck führte das zu Laibold's Brigade gehörende Regiment in der Schlacht von Chickamau­ga. Bei dem Versuch, die vom Feind ge­worfene US-Division Davis aufzunehmen, ging das Regiment mit gefälltem Bajonett vor, ge­riet aber in ein so mörderisches Feuer, daß fast die Hälfte der Mannschaften des Regiments getötet oder verwundet wurden. Es verlor die Fahne, nachdem der Fahnenträger und die ganze Fahnensektion erschossen waren (Kaufmann: Deutsche im amerikanischen Bürgerkrieg, p. 481, http://­www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-soldiers-detail.htm?soldier_id=fa25ae80-dc7a-df11-bf36-b8ac6f5d 926a).

 

 

Beck, Elias W. H.:

US-Surgeon; Co. F&S, 3rd Regiment Indiana Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M540 Roll 5)..

 

Teilnahme am Battle of Brandy Station am 9.6.1863. 1863 gehörte die 3rd Indiana Cavalry zur 1st Cavalry Brigade 1st Cavalry Division Buford im Cavalry Corps Pleasonton's der Army of the Potomac. Die Brigade bestand aus 8th Illinois Cavalry, 12th Illinois Cavalry, 3rd Indiana Cavalry und 8th New York Cavalry (Gliederung B & L, vol III, S. 437). Elias Beck, Regimental Surgeon der 3rd Indiana Cavalry, schrieb in einem Brief an seine Frau vom 10.6.1863: "... our Brigade Comman­der Col. Davis was killed, ... (He) was ... a proud tyrannical devil - & had the ill will of his whole Command - § Il bet was killed by our own men (Elias W. H. Beck, "Letters of a Civil War Surgeon," Indiana Magazine of History, XXVII [1931], S. 154; Starr: Union Cavalry, vol. I, S. 378 Anm. 37).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beck, Elias W. H.: "Letters of a Civil War Surgeon," Indiana Magazine of History, XXVII [1931], S. 154

 

 

Beck, John M.:

CS-

 

 

Becker, Adolph:

Col 46th New York Infantry Regiment (Fremont Rifle Regiment); Becker war der letzte Col des Regiments. Er trat 1861 als Pvt in das Regiment und machte alle Chargen bis zum Regimentskommandeur und alle Feldzüge mit demselben durch und zeichnete insbe­sondere bei Antietam und Petersburg aus (Kaufmann: Deutsche im amerikanischen Bürgerkrieg, p. 481).

 

 

Becker, Albert:

US-Pvt; Co. G, 43rd Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 8). Age, 32 years. Enlisted, August 24, 1861, at Schenectady, to serve three years; mustered in as private, Co. G, September 16, 1861; died of disease, February 3, 1862, at Camp Griffin, Va. (Report of New York Adjutant General, Roster 43rn New York Infantry); beerd. Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington/VA (www.findagrave.com, Abruf vom 29.6.2016 mit Photo des Grabsteins).

 

 

Becker, Bernard:

US-Corporal; Co. F, 6th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (3 months, 1861) (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 52); Co. F war vom deutschstämmigen Captain Henry I. *Hendler unter dem Namen 'Washington Yeagers of Pottsville' aufgestellt worden, in der viele Deut­sche dienten (Valuska/Keller: Damn Dutch, p. 215 n7; dort wird auf den Namen Becker hingewiesen, ohne An­gabe des Vorna­mens). Mustered in on 22.4.1861, mustered out of service July 1861 (Musterungsrolle 6th Pennsylvania Infantry Co. F).

 

 

Becker, Gottfried:

US-LtCol 28th Regiment Ohio Infantry Co F, S (http://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-soldiers-detail.htm?soldier_id=6731ae80-d­c7a-df11-bf36-b8ac6f5d926a); Oberst des rein deutschen 28 Ohio Infanterie Regiments (Moors). Führte dasselbe von 1863 bis 1865, hauptsächlich im 9. Korps. In der Schlecht von Antietam war das Regiment das erste, welches den Antietam überschritt und die star­ke Rebellenposition jenseits desselben angriff (Kaufmann: Deutscher im amerikanischen Bürgerkrieg, p. 481).

 

 

Becker, Jonathan:

US-Pvt; 2nd Battery Kansas Light Artillery (National Park Soldiers M542 Roll 1); später (1865) Co. D, 213th Regiment Pennsylvan­ia Infantry (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 7).

 

 

Becker, Peter:

US-Pvt 58th Regiment Illinois Infantry (Co. F), aus Cook County, Chicago; Becker stammte aus Bayern, von Beruf Farmer; einge­mustert 31.12.1861; † 8.4.1862 Memphis/Tennessee als Kriegsgefangener (http://www.ilsos.gov/isaveterans/civilMuster Search. do?key=15919).

 

 

Becker, Peter:

US-First Sergeant 24th Regiment Illinois Infantry (Co. B); aus Cook County, Chicago, Illinois; Becker stammte aus Haßlach/Bayern, Beruf: Barber, joined 15.6.1861 in Alton Illinois, ausgemustert 6.8.1864 (http://www.ilsos.gov/isaveterans/civilMuster Search. do?key=15920).

 

 

Becker, Philip:

US-Pvt; Co. D, 2nd Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (3 months, 1861) (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 7).

 

 

Becker, Theodore:

US-Pvt 1st Regiment Illinois Light Artillery (Co. H)

 

 

Becker, William:

US-Pvt 43rd Regiment Illinois Infantry (Co. A)

 

 

Becker, William:

US-Pvt 16th Regiment Illinois Cavalry (Co. D)

 

 

Becker, William:

US-Pvt 10th Regiment Illinois Infantry (Co F)

 

 

Becker, William:

US-Pvt 8th Regiment Illinois Infantry Co. B

 

 

Becker, William:

US-Pvt 58th Regiment Illinois Infantry (F, C)

 

 

Becker, William:

US-Drummer 44th Regiment Illinois Infantry Co. B

 

 

Becker, William F.:

US-Pvt 8th Regiment Illinois Cavalry B, D

 

 

Becker, William F.:

US-Corporal 127th Regiment Illinois Infantry Co. I

 

 

Beckham, Robert F.:

CS-Major; als CS-Lieutenant war Beckham während 1st Bull Run auf dem äußersten linken Flügel zusammen mit Stuart’s Kavallerie eingesetzt; hatte an der erfolgreichen Flankierung der Unionstruppen erheblichen Anteil (Bericht von Col. Early, 6. Brigade der CS-Potomac-Armee bei 1st Bull Run; McClellan, Henry B.: I rode with Jeb Stuart, p. 36; (Swank: Courier, p. 13); nach dem Tod von Major *Pelham kommandierte er dessen berittene Artillerie; er fiel als Artilleriechef der Armee Hood’s vor den Schützengräben von Nashville.

 

Robert Franklin Beckham (May 6, 1837 – December 5, 1864) was a young artillery officer who commanded a horse artillery battali­on under J.E.B. Stuart and in the Army of Tennessee. He was mortally wounded at Columbia before the battle of Battle of Fran­klin on November 29, 1864. Beckham was born in Culpeper, Virginia. He graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point as a member of the class of 1859. Beckham ranked 6th in his class of 22. He then served as a lieutenant in the United States Engineers until 1861 and the outbreak of the Civil War. When the Civil War began, Beckham commanded an artillery battery which he led at the First Battle of Bull Run. He then joined the staff of General Gustavus W. Smith in January 1862, playing a key role at the Battle of Seven Pines. Beckham was subsequently elected captain of the Jeff Davis Artillery on March 31, 1862 but did not accept, continuing to serve as an ordnance office at the rank of major. Upon Stuart's request, Beckham was assigned to command the Stuart Horse Artillery after the death of Major John Pelham on April 8, 1863. Beckham was a personally brave officer who earned the approval of Stonewall Jackson at the Battle of Chancellorsville and a commendation for gallantry from Stuart at the Battle of Brandy Station. He was also a capable administrator, earning the praise of Stuart in administering his batteries and refitting them. In February 1864, Beckham was transferred west to command the artillery of the Army of Tennessee. He was promoted to colonel. While in command of the artillery, he was mortally wounded while commanding his guns at Columbia, the day before the Battle of Franklin, on November 29, 1864, dying several days later on December 5. He was buried in St. John's Churchyard in Ashwood, Ten­nessee (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Franklin_Beckham).

 

Photo:

Robert Franklin Beckham (Wise: The long arm of Lee, vol. 2).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Blackford, W. W.: War Years with Jeb Stuart, p. 32

- **Early, J. A.: Report of 1st Manassas; unpublished Manuscript (1867-68), abgedruckt bei McClellan: I rode with Stuart,

S. 35

- McClellan, Henry B.: I rode with Jeb Stuart, p. 36

 

 

Beckham, Robert J.:

CS-Pvt; Co. C, 7th Regiment Florida Infantry (National Park Soldiers M225 Roll 1).

 

 

Beckley, Alfred:

CS-BrigGen (Virginia Militia); 26.5.1802 Washington / DC - 26.5.1888; West Point 1823 (9/45); Lt US-Artillery bis 1836, dann resi­gned; Großgrundbesitzer in Raleigh County West Virginia seit 1835; daneben Methodist Preacher, BrigGen Virginia Militia, Dele­gierter auf der Whig Parry National Convention 1844; 17.5.1861 Col Provisional Army of Virginia; Beckley stellte die 35th Virginia Infantry State Troops auf; das Regiment wurde nicht in den CS-Dienst übernommen und aufgelöst; im Sommer 1861 BrigGen 12th Brigade Virginia Militia; er blieb militärisch erfolglos, und resignes am 8.2.1862 (Allardice: More Generals in Gray, p. 34)

 

Photo:

- Allardice: More Generals in Gray, p. 34

 

Documents/Literature:

- Allardice: More Generals in Gray, p. 34

- **Berkeley, Edmund and Dorothy: "John Beckley" (Philadelphia, 1973)

- **Eby, Cecil D., Jr.: "Memoir of a West Pointer in Florida, 1825." Florida Historical Quarterly, XLI (1962-63), S. 154-164

- **Eby, Cecil D., Jr.: "Memoir of a West Pointer in Saint Augustine, 1824-1826." Florida Historical Quarterly, XLII (1863-64), S. 307-320

- **Eby, Cecil D., Jr.: "Recollections of Fort Monroe, 1826-1828: From the autobiography of Lieutenant Alfred Beckley." Virginia Ma­gazine of History and Biography, LXXII (1964), S. 479-89

 

 

Beckwith, Amos:

US-Col; 1825-94; aus Vermont; West Point 1850 (21/44); US-Berufsoffizier, Artillery. Captain Comsy. of Subsist. 10.5.1861. Major Comsy. of Subsist. 29.5.1861. Col Add. ADC 1.1.1862.. Ausgemustert als Add. ADC 31.5.1866; LtCol Asst. Comsy. Gen of Subsist. 1874; Col 28.8.1888, retired 1889. Bvt BrigGen USV; MajGen USV. Brevets for Atlanta war service. Er diente im Bürgerkrieg als Chief of the Commissary Depot in Washington, Chief of Commissariat (Mil. Div. Miss.), in Sherman's Stab während der Atlanta Campaign und als Chief of Commissary im Department of the Gulf (Boatner, p. 55-56).

 

Beckwith wurde im November 1863 nach St. Louis / Missouri versetzt (New York Tribune v. 12.11.1863). Wegen des Artikels kam es zu einer Anfrage Lincoln an Secretary of War Stanton (Basler: Collected Works of Lincoln, vol. VII, p. 11: Brief Lincoln's an Stan­ford vom 11.11.1863 sowie Anm. m.w.N).

 

 

Bedell, Ransom:

US-Corporal; Co. G, 39th Regiment Illinois Infantry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 6).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bedell, Ransom: Papers (Illinois State Historical Library, Springfield / Illinois)

 

 

Bedford, Wimer:

US-Captain; 1stLt/Adjutant, Co. F&S, 48th Regiment Illinois Infantry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 6); Captain 48th Regiment Illinois Infantry (Library of Congress, Washington/DC).

 

1835 - † 11.12.1905, burial Woodlands Cemetery, Philadelphia, PA: ∞ Cornelia Ann Bedford (1842-1901); Father of Ann Towns Bed­ford († 1878) and Fannie O. Bedford (1879-1881) (www.findagrave.com, accessed 23.3.2019)

 

Civil War Union Army Officer. He began his Civil War service with a commission of 1st Lieutenant in Company D, 18th Illinois Vol­unteer Infantry. He was mustered in on June 30, 1861, but only served until his resignation on November 17, 1861. On May 17, 1862 he was commissioned as 1st Lieutenant and Regimental Adjutant of the 48th Illinois Volunteer Infantry. He served in this capacity until he was tabbed by Brigadier General John E. Smith for his staff. Promoted to Captain, US Volunteers by the orders of President Abraham Lincoln, Wimer Bedford served as Assistant Adjutant General for the 1st Brigade of the 3rd Division of the 17th Army Corps. He served until he was honorably mustered out (www.findagrave.com, accessed 23.3.2019).

After the war he moved to Philadelphia, where he was the Secretary and Attorney for the Penn Guarantee Trust Company. He foun­ded the town of Lindenwold, New Jersey, which he named as a deriviation of the German for "Linden Forest". He had planned to have Linden trees planted along all the streets, but other trees were used instead (www.findagrave.com, accessed 23.3.2019)

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bedford, Wimer: Papers, 1864-65. Library of Congress, Washington/DC; 3 items. In part, transcripts. Diary (2 v.), Jan. 1, 1864-July 9, 1865, concerning Sherman's march to the sea, and a copy of Bedford's memoir, "Real Life in the Civil War." Contains details on the battles of Corinth, Port Gibson, Jackson, and Vicksburg, Miss., and Sherman's Savannah Campaign.

 

 

Bee, Barnard Elliott:

CS-BrigGen; 1824-1861; aus South Carolina; West Point 1845 (33/41); US-Berufsoffizier; Infantry; Bee diente an der Frontier und im Mexikokrieg, wo er sich auszeichnete und zwei Brevets erhielt; er trat im Rang eines Captain am 3.3.1861 aus der US-Army aus und als Major in die CSA ein (Boatner, p. 56; nach Davis: Battle of Bull Run, p. 84 erhielt er sofort eine Stelle als Col im Service von South Carolina); BrigGen seit 17.6.1861 (Davis: Battle of Bull Run, p. 84); Bee war unter Joseph E. Johnston im Juni 1861 im Shen­andoah-Tal Brigadekommandeur der 3rd Brigade bestehend aus 2nd and 11th Mississippi Infantry, 4th Alabama Infantry, 1st Tennes­see Infantry und Captain John D. Imboden's Staunton Artillery (Davis: Battle of Bull Run, p. 84; Freeman: Lee's Lieutenants, p. 68); im Battle von 1st Bull Run / First Manassas forderte er die Soldaten seiner Brigade auf sich hinter Jackson's Männern zu sammeln: "Look! There is Jackson standing like a stone wall! Rally behind the Virginians." (Hattaway/Jones, How the North Won, S. 46). Kurz darauf erlitt Bee eine tödliche Verwundung an der er am nächsten Tag starb.

 

 

Beebe, William Sully:

US- First Lt, Ordnance Troops; erhielt die Medal of Honor für seinen Einsatz am 23.4.1864 bei Cane River Crossing / Louisiana. Vo­luntarily led a successful assault on a fortified position.

 

February 14, 1841 – October 12, 1898 was a Union officer who received the Medal of Honor on June 30, 1897 for his action at Cane River Crossing, Louisiana on April 23, 1864. Born in Ithaca, New York, Beebe graduated from West Point in 1863, receiving his commission in the ordnance branch. He continued serving in the Army until resigning in January 1874. He rejoined the Army at the start of the Spanish-American Warin June 1898, and served as an ordnance officer on the staff of general James F. Wade. Beebe contracted yellow fever while in Cuba and died later that year (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_S._Beebe).

 

Literatur/Urkunden:

- **Beebe, William Sully: Papers, Yale University Library: MS 915

 

 

Beecham, Robert K.:

US-Captain; Co. H, 2nd Regiment Wisconsin Infantry / Iron Brigade (National Park Soldiers M559 Roll 2; Martin: Gettys­burg, p. 403). Beecham fiel bei Gettysburg in Kriegsgefangenschaft (Herdegen: The Men Stood like Iron, p. 14). Beecham wurde ausgetauscht; he was discharged 15.12.1863, to accept promotion as lieutenant of the Twenty-third U.S. Colored Troops (Herdegen: The Men Stood like Iron, p. 221 n10), dort später Captain, Co. B&H, 23rd US Colored Infantry (National Park Soldiers M589 Roll 6).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beecham, Robert K.: „The Corporal and the General.“ Milwauckee Sunday Telegraph, 14 December 1884

- **Beecham, Robert K.: "Adventures of an Iron Brigade Man," National Tribune, 1902

- **Beecham, Robert K.: Gettysburg. The Pivotable Battle of the Civil War (Chicago: A. C. McClurg & Co, 1911).

- **Stevens, Michael E. (ed.): As if it Were Glory: Robert Beecham's Civil War from the Iron Brigade to the Black Regiments (Madi­son, WI: Madison House, 1998)

 

 

Beecher, Harris H.:

US-Surgeon, 114th New York Infantry (auch Dr. Harvey H. Bercher++++)

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beecher, Harris H. (Asst. Surgeon, 114th NYSV): Record of the 114th Regiment, N.Y.S.V, Where it Went, What it Saw and What it Did (J. F. Hubbard, Norwich 1866); 582 pp;

- **Beecher, Harris Harvey Dr..: Record of the 114th New York State Volunteers (Norwich, N.Y., 1866)

 

 

Beecher, Henry Ward:

24.6.1813 Litchfield / Conn. - † 8.3.1887 Brooklyn N.Y.; kongregationalistischer US-amerikanischer Prediger. Er wurde als achtes von 13 Kindern des prebyterianischen Theologen Lyman Beecher geboren. Nach dem Studium wurde er 1839 Pfarrer in Indianapolis, 1847 dann in Brooklyn. In seinen schon zu Lebzeiten als Bücher erschienenen Predigten trat er für die Gleichberechtigung der Frau und die Befreiung der Sklaven ein (Wikipedia, Abruf vom 17.11.2013).

 

„Der glänzendste Kanzelredner des Landes“ und Bruder der Autoren von „Onkel Toms Hütte“, Harriet Beecher-Stowe (Kauf­mann: Die Deutschen im Amerikanischen Bürgerkriege, p. 55 Anm. 1).

 

Beecher vertrat in der Sezessions-Krise 1860 die Auffassung, man dürfe die zur Sezession gewillten Staaten nicht gewaltsam zum Ver­bleiben in der Union zwingen (Kaufmann: Die Deutschen im Amerikanischen Bürgerkriege, p. 55).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Applegate, Debby: The Most Famous Man in America. The Biography of Henry Ward Beecher. Doubleday, New York 2006.

 

 

Beecher, Herbert W.:

US-Corporal; 1st Independent Battery, Connecticut Light Artillery (National Park Soldiers M535 Roll 1).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beecher, Herbert W.: History of the First Light Battery Connecticut Volunteers, 1861-1865 (New York, 1901)

 

 

Beecher, Jesse:

US-Pvt; Co. E,; 112th Regiment New York Infantry; Beecher emigrated from England in 1857 and became a prosperous wheelwright in an upstate New York village. In 1862, at the age of 37 and with 8 children, he enlisted in the 112th New York; great-great-grandfa­ther of author James McPherson (McPherson: For Cause and Comrades, p. 4). † Wilmington, North Carolina, wounded mortally in the attack at Fort Fisher 15.1.1865; buried Wilmington, National Military Cemertery (McPherson: For Cause and Comrades, p. 4).

 

 

Beecher, Robert Edes:

US-LtCol; Co. I,C,G, 73rd Regiment Ohio Infantry; er trat als Sergeant in das Regiment ein und wurde Second Lieutenant befördert (National Park soldiers M552 Roll 7). Promotions: 2nd Lieut 9/18/1862 (as of Co. C), Capt 6/30/1864 (Captain & Asst Adjutant Ge­neral), Major 3/13/1865 by Brevet und Lt Colonel 3/13/1865 by Brevet (http://civilwartalk.com/threads/photos-of-73rd-regiment-oh­io-volunteer-infantry, Abruf vom 1.6.2016). Enlisted on 9/16/1862 as a 1st Sergeant.

On 9/16/1862 he mustered into "I" Co. OH 73rd Infantry. He was discharged for promotion on 6/30/1864. On 6/30/1864 he was com­missioned into US Volunteers Adjutant Genl Dept. He was Mustered Out on 9/19/1865 (http://civilwartalk.com/ threads/ photo­s-of-73rd-regiment-ohio-volunteer-infantry, Abruf vom 1.6.2016).

 

1839 Ohio - † 27.3.1920, beerd. 1.4.1920 Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge/Mass.; S. v. William Henry Beecher (1802-1889) und Katherine Edes Beecher (1802-1870); Residence: 1855 Reading, Middlesex, Massachusetts; Beecher erhielt von 1907-1920 eine Pension d. United States, United States Veterans Administration Pension Payment Cards (www.findagrave.com, Abruf vom 1.6.2016).

 

Photo:

- http://civilwartalk.com/ threads/ photos-of-73rd-regiment-ohio-volunteer-infantry (als Captain)

 

 

Beedle, William H.:

US-Pvt; 1st Battalion Maine Light Artillery (National Park Soldiers M543 Roll 2).

 

 

Beedle, William H.:

US-Corporal; Co. 22, 2nd Battalion Veteran Reserve Corps (National Park Soldiers M636 Roll ¾), also 2nd Maine Battery (National Park Soldiers M636 Roll ¾).

 

27.3.1846 Richmond, Sagadahoc County, Maine - † 16.2.1893 Oakland, Alameda County, Calif., burial Mountain View Cemetery, Oakland (www.findagrave.com, accessed 2.4.2019).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Beedle, William H. (1846-1893) 2d Main Battery; Veteran Reserve Corps Diary, 1865-66 (Library of Congress, Washington/DC). Diary kept by Beedle while on duty at the Douglas and Harewood Hospitals in Washington, D.C., Jan. 1,1865-Jan. 1, 1866. Contains information on hospital care and the arrival of sick and wounded soldiers

 

 

Beem, David E.:

US-Captain; Co. H, 14th Regiment Indiana Infantry (National Park Soldiers M540 Roll 5; Hess: The Union Soldier in Battle, p. 15).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Beem, David E.: Papers, Indiana Historical Society. Indianapolis / Indiana

 

 

Beers, Aug. P.::

CS-Pvt; Co, A, 1st Special Battalion, Louisiana Infantry (Rightor's) (Dreux Battalion) (National Park Soldiers M378 Roll 2); ∞ Fan­nie A. *Beers

 

 

Beers, Fannie A.:

CS-Nurse (Faust: This Republik of Suffering, p. 77); Fannie A. Beers was a young woman from Pensacola, Florida, whose husband was serving in the Confederate Army. Fannie had strong feeling for the Confederacy and early in the war offered her services as a nurse. She went to work in the hospitals at Gainesville, Alabama, where the wounded from the Battle of Shiloh were being treated. This hospital was transferred to Ringgold and she arrived shortly thereafter (Civil War Talk, 'Fannie Beers', accessed 22.5.2018).

 

"I was left to endure the horrors of suspense as well as the irritating consciousness that, although sojourning in the home of my child­hood, I was an alien, an acknowledged "Rebel," and as such an object of suspicion and dislike to all save my immediate family." "Fannie" Beers was born and lived in the North until she married A.P. Beers, a Southern student at Yale University. The couple mo­ved to the South where they spent the next few years in Louisiana before Mr. Beers was mustered into Confederate service with his company of the Crescent Rifles. Fannie would return to her familial home in Connecticut; but, her time there would be short. Much of the town knew of her Confederate ties, and had heard of a small keepsake "Rebel" flag which she cherished in her prayer book. Beers states, "This harmless possession was magnified into an immense rebel banner, which would eventually float over my mother's house." As Fort Sumter fell and war grew ever more imminent, neighbors were demanding, "Let's have that flag," and "Show your colors"; these and other epithets would influence her decision to paste it over her heart, a place where it stayed throughout the re­mainder of the war. After the need became evident, she would rejoin her husband in Virginia. It was there that she made her name as a nurse. First, in Richmond at a private hospital maintained by wealthy ladies of that city, and later in hospitals in Georgia and Alabam­a. Beers was considered heroic for her service to the Southern Cause. Most famously, she is touted for risking her life brin­ging provisions to her husband and his men during the shelling of Atlanta. Acts like this earned her the title, "The Florence Nightin­gale of the South." (aus: Buchbesprechung bei Amazon).

 

∞ Pvt. Aug. P. *Beers (Pvt Co. A, 1st Special Battalion, Louisiana Infantry [Rightor's ]; also Dreux Battalion [Beers, Fannie A.: Memories: A Re­cord of Personal Experience and Adventure During Four Years of War, p. 9]) (err.) bzw. Jonathan Sturges Beers (www.findagrave.com, accessed 23.5.2018).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Beers, Fannie A.: Memories: A Record of Personal Experience and Adventure During Four Years of War (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippin­cott, 1888)

 

 

Behr, Frederick:

US-Captain; † 6.4.1862 in Shiloh; Batteriechef 6th Battery Indiana Light Artillery. Die Battery war “all German”; die Battery gehörte in Battle of Shiloh zur 1st Brigade Col John A. McDowell 5th Division BrigGen William T. Sherman in Grant’s Army of the Tennes­see (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 172). Behr ist gegen 11:00 bei Crossroads gefallen, seine Mannschaften flohen daraufhin und lie­ßen 5 von ins­gesamt 6 Geschützen zurück (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 183).

 

 

Beidelman, George Washington:

US-+++; Teilnahme am Battle of Fredericksburg (Gallagher u.a.: Fredericksburg, p. 77 Anm. 40

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beidelman, George Washington: The Civil War Letters of George Washington Beidelman, ed. Catherine H. Vanderslice (New York: Vantage, 1978)

 

 

Beidelman, Benjamin:

US-Pvt; Co. C, 46th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 7; on his Gravestone: „A Private of Co. C, 64 Reg. PA. Vol. Inft.“ [s. photo: www.­findagrave.com]; s. a. Pennsylvania State Archives, Roster Co. C, 46th Pennsylvania Infantry).

 

1.8.1830 - † 19.12.1903 (aged 73), buried Egypt Cemetery, Egypt, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania (www.findagrave.com).

 

 

Beidelman, George Washington:

US-Pvt; Co. C, 71st Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 7; original filed under 'George W. Beidleman'; McPherson: For Cause & Comrades, p10, 190n13 mentioned him in 72nd Pennsylvania). 'Beidleman' (Pennsylvania State Archives, Roster Co. C, 71st Pennsylvania Infantry). Enlisted 21.5.1861, † 14.3.1864 (Pennsylvania State Archives, Roster Co. C, 71st Pennsylvania Infantry).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Vanderslice, Catherine H. (ed.): The Civil War Letters of George Washington Beidelman (New York, 1978)

 

 

Beidler, Jacob:

US-Pvt; Co. F, 16th Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry (161st Volunteers).

 

3.4.1834 - † 20.5.1885, burial Union Cemetery, Mifflintown, PA (findagrave.com, accessed 8.5.2019).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Winder, Robert L. (ed.): Jacob Beidler's Book: A Diary Kept by Jacob Beidler from November 1857 through July 183 (Mifflintown, PA: Juniata County Historical Society, 1994)

 

 

Belden, Elezur D.:

US-Pvt, Co. C, 16th Regiment Connecticut Infantry (National Park Soldiers M535 Roll 1); bzw. Elizur D. Belden (Morse: Catalogue of Connecticut Volunteer Organizations, p. 556), auch Elizur D. Beldon (Gordon, Lesley J.: „All Who Went into That Battles Were Heroes“. Remembering the 16th Regiment Connecticut Volunteers at Antietam; in: Gallagher (ed.): Antietam Campaign, a.a.O., S. 190N33); Residence Rocky Hill, Conn., mustered in 11.8.1862 (Morse: Catalogue of Connecticut Volunteer Organizations p. 556). Beldon was slightly wounded at Antietam on 17.9.1862 (Gordon, Lesley J.: „All Who Went into That Battles Were Heroes“. Remembering the 16th Regiment Connecticut Volunteers at Antietam; in: Gallagher (ed.): Antietam Campaign, a.a.O., S. 179).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beldon, Elizur D.: Dairy; Connecticut Historical Society, Hartford, Conn.

 

 

Belengea, Hiram:

US-Sergeant; Co. C&I, 61st Regiment Indiana Infantry (National Park Soldiers M540 Roll 5).

 

 

Belknap, Charles E.:

US-Sergeant; Co. H, 125th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park soldiers M551 Roll 9, hier als 'Charles W., Belknap' bezeichnet; Gottfried: Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 180: 'Charles Belknap'); aus New York (Glatt­haar: The Common Soldiers Gettysburg Campaign, in: Boritt: The Gettysburg Nobody Knows, p. 13 iVm. S. 224n25, S. 23: 'Charles E. Bel­knap').

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Belknap, Charles E.: Diary; Copy in Brake Collection, USHMI (genannt bei Glatt­haar: The Common Soldiers Gettysburg Cam­paign, in: Boritt: The Gettysburg Nobody Knows, p. 13 iVm. S. 224n25, S. 23: 'Charles E. Belknap).

 

 

Belknap, Charles E.:

US-Captain; Co. H, 21st Regiment Michigan Infantry; zuvor Sergeant, Co. F&S, (National Park Soldiers M545 Roll 3).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Belknap, C. E.: History of the Michigan Organizations at Chickamauga, Chattanooga and Missionary Ridge (Lansing, 1899)

 

 

Belknap, William W.:

US-MajGen; Major 15th Iowa Infantry seit 7.12.1861; LtCol 15th Iowa Infantry 20.8.1862; Col 15th Iowa Infantry 3.6.1863 (National Park Soldiers M541 Roll 2); Brig­Gen 30.7.1864; MajGen 1865 (Boatner: Dictionary, p. 57).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Belknap, William W.: History of the Fifteenth Regiment Iowa Veteran Volunteer Infantry, from October, 1861 to August, 1865; When disbanded at the End of the War (Keokuk / Iowa, 1887)

- Belknap, William W.: „The Obedience and Courage of the Private Soldier, and the Fortitude of Officers and Men in the Field, in Hospital, and in Prison, with some Incidents of the War“; Iowa MOLLUS: War Sketches and Incidents. as Related by Companions of the Iowa Commandery, Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, Published by the Commandery, Volume 1, Des Moi­nes: Press of P. C. Kenyon 1893, vol 1

 

 

Bell, James A.:

US-Pvt (?); 9th New York Cavalry (?); Teilnahme am Battle of Gettysburg (Martin: Gettysburg, p. 45)

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bell, James A.: Letter, 1 July 1863 (Huntington Library, San Marino, California)

- **Bell, James A.: Letter 2 July 1863 to Gusta Ann Hallock (Longacre: The Cavalry at Gettysburg, p. 302n31), Bell MSS, Henry E. Huntington Library

 

 

Bell, John:

US-Senator aus Tennessee. Präsidentschaftskandidat 1860. Im Wahlkampf 1860 kam es innerhalb der Democratic Party zur Spaltung. Es gelang nicht, sich auf einen einzigen Kandidaten zu einigen, es gingen vielmehr zwei Kandidaten Stephen A. Douglas und John C. Breckenridge in Rennen. Zur weiteren Zersplitterung trug eine Restfraktion der Whigs um den ehemaligen Senator von Tennessee, John Bell, bei, die unter dem Namen Constitutional Union Party in den Grenzstaaten zwischen Nord und Süd Erfolge erzielte, und deren Ziel die Erhaltung der Union um jeden Preis war (Heideking, Geschichte der USA, p. 164; Fisher: War at every Door, p. 22; Harrison: Civil War in Kentucky, p. 4).

 

Die Whig National Convention in Baltimore am 9.5.1860 nominierte John Bell als Präsidentschaftskandidat (Temple: East Tennessee in the Civil War, p., 123

 

 

Bell, John T.:

US-2ndLt; Co. C, 2nd Regiment Iowa Infantry; Bell trat als Pvt in das Regiment ein (National Park Soldiers M541 Roll 2).

 

Literatur:

- **Bell, John T.: Tramps and Triumphs of the Second Iowa Infantry (Omaha 1866, reprint Des Moines, 1961)

 

 

Bell, Luther V.:

US-Surgeon; Co. F&S, 11th Regiment Massachusetts Infantry (National Park Soldiers M544 Roll 3).

 

 

Bell, Robert:

US-Captain; 26th Pennsylvania Militia (Emergency, 1863) (Cavalry); Kompaniechef einer Miliz-Kompanie Cavalry aus Adams County (Nye: Here Come the Rebels, p. 271, 292-93; Valuska/ Keller: Damn Dutch, p. 54). Bell führte die Siche­rungspostenlinie, die die 26th Penn. Militia (Col. William C. Jenkins) westlich Gettysburg in Richtung Cashtown aufgestellt hatte; es kam am 26. Juni 1863 zwischen seinen Männern und den nach Osten Richtung Gettysburg vorstoßenden CS-Vorhut, bestehend aus der Brigade von John B. Gordon (Division Early im Corps Ewell) zu einem Gefecht (Black, Linda G.: Gettysburg's Preview of War: Early's June 26, 1863, Raid; aus The Gettysburg Magazin, Heft Nr. 3; Richard, H. M. M. Citizens of Gettysburg in The Union Army; in: Battles & Leaders Vol. III S. 289; Martin: Gettysburg, p. 13).

 

Photo:

http://www.yorkblog.com/cannonball/2011/07/02/capt-robert-bell-led-adams-cou/

 

 

Bell, T. H.:

CS-LtCol; 12th Regiment Tennessee Infantry; Bell war zunächst Captain, Co. G (National Park Soldiers M231 Roll 3).

 

1862 Regimentskommandeur 12th Tennessee Infantry. Im Frühjahr 1862 und im Battle of Shiloh gehörte die 12th Tennes­see Infantry unter Regimentskommandeur LtCol T. H. Bell zur 1st Brigade Col Robert M. Russel 1st Division BrigGen Charles Clark I. Army Corps MajGen Leonidas Polk in A. S. Johnston's Army of the Mississippi.

 

Am Morgen des 6.4.1862 Teilnahme am Angriff über Rea Field auf Battery E 1st Illinois Light Artillery (Waterhouse’ Battery) (Da­niel: Shiloh, p. 168).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bell, T. H.: „Rhea Field;“ in: Son of the South, vol. 3 (April 1986), pp. 8-13 (Anm.: das „Rhea Field“ war im Battle of Shiloh Schauplatz der Kämpfe der Division Sherman [ McDonough: Shiloh, p. 91; Daniel: Shiloh, p. 156-61, 166-70, 269])

 

 

Bell, William H.:

CS-++++; Berufsoffizier; 1861 als Major d. US-Army Kommandeur des St. Louis Arsenal. Da die Republikaner Zweifel an seiner Loyalität hatten, und seine Kontakte zur prosüdlichen State Militia unter *Frost aufgedeckt hatten, wurde Bell auf Initiative der Brü­der Francis und Montgomery Blair bei dem designierten Präsidenten Lincoln abgelöst (McElroy, John: The Struggle for Missouri [Washington, DC: The National Tribune Company, 1913], S. 29 ff; Brooksher, Bloody Hill, p. 32, 34).

 

 

Bell, William S.:

CS-Pvt; Douthat's Company, Virginia Light Artillery (Botetourt Artillery) (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 4).

 

 

Bellamy, Flavius J.:

US-Sergeant; Co. A, 3rd Regiment Indiana Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M540 Roll 5).

 

Teilnahme am Battle of Gettysburg (Glatthaar: The Common Soldiers Gettysburg Campaign, in: Boritt: The Gettysburg Nobody Knows, p. 225n29).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bellamy, Flavius J.: Letter to Parents 3 July 186; Bellamy MSS, Indiana State Library (Zitat nach Longacre: The Cavalry at Get­tysburg, p. 302n29)

- **Bellamy, Flavius J.: Diary. Copy in Brake Collection, USMHI

- **Bellamy, Flavius: Papers. Indiana Division, Indiana State Library, Indianapolis, Ind.

 

 

Bellard, Alfred:

US-Pvt, Co. C, 5th Regiment New Jersey Infantry (National Park Soldiers M550 Roll 25).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bellard, Alfred (Pvt. 5th New Jersey Infantry): Gone for a Soldier: The Civil War Memoirs of Private Alfred Bellard (Little Brown: Boston 1975); Edited by David H. Donald

 

 

Bellore, Charles:

US-Corporal; Co E, 24th Regiment Michigan Infantry (National Park Soldiers M545 ROLL 3). † 1.7.1863 Willougby's Run / Gettysburg als Color Bearer des Regiments (NN.: „No Man Can Take Those Colors and Live“. The epic Battle between the 24th Michigan and 26th North Carolina at Gettys­burg; in: http://www.civilwar.org/ battlefields/ gettysburg/ gettysburg-2011/the-battle-for-herbst-woods.html, Abruf vom 7.6.2015 [Kopie in Archiv Ref, amerik. Bürgerkrieg Nr. 2]. ­

 

 

Bellows, Henry Whitney:

11.6.1814 Boston - † 30.1.1882 New York; war ein US-amerikanischer Geistlicher.

 

Henry Whitney Bellows studierte bis 1832 am Harvard College und von 1834 bis 1837 an der Harvard Divinity School in Cambridge Theologie, war dann kurzzeitig von 1837 bis 1838 Pastor in Mobile (Alabama) und wirkte anschließend von 1839 bis zu seinem Tod als Pfarrer der ersten Kongregationalisten- oder Unitarierkirche in New York City, der heutigen Unitarian Church of All Souls. Dort erwarb er sich hohes Ansehen als Kanzelredner und Vortragender und war einer der Hauptgründer des unitarischen Wochenblatts Christian Inquirer, für das er von 1846 bis 1850 schrieb.

 

Bellows gehörte der liberalen, mehr rationalistischen Richtung der US-amerikanischen Theologen an. Er war nicht nur ein Redner von bedeutendem Ruf und ein anerkannter Führer der Unitarischen Kirche der Vereinigten Staaten, sondern auch Verfasser zahlrei­cher Gelegenheitsschriften verschiedenen (besonders staatswirtschaftlichen und sozialen) Inhalts. Auch hielt er an dem Lowell Insti­tute in Boston eine Reihe beachtenswerter Vorträge, die 1857 unter dem Titel The treatment of social diseases erschienen. Der be­kannteste dieser Vorträge behandelte The relation of the public amusements to public morality, especially of the theatre to the highest interests of humanity. Mit seinem Freund Peter Cooper plante Bellows die Gründung der 1859 eröffneten Cooper Union. 1860 veröf­fentlichte er Restatements of Christian Doctrin, in 25 Sermons.

 

Beim Ausbruch des Bürgerkriegs machte Bellows sich 1861 um die Begründung der United States Sanitary Commission verdient und stand dieser als Präsident von 1861 bis 1878 vor, ohne dabei seine Pflichten als Pfarrer zu vernachlässigen. 1866 trat er eine Rei­se nach Europa an, um dort die Organisation internationaler Gesundheitskommissionen zu fördern, worüber er in dem Werk The old World in its new Face: Impressions of Europe in 1867-68 (2 Bde., New York 1868-69) berichtete. Er war auch Präsident der ersten in den Vereinigten Staaten gegründeten Civil Service Reform Association (1877) und einer der Organisatoren des Union League Club sowie der Century Association in New York City. Ferner war er längere Zeit Herausgeber des unitarischen Magazins Christian Ex­aminer sowie des Liberal Christian, des Hauptorgans der Unitarier. Er starb am 30. Januar 1882 im Alter von 67 Jahren in New York City. Eine Sammlung seiner Sermons and Addresses erschien in Boston 1882. Eine bronzene Gedenktafel von Augustus Saint-Gau­dens wurde 1886 in der New Yorker All Souls Church enthüllt (wikipedia; Stichwort Henry Whitney Bellows, Abruf v. 15.3.2017).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bellows, Henry Whitney: Papers, Massachusetts Historical Society

 

 

Belo, Alfred Horatio:

CS-Col; zunächst Captain Co. D. 21st Regiment North Carolina Infantry (formerly 11th North Carolina Infantry) (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3); dann LtCol, Co. F&S, 55th Regiment North Carolina Infantry (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

Nachdem am 1.7.1863 bei Gettysburg der Regimentskommandeur Col Connally beim Angriff 55th North Carolina Infantry auf die Flanke der 76th New York Infantry durch Schlußverletzungen schwer verwundet wurde und der Stellvertreter LtCol Maurice T. *Smith kurz darauf gefallen ist, übernahm Major A. H. *Belo die Führung des Regiments (Martin: Gettysburg, p. 109, 124). Wounded at Gettys­burg and held as prisoner of War for 8 months (findagrave.com, Abruf vom 14.10.2016). Later Col F&S, 55th Regiment North Carolina Infantry; severly wounded at Cold Harbor; his left arm was shattered at the battle of Cold Harbor, Virginia, on June 3, 1864 (Texas State Historical As­sociation TSHA, https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fbe44, Abruf vom 14.10.2016).

 

In der Nachkriegszeit zog er nach Texas; Zeitungsverleger der 'Galveston New'; 27.5.1839 Salem/NC - † 19.4.1901 Kenilworth/NC; buried Salem Cemetery, Winston-Salem/NC (findagrave.com, Abruf vom 14.10.2016).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Belo, Alfred Horatio (11th NC Volunteers): Reminiscenses of a North Carolina Volunteer (Olde Soldier Books), 56 pp; Edited by Stuart Wright, this incorporates additional material from Belo's wartime letters to Carrie Fries and regimental histories and rosters. This unit was also known as the Forsythe Rifles, later designated Company "D", 11th Regiment North Carolina Volunteers

- **Belo, A. H. and William Robbins: “The Battle of Gettysburg.” Confederate Veteran 8 (1900): 165-168

 

 

Benanntes, Santos:

CS-Colonel; ++++ Allardice: More Generals in Gray (Louisiana State University Press, 1995), Bibliothek Ref MilAmerik37 S. 30

 

Photo:

Allardice, p. 36

 

 

Bence, Dr. Robert F.:

US-Surgeon; Bence war zunächst Asst. Surgeon und später Surgeon der 33rd Indiana Infantry Coburn's Brigade; Schwager von Brig­Gen Gen John *Coburn.

 

Photo:

- Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, p. 17

 

Documents/Literature:

- Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, p. 17, 391

 

 

Benedict, Edwin C.:

US-Pvt; Co. C, 12th Regiment, Pennsylvania Reserve Infantry (41st Volunteers); mustered in as Corporal (National Park soldiers M554 Roll 17; s. also(Glatthaar: The Common Soldiers Gettysburg Campaign, in: Boritt: The Gettysburg Nobody Knows, p. 14 iVm. S. 224n27).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Benedict, Edwin C.: Diary. Copy in Brake Collection, USHMI (Hinweis bei Glatthaar: The Common Soldiers Gettysburg Cam­paign, in: Boritt: The Gettysburg Nobody Knows, p. 224n27)

 

 

Benedict, George G.:

US-2nLt; Co. E, 12th Regiment Vermont Infantry (National Park Soldiers M557 Roll 1); Teilnahme am Battle of Gettysburg (Pfanz: Gettysburg, Second Day, p. 435, 556n40); aide of BrigGen Stannard während der Gettysburg Campaign (Coffin: Nine Month to Gettysburg, p. 186).

 

Second Lieutenant George G. Benedict (10 December 1826 to 8 April 1907) was an American soldier who fought in the American Civil War. Benedict was awarded the country's highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor, of his action during the Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania on July 3, 1863. He was honored with the award on 27 June 1892.  Before enlisting, he was editor of The Free Press in Burlington, Vermont. Benedict enlisted into the 12th Vermont Infantry at Burlington in August 1862. On the third day of the Battle of Gettysburg, he was among a group of men involved in the successful flank attack on Pickett's Charge, for which he gained the Medal of Honor (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_G._Benedict).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Benedict, George G.: Army Life in Virginia (Burlington / Vermont: Free Press Association, 1895)

- **Benedict, George A.: A Short History of the 14th (Vermont) Reg’t (Bennington, Vt.: Press of C. A. Pierce, 1887)

- **Benedict, George Grenville. Vermont in the Civil War. Burlington VT: Free Press Association, 1888

- **Benedict, George Grenville: The Battle of Gettysburg and the Part taken therein by Vermont Troops (Burlington 1867) (PDF-Da­tei Archiv Ref ameridownload 'Vermont Battle of Gettysburg[Benedict]')

- **Benedict, George G.: Vermont at Gettysburg, A Sketch Of The Part Taken By The Vermont Troops, In The Battle of Gettysburg (Burlington, VT: Free Press Association, 1870)

- Vermont Historical Society: Proceedings 1905/06, S. 161-177: „George Grenville Benedikt“ (PDF-Datei Archiv Ref ameridown­load 'Vermont Proceedings')

 

 

Bendix, John E.:

US-Col; Co. F&S, 7th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 19).

 

 

Benham, Calhoun:

CS-Major; Stabschef von *Cleburne bis zu dessen Tod im Battle von Franklin (zu seiner Karriere: Hay: "Cleburne, Stonewall of the West"; Einführung zu Buck: "Cleburne and his Command", p. 27).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Benham, Calhoun (Maj CSA) Papers: veröffentlicht in the "Kennesaw Gazette" Ausgaben v. 1.1.-15.1.1889 (Benham war Stabs­chef in Cleburne's Division und beschrieb nur die Zeit, während der er unter Cleburne diente: vom Battle of Murfreesboro bis zum Ende der Atlanta Campaign (Buck: Cleburne and his Command, Vorbemerkung von Hay, p. 19

- **Benham, Calhoun: "Major-Gen. P. R. Cleburne, A Biographie," Kennesaw Gazette, 15.1.1889, S. 2

 

 

Benham, Henry W.:

US-++General;

 

Im September 1861 war Benham Brigadekommandeur der Advance Brigade von Gen. Rosecrans in der Cheat Mountain Campaign und im Battle of Carnifax Ferry am Gauley River; er war unfähig, verschuldete den Verlust des Gefechts und wurde anschließend we­gen Inkompetenz entlassen (Andrews: The North reports the Civil War, p. 110).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Benham, Henry W.: Recollections of the West Virginia Campaign ... May, June and July, 1861 ... (Boston, 1873, from 'Old and New', June, 1873 and carrying the Pagination of the Magazine)

 

 

Beninger (Benninger), William:

US-Pvt; Co. H, 6th Regiment Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery (National Park SoldiersM554 Roll 8 'Benninger'); auch 5th Regiment Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery (204th Volunteers) (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 8: 'Benninger')

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beninger, William: Correspondence, 1864-65. 0.1 cu. ft. Soldier in Battery H of the 6th Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery writing from various forts in Virginia to his sister. Writes in November 1864 from Fairfax County that he is enjoying the point above Bulls Run and expects to move from this place to the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Writes in March 1865 from Fort Bennett that he thinks the war will end soon, and that the Rebels he saw at Falls Church and at Fairfax Court House were only "a few gurrillaws and a drunk." (Virginia Tech, Univ. Libraries, Special Collections: Civil War guide - Manuscript Sources for Civil War Research in the Spe­cial Col­lections Department of the Virginia Tech Libraries Ms89-107).

 

 

Benjamin, Charles F.:

US-++++; hatte verantwortliche und vertrauensvolle Positionen in der Army of the Potomac und im War Department inne (Anm. der Herausgeber zu: Benjamin, Charles F.: Hooker's Appointment and Removal; in: Battles and Leaders, III S. 239 ff.). Benjamin, a clerk for Seth Williams at the Army of the Potomac headquarters, claimed to have overheard Meade and Reynolds's conversation (Pfanz: Get­tysburg First Day, p.387n5).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Benjamin, Charles F.: "Hooker's Appointment and Removal," Battles & Leaders, Vol. 3, S. 239-243 (zuerst veröffentlicht in: The Century Magazine 33 [November 1886], S. 106-111; zur Kritik: vgl. Coddington: Gettysburg, a.a.O., S. 130 ff. sowie Nichols: To­wards Gettysburg, a.a.O., S. 180-82)

 

 

Benjamin, Judah Philip:

CS-Secretary of War, dann Secretary of State; *1811 (England)- †1884; aufgewachsen in South Carolina; erfolgreicher Anwalt in New Orleans und Plantageneigner und Sklavenhalter; einer der prominentesten jüdisch-amerikanischen Staatsmänner des 19. Jh.; er repräsentierte vor dem Krieg den Staat Louisiana im US-Senat.

 

Benjamin traf am 5.1.1861 zur Vorbereitung des CS-Gründungskongresses vom Februar 1861 und zur Vorbereitung der Entscheidung über die Sezession mit Jefferson *Davis, Albert G. *Brown u.a. anderen zusammen (Davis: A Government of Our Own, p. 12)

 

Im Bürgerkrieg war Benjamin zunächst attorney general, dann Secretary of War und Secretary of State; als Kriegsminister Kontro­verse mit Stonewall Jackson; für den Verlust der Schlüsselhäfen in North Carolina verantwortlich gemacht, mußte Benjamin im März 1862 zurücktreten; in einem riskanten politischen Manöver Jefferson Davis' sofort zum Secretary of State ernannt; dieses Amt hatte Benjamin bis Kriegsende inne; nach der CS-Niederlage floh Benjamin nach Cuba und von dort nach England, wo er den Rest seines Lebens als erfolgreicher Barrister verbrachte.

 

Benjamin war auch an der Finanzierung von Operationen des CS-Geheimdienstes beteiligt (Tidwell, April 65 - Confederate Co­vert Action, p. 11,12-13,79 u.a.)

 

Photo:

- Encyclopedia of the Civil War, p. 29

- Tidwell, April 65 - Confederate Covert Action, p. 34

 

Documents/Literature:

- Benjamin, Judah P: Diary

- **Butler, Pierce: Judah P. Benjamin (Philadelphia, 1907)

- **Meade, Robert Douthat: "The Relations Between Judah P. Benjamin and Jefferson Davis: Some New Light on the Working of the Confederate Machine." Journal of Southern History 5, no. 4 (November 1939), S. 367-79

- **Meade, Robert Douthat: Judah P. Benjamin, Confederate Statesman (New York: Oxford University Press, 1943)

 

 

Benjamin, Samuel Nicoll:

US-1st Lt; West Point +++; Kamerad von E. P. Alexander in West Point (Alexander: Fighting for the Confederacy, 46); Teilnahme an 1st Manassas; er beschoß mit einer Section der Battery G 1st US Artillery (zwei Twenty-Pounders; Davis: Battle of Bull Run, p. 115, 130) bei Blackburn's Ford am 18.7.1861 während eines Artillerie-Duells mit Lt Charles *Squires' Section der Washington Artillery das Hauptquartier Beauregard's bei McLean's House (Alexander: Fighting for the Confederacy, 46; Davis: Battle of Bull Run, p. 115); Benjamin war 1861 Offizier in Romeyn B. Ayres's Co. E, 5th US-Artillery (Alex­ander: Fighting for the Confederacy, p. 563 Anm. 32; a.A. Davis: Battle of Bull Run, p. 115: Battery G 1st US Artille­ry).

 

 

Bennett, Andrew J.:

US-Pvt; 1st Independent Battery, Massachusetts Light Artillery (National Park Soldiers M544 Roll 3).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bennett, A. J.: The Story of the 1st Massachusetts Light Battery Attached to the Sixth Army Corps (Deland and Barta: Boston, 1886)

 

 

Bennett, Edward:

US-1stLt; Co. A, 44th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 9).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bennett, Edward: „The Battle as Seen by a Member of the 44th N. Y.“ National Tribune, May 6, 1886

 

 

Bennett, Edwin C.:

US-LtCol; Captain, Co. G,E,K, 22nd Regiment Massachusetts Infantry; Bennett trat als Sergeant in das Regiment ein (National Park Soldiers M544 Roll 3). Bennett trat als Pvt im Sommer 1860 als 20jähriger in Co. I (Somerville Light Infantry), 5th Regiment, Massachusetts In­fantry (3 months, 1861) (Militia) ein und wurde am 18.4.1861 nach der Beschießung von Fort Sumter einberufen (National Park Soldiers M544 Roll 3; Bennett: Musket and Sword, p. 3). Nach Ablauf der dreimonatigen Dienstzeit schied Bennett aus, trat jedoch wieder am 16.9.1861 als 4th Sergeant in die Co. G, 22nd Regiment Massachusetts Infantry ein (Bennett: Musket and Sword, p. 29-30). Am 5.9.1862 wurde Bennett zum Cap­tain Co. E befördert (Bennett: Musket and Sword, p. 85).

 

Tilton's Brigade; im Battle of Gettysburg war er Führer der Krankenträger und Ambulanzen von Tilton's Brigade (Pfanz: Gettysburg Second Day, p. 252).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bennett, Edwin C.: Musket and Sword; or, +++weiter+++ (Boston: Coburn Publishing Co., 1900)

 

 

Bennett, Eliazer C.:

US-Pvt; Co. A, 1st Regiment Massachusetts Heavy Artillery (National Park Soldiers M544 Roll 3).

 

 

Bennett, James Gordon:

einflußreicher Verleger des 'New York Herald' (Stampp: And the War Came, p. 6); zwar ist es übertrieben, Bennett als Vater des 'yellow journa­lism' zu bezeichnen, Ben­nett dürfte aber der bedeutendste Zeitungsverleger seiner Zeit gewesen sein (Andrews: The North Reports the Civil War, p. 9).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bennet, James Gordon: Papers (Library of Congress, Washington, Manuscript Division)

 

 

Bennett, Lyman G.:

US-Major; zunächst Pvt (Corporal); Co. E, 36th Regiment Illinois Infantry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 6; Shea / Hess, Pea Ridge, p. 352 Anm. 29)., dann Major (1stLt/Adjutant), Co. F&S, 4th Regiment Arkansas Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M383 Roll 1).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bennett, Lyman G.: Papers; University of Missouri, Rolla, Western Historical Manuscript Collection

- **Bennett, Lyman G. und William M. Haigh: History of the Thirty-Six Regiment Illinois Volunteers, During the War of the Rebelli­on. Aurora, Ill. 1876

 

 

Bennett, Risden Tyler:

CS-Col; 14th Regiment North Carolina Infantry (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3; Priest: South Mountain, p. 5); Bennet war zunächst Sergeant im Re­giment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3).

 

 

Bennett, Thomas W.:

US-Col; Regimentskommandeur 69th Indiana Infantry, 9th Division Osterhaus, XIII. Army Corps McClernand während Grant's Campaign gegen Vicksburg 1863 (Bearss: Vicksburg, vol. II, S. 402); beim entscheidenden Vormarsch gegen Vicksburg auf dem Westufer des Mississippi führt Bennett auf Befehl von MajGen McClernand eine Task Force, welche die Vormarschstraße von Milli­ken's Bend nach New Carthage am Mississippi zur geplanten Übersetzstelle für Grant's Armee aufklären sollte (Winschel, Tri­umph & Defeat, p. 19). Battle of Port Gibson am 1.5.1863 (Bearss: Vicksburg, vol II, S. 402).

 

 

Benning, Henry Lewis ("Old Rock Benning"):

CS-BrigGen; ab August 1861 Col 17th Regiment Georgia Infantry (Boatner: Dictionary, p. 60, bzw. Angabe fehlerhaft, da in der Regimentsgeschichte nicht als Col genannt); Col 27th Regiment Georgia Infantry (National Park Soldiers M226 Roll 5).

 

Im Juli/August 1862 argumentierte Benning derart entschieden gegen das Recht der CS-Regierung, Einberufungen in den einzel­nen CS-Staaten anzuordnen, was seiner Ansicht nach mit der Unabhängigkeit der einzelnen Staaten (State Rights) nicht vereinbart war, daß er in Gefahr der Festnahme kam (Freeman: Lee's Lieutenants, vol. 2 S. 257; SHSP 28, 294).

 

Im Spätsommer 1862 als Col Brigadekommandeur von Toomb's Brigade (Hennessy: Return to Bull run, p. 45).

 

Benning wurde berühmt für den Einsatz bei Antietam / Sharps­burg, eingesetzt an der Lower Bridge (Burnside Bridge) (Freeman: Lee's Lieu­tenants, 2:418; OR 21, 1099-1100; Priest: Antietam, p. 239 mit Karte S. 238) und Fredericksburg. BrigGen 23.4.1863 mit Rang vom 17.1.1863 (Boatner: Dictionary, p. 60). Die von Benning kommandierte Toomb's Brigade umfaßte folgende Regimenter (Priest: Antietam, p. 321):

- 2nd Georgia Infantry

- 15th Georgia Infantry

- 17th Georgia Infantry

- 20th Georgia Infantry

 

Im Battle of Fredericksburg im Dezember 1862 gehörte Toomb's /Benning's Brigade zu Hood's Division I Army Corps Longstreet und umfaßte folgende Regimenter (Luvaas / Nelson: Guide ... Fredericksburg, p. 326):

- 2nd Georgia Infantry

- 15th Georgia Infantry

- 17th Georgia Infantry

- 20th Georgia Infantry

 

1863 während der Gettysburg Campaign gehörte Benning‘s 4th Brigade zu Longstreet’s I. Army Corps, 1st Division Hood und um­faßte folgende Regimenter:

- 2nd Georgia Infantry LtCol William T. Harris (k), Maj. W. S. Shepherd

- 15th Georgia Infantry Col D. M. du Bose

- 17th Georgia Infantry Col W. C. Hodges

- 20th Georgia Infantry Col John A. Jones (k), LtCol J. D. Waddell

 

Benning's Brigade war im Battle of Gettysburg am 2.7.1863 während Longstreet's Angriff auf den linken Flügel der US-Front am Pe­ach Orchard und den Round Tops in der 2. Linie hinter Law's Alabama Brigade eingesetzt (Penny / Laine: Struggle for the Round Tops, p. 32 mit Karte S. 33).

 

In the Chickamauga Campaign August-September 1863, Benning's Brigade was on 18.9.1863 ordered as guards of the Depot at Ringgold (Powell: Chickamauga Campaign: Mad Irregular Battle, p. 229).

 

Im Battle of the Wilderness war Benning's Georgia Brigade auf dem rechten CS-Flügel hinter BrigGen John Gregg's Texas Brigade eingesetzt. At first the Federals seemed to sustain the advance of the Confederate troops, scattering BrigGen John Gregg's Texas Bri­gade, but BrigGen Henry Benning's Georgians plunged into the contest, followed by BrigGen McIver Law's Brigade of Alabamians. The latter tossed Hancock's US-Corps into greater confusion (Mahood: General Wadsworth, p. 2).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Adelman, Garry E.: „Benning's Georgia Brigade at Gettysburg.“ Gettysburg Magazine (January 1998), issue 18, p. 57-66

- **Benning, H. L.: „Notes by General H. L. Benning on the Battle of Sharpsburg“; The Southern Historical Society Papers, XVI, S. 393 ff.

- Benning, Henry L.: „Notes by General Benning on the Battle of Gettysburg,“ Southern Historical Society Papers, 4(1877), pp. 176-178

- **Dameron, David: Benning‘s Brigade; A History and Roster of the Fifteenth Georgia, vol. 1 (Heritage Books, 2003)

- **Dameron, David: Benning's Brigade: Volume 2, A History and Roster of the Second, Seventeenth, and Twentieth Georgia Volun­teer Infantry Regiments (Heritage Books, 2011)

 

 

Benson, Berry:

9.2.1843 in Hamburg / South Carolina - 1.1.1923; CS-Scout und Sharpshooter im Rand eines Sergeant; zunächst als Milizionär bei den Minute Men, dann Soldat in Jackson ‘footcavalry’, anschließend im Scharfschützen-Bataillon in Maxcy *Gregg’s *1st South Ca­rolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment; bei Kriegsbeginn eingesetzt als Artillerist auf Morris Island bei Charleston (hierzu Sher­man, Me­moirs, Bd. 1 S. 35) ggü. Fort Sumter (Benson, MilAmerik6, S. 2) und nahm an der Beschießung von Fort Sumter teil (Benson, Mi­lAmerik6, S. 3/4); er diente in Stonewall Jackson’s „Footcavalry“, nach *Jackson’s Tod im Battalion of Sharpshoo­ters im 1st South Carolina Infantry; Schlachten: First Bull Run, Seven Days, Sharpsburg, Chancellorsville, Wilderness, Spottsylva­nia, Pe­tersburg, Ap­pomattox; (); Benson war Kriegsgefangener: 2 Tage Point Lookout Prison (erfolgreiche Flucht über den Potomac), auf der Flucht er­neut gefangen und zunächst im

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Benson, Berry: Memoirs; Robert S. Brake Collection, US Army Military History Institute, Carlisle Barracks / Pennsylvania

- **Benson, Susan (Hrsg.): Berry Benson’s Civil War Book. Memoirs of a Confederate Scout and Sharps­hooter, Reprint 1992

 

 

Benson, Captain:

US-Captain, Benson's Battery 2nd US Artillery; Battle of Seven Days - Hanover Court House 27.5.1862 (Milhollen u.a.: Divided we Fought, S. 52)

 

Photos:

- Milhollen u.a.: Divided we Fought, S. 53: Benson's Battery

 

 

Benson, Georg W.:

US-Pvt; Co. B, 179th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (Drafted Militia) (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 8). Benson came from Allentown, Pennsylvania.

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Benson, Georg W.: Correspondence, 1863-65. 0.1 cu. ft. Union soldier from Allentown, Pennsylvania. Eleven letters from camps in Washington, D.C., Ohio, Virginia, and Pennsylvania, referring to camp life, his comrades, and finding a wife when he returns home. Transcript available. Virginia Tech, Univ. Libraries, Special Collections: Civil War guide - Manuscript Sources for Civil War Rese­arch in the Special Collections Department of the Virginia Tech Libraries Ms88-083.

 

 

Bentley, Henry:

US-Journalist; Philadelphia Inquirer; Bentley war am 6.4.1862 im Battle of Shiloh anwesend im Hauptquartier 1st Brigade Col Ever­ett *Peabody (Daniel: Shiloh, p. 145).

 

 

Bentley, M. A.:

CS-Pvt;

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bentley, M. A.: Letter, 1863. 0.1 cu. ft. Letter from a Confederate soldier to his father. Writes September 2, 1863, from Richmond, Virginia, about the camp meetings and his faith in God. (Virginia Tech, Univ. Libraries, Special Collections: Civil War guide; Manus­cript Sources for Civil War Research in the Special Collections Department of the Virginia Tech Libraries Ms90-015).

 

 

Bentley, Wilbur G.:

US-LtCol; Major, Co. F&S, 9th Regiment New York Cavalry; Captain Co. H (National Park Soldier M551Roll 9: 'Wilber G. Bentley').

 

1863 LtCol 9th New York Cavalry, Col Thomas C. Devin's Brigade 1st Cavalry Division BrigGen John Buford, Cavalry Corps Army of the Potomac (Martin: Gettysburg, p. 88).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bentley, W. G.: „The First Shot at Gettysburg.“ National Tribune 21.8.1913

 

 

Bentley, William A.:

CS-US; Co. E, 13th Regiment Kansas Infantry (National Park Soldiers M542 Roll 1).

 

 

Bentley, William H.:

US-Corporal; Co. I, 77th Regiment Illinois Infantry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 6).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bentley, William H.: History of the 77th Illinois Volunteer Infantry, Sept. 2, 1862 - July 10, 1865 (Peoria / Illinois: Edward Hine Printer, 1883)

 

 

Bentley, William Weldon:

CS-LtCol, 1839 - 23.7.1924 on Richmond / Va.; aus Montgomery County / Virginia; Graduate VMI Class 1860; 24th Virginia Infan­try; Nachkriegszeit Farmer und Viehzüchter; Grab Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Va.

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bentley, William Weldon: Letter 13.6.1862 (VMI-Archive)

 

 

Benton, Caleb Henry:

US-Lt; Co. D, Regiment 5th Vermont Infantry (National Park Soldiers M557 Roll 1).

 

26.2.1841 Lunenburg/Vermont - † 10.11.1890 Minneapolis/Minnesota; Sohn  von Rueben C. Benton und Almira F. Benton; Bruder von LtCol Reuben C. *Benton; °°  Janette G. Graham Benton (1848 – 1885); Vater von Chrissie May Benton (1876 – 1930), Rillah P. Benton (1877 – 1950) und Harry G Benton (1878 – 1964) (www.findagrave.com).

 

Farmer's son, student, soldier, and lawyer are words which express the vocations of a life of less than fifty years, every one of which was crowded with earnest endeavor and faithful discharge of duty. On February 26, 1841, in Lunenberg, Essex County, Vermont, Ca­leb Henry Benton was born and in the city of Minneapolis, just after high twelve,10 November 1890, without a moment's warning, the lamp of life was forever extinguished. His early years were said to be 'uneventful'. At the age of twenty he had received such trai­ning as the country schools and academies of Vermont could offer him as he had then completed his first year in college. His educati­on was continued in the camp and field, for on August 21, 1861 he enlisted as a private in Company D, Fifth Regiment of Vermont Infantry, and served until the completion of his term of enlistment in Aug 1864. He was made Sergeant Major 31 Dec 1861, promoted to Second Lt. 9 July 1862, as a reward for distinguished valor at Savage Station. 24 Jan 1863 he was again promoted to the First Lieutenancy of his Company and early in Feb, 1863, he was detailed as Adjutant of his Regiment and held the position until he was mustered out of service. 

He was engaged in many of the greatest battles of the Civil War, among some of the most important of which may be mentioned Lee's Mills, Williamsburg, The 7 Days' Fight, Golding's Farm, White Oak Swamp, Savage Station, Malvern Hill, Crampton's Gap, Antietam, 1st & 2nd Fredericksburg, including Mary's Heights, Salem Heights, Banks Ford, Chancellorsville, Funkstown and Wil­liamsport. He was at Rappahannock Station during the winter of 1863-4, south of the Rapidan, in the Wilderness of Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor and Petersburg, and fought his last fight in that war at historic Charlestown, Virginia. His army record shows that he was not absent from his Regiment a single day during his entire term of service, and that his hospital record was entirely blank.

After the war he returned to Vermont, entered the Albany Law School, graduated in 1866, settled to the practice of his profession at South Troy, Vermont, and married miss Flora Hadley, who, with two children, died previous to his removal to Minneapolis in 1871. In Minnesota he rapidly acquired a high rank in the practice of law and was regarded as one of the leading lawyers of the State. It was said that he was a fair opponent, but a hard fighter, and, above all things, he abhorred trickery and deceit. In 1875 he was again married to Miss Jeanette Graham, who died in 1885, leaving him three children.

His Masonic career began in Vermont after his discharge from the Army. He was initiated and passed 11 January and raised 11 Fe­b1865, in Mount Vernon Lodge, No.8, and was demitted February 5, 1868. On his arrival in Minnesota he affiliated with Hennepin Lodge, No. 4 on 13 Nov 1872. He was elected Junior Warden of that Lodge in 1874, Senior Warden in 1875, and Worshipful Master in 1876, 1877 and 1878. He entered the Grand Lodge in 1875. where his abilities were quickly recognized and he was appointed to positions on various committees to the lasting advantage of the Grand Lodge. He was then appointed Grand Sword Bearer. He was elected Senior Grand Warden in 1878, Deputy Grand Master in 1879 and 188o, and Most Worshipful Grand Master in 1882 and 1883. He was a member of the Committee on Appeals and Grievances in 1876 and 1877, Chairman of the Committee on Obituaries in 1878, a member of the Committee on Foreign Correspondence in 1879, and of the Grand Lodge Funds in 1880 (aus www.fin­dagrave.com, Abruf vom 14.10.2016).

 

Photo:

Lt. Caleb Henry Benton (http://vermonthistory.org/virtual-vhs/photographs/civil-war-officers)

 

 

Benton, Charles E.:

US-Pvt; Co. A, 150th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 9; Castel: Decision in the West, p. 188).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Benton, Charles E.: As Seen from the Ranks: A Boy in the Civil War (New York: G. P. Putnam's sons, 1902)

 

 

Benton, Reuben C.:

US-LtCol; geb. 1830 Lunenburg, Essex County, Vermont - † 8.1.1895 Minneapolis / Minnesota (http://www.findagrave.com); Co. F&S, 11th Vermont Infantry Regiment (= 1st Regiment Vermont Heavy Artillery) (National Park Soldiers M557 Roll 1); be­fördert zum LtCol August 1862; resigned 21.6.1864 (Ledoux: „Quite ready to be sent somewhere“. The Civil War Letters of Al­dace Freeman Walker, p. 19, Letter from 28.8.1862; S. 21 Anm. 19).

 

Sohn  von Rueben C. Benton und Almira F. Benton; Bruder von Lieutenant Caleb Henry Benton (Co. D, 4th Vermont Infantry Regim­ent); °°  Sarah M. Benton (1837 – 1918); Vater von Mary Benton (1859 – 1882), George Milton Benton (1860 – 1863), und He­len Benton (1862 – 1863) http://www.findagrave.com).

 

Photo:

LtCol Reuben C. Benton (http://vermonthistory.org/virtual-vhs/photographs/civil-war-officers/category/4-civilwarb)

 

 

Benton, Thomas Hart:

US-Politiker aus Missouri; Senator in Washington; Vater der Jessie Benton Frémont, der Ehefrau des späteren MajGen John C. Fré­mont (Brooksher: Bloody Hill, p. 110). Benton starb 1857 an Krebs. Seine letzten Tage nutzte er zum Schreiben einer kritischen Stellungnahme zur Dred *Scott Entscheidung des US-Supreme Court von 1857 (Nevins, The Emergence of Lincoln, vol. I, p. 113).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Benton, Thomas Hart: History and Legal Examination of Dred Scott Case (New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1858)

 

 

Benton, William Plummer:

US-MajGen; 1828-1867; Benton stammt Richmond / Ind. (Karte Davis Nr. 151) und war dort aufgrund seines Ansehens Judge (Gaff, On many a Bloody Field, S. 3); er eröffnete bei Kriegsbeginn unmittelbar nach dem Fall von Fort Sumter in Richmond ein Rekrutier­ungsbüro und kündigte die Aufstellung einer 3-Month-Company an (Gaff, p. 3); Benton wurde am 27.4.1861 zum Colonel des 8th Indiana Infantry gewählt; Teilnahme am Gefecht von Rich Mountain 11.7.1861. Nach Ablauf der 3-Months-Ver­pflichtung am 6.8.1861 ausgemustert. Bei der erneuten Verpflichtung der 8th Indiana Infantry als 3-Years-Regiment am 5.9.1861 er­neut Col 8th In­diana Infantry (Boatner, p. 60). Benton wurde anschließend in Missouri eingesetzt (Hicken: Illinois in the Civil War, p. 17; Boatner, p. 60), wo er eine aus Missouri stammende Witwe heiratete (Hicken, p. 17).

 

BrigGen USV 28.4.1862; eingesetzt als Brigadekommandeur in Southeast Missouri. Die Brigade umfaßte Benton's eigene 8th India­na Infantry, 33rd Illinois ++++ Ein Private der zur Brigade Benton gehörenden 33rd Illinois, Virgil G. *Way, beschrieb später Benton "as a man lacking in fundamental requisites of leadership." Benton's Heirat mit einer Witwe aus Missouri nach nur 10tägiger Wer­bung schrieb Virgil G. Way war "the most courageous thing we ever knew him to do" (Hicken, p. 17; Way, Virgil G.: Hist­ory of the Thirty-Third Regiment Illinois Veteran Volunteer Infantry [Gibson City / Ill., 1902], S. 30, 32).

 

 

Bentz, William H.:

US-1stLt; Co. K, 8th Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry; mustered in as Sergeant Co. K (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 8); also (later ?) 1stLt, Co. K, 16th Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry (National Park Soldiers 554 Roll 8).

 

Documents/Literature:

Bentz, William H.: „From One of Keenan's Men.“; in: National Tribune, 22.10.1881

 

 

Berdan, Hiram:

US-Col; 1st US Sharpshooters (Berdan’s Sharpshooters); Photo bei Längin, p. 125. Es gab folgende Scharfschützenre­gimenter:

- 1st US Sharpshooter Regiment (zusammengesetzt aus 10 Kompanien aus verschiedenen US-Staaten zu je 100 Mann)

- 2nd US Sharpshooter Regiment (zusammengesetzt aus 10 Kompanien aus verschiedenen US-Staaten zu je 100 Mann)

 

Beide Regimenter wurden von Col. Hiram Berdan als übergeordnetem Kommandeur befehligt (Denton, p. 3). Das 2nd Regiment hat­te als unmittelbar verantwortlicher. Kommandeur Col. Pst +++prüfen+++ (Denton: First Minnesota Sharpshooter Company, p. 8).

 

On 2.7.1863 Berdan's Sharpshooters conducted the reconnaissance west of Emmitsburg in the Pitzer's woods south and west of the Wheatfield, where the Millerstown Road crossed (Hessler: Sickles at Gettysburg, p. 124; Marcot: „Berdan's Sharpshooters at Gettysburg,“ in: Gettysburg Magazine 1, 39; Sau­ers: Gettysburg: The Meade-Sickles Controversy, p. 35 mit Karte, S. 36; Pfanz:_ Gettysburg Second Day, p. 114).

 

Photo:

- Davis / Wiley: Photographic History of the Civil War, vol II, p. 97

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Allen, Lewis Y.: "Berdan's Sharpshooters." National Tribune, 12. August 1886

- **Benson, Susan (Hrsg.): Berry Benson’s Civil War Book. Memoirs of a Confederate Scout and Sharpshooter, Reprint 1992

- **Denton, Paul: The First Minnesota Sharpshooter Company in the Army of the Potomac during the Civil War 1861-1865

- **Marcot, Roy: „Berdan's Sharpshooters at Gettysburg,“ in: Gettysburg Magazine 1 January 1989): 35-40

- **Sword, Wiley: Sharpshooter: Hiram Berdan, His Famous Sharpshooters and their Sharps Rifles (Mowbray Books); 125 pp.

- **Stevens, Charles A.: Berdan’s US-Sharpshooters in the Army of the Potomac, 1861-1865 (St. Paul Minnesota: Price McGill Com­pany, 1892); 597 pp; Illustrations; Rosters. Originally published in 1892. Nevins calls this "A superb regimental history of one of the North's most famous commands; a professional journalist, Stevens captured drama, color, and excitement."

 

 

Berkeley, Henry Robinson:

CS-Lt; at first Pvt, Kirkpatrick's Company, Virginia Light Artillery (Amherst Artillery) (National Park Soldiers M384 Roll 4) und Nelson's Com­pany, Virginia light Artillery (Hanover Artillery) (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 4). CS-Lt, Amherst Artillery (Pfanz: Gettysburg First Day, p. 18).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Berkeley, Henry Robinson: Four Years in the Confederate Artillery: The Diary of Private Henry Robinson Berkeley; ed. William H. Runge (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1961)

 

 

Berkeley, Peyton R.:

CS-Captain; 3rd Virginia Cavalry; er führte den Angriff auf US-Nachschubtruppen bei *Massaponax Church, Va während Stuart' Aufklärungsritt durch Zentral Virginia am 6.8.1862 (Stuart's Report OR 12 [2] S. 120, 121).

 

 

Berkeley, William R.:

CS-Capt; 1861 Capt. Co. Buckingham Leitches der 21st Virginia Infantry (Worsham, John H.: "One of Jackson's Foot Cavalry, p. 23).

 

 

Bernard, George S.:

CS-Sergeant; Co. I&E, 12th Regiment Virginia Infantry (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 4; Priest: South Mountain, p. 17).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bernard, George S. (Co. I, 12th VA.): War Talks of Confederate Veterans (Fenn & Owen Publishers: Petersburg, Va., 1892)

 

 

Bernays, Charles Dr.:

Zeitungsverleger aus St. Louis; Herausgeber des 'Anzeiger des Westens'; persönlicher Freund Lincoln's; Bernays setzt sich für die Abberufung Harneys's und die Ernennung Lyon's zum Oberkommandierenden in Missouri ein (Brooksher: Bloody Hill, p. 71).

 

 

Berry, Chester D.:

US-Pvt; Co. E/J, 20th Regiment Michigan Infantry (National Park Soldiers M545 Roll 3).

 

Chester geriet am 2.6.1862 bei Cold Harbor / VA in Kriegsgefangenschaft, was confined at the Pemberton Prison in Virginia and later transferred to Andersonville on 16.6.1864 (Potter: Sultana Tragedy, p. 9).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Berry, Chester D.: Loss of the Sultana and Reminiscenses of Survivers (Lansing, Michigan: 1892)

 

 

Berry, Hiram Gregory:

US-MajGen; 27.8.1824 – 2.5.1863, gef. Battle of Chancellorsville (erschossen von einem Scharfschützen); aus Rockland / Maine; Mayor von Rockland; Democratic Party; Abgeordneter im Maine Parla­ment; Captain der örtlichen Militia; ab 15.6.1861 Col 4th Mai­ne Infantry; Sedgwick's Brigade (2nd Brigade), Heintzelman's Divisi­on, Army of the Potomac (Frobel, Diary, p. 68); das Camp der 4th Maine Infantry befand sich seit Oktober 1861 bis Früh­ling 1862 auf dem Gelände der Farm von Anna S. Frobel. Frobel schildert Vorwürfe von Nachbarn, wonach sich Berry's Regiment durch permanenten Pferdediebstahl 'auszeichnete' (Frobel, Dia­ry, p. 83). Teilnahme an 1st Manassas, Peninsular Cam­paign; 2nd Manassas; im Battle von Fredericksburg Brigadekomman­deur im III Corps. MajGen 29.11.1862; als Nachfolger von Joseph Hooker war Berry Divisionskommandeur im III Corps; unter dem Kommando von General Daniel E. Sickles Divisionskom­mandeur im Battle von Chancellorsville am 3.5.1863; dort tödlich verwun­det gegen 7.00 und innerhalb einer halben Stunde gestor­ben. Sein Grab befindet sich auf dem Achorn Cemetary in Rockland / Maine (Warner: Generals in Blue, p. 31-33).

 

BrigGen Berry (damals Brigadekommandeur in Phil Kearney's Division on the Peninsula) hatte MajGen's Hooker und Kearny im Juni 1862 begleitet, als beide von MajGen McClellan im Battle of the Peninsula gefordert hatten, „that orders for retreat be canceled. They themselves would lead their troops in a wild assault on the Rebel lines. Berry had been present when the demand was made, had heard McClellan's icy refusal and Keary's furious reply that risked a court-martial. Berry hatte als Bürger von Maine und guter Freund des Vice-President, US-Vicepresident Hannibal Hamlin (aus Maine) brieflich über die Vorgänge unterrichtet (Catton: Glory Road, p. 5). The visit of Hamlin, Berry and Hooker is described by General Charles Hamlin, son of the Vice-President, in E. K. Gould's „Major General Hiram G Berry, p. 229) (Catton: Glory Road, p. 348 Anm. 5).

 

Photo:

MajGen Hiram G. Berry (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiram_Gregory_Berry)

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Gould, Edward K.: Major-General Hiram G. Berry, His Career as a Contractor, Bank President, Politician, and Major-General of Volunteers, in the Civil War Together With ... Run to Chancellorsville, Reprint 2015

 

 

Berry, James Henderson:

CS-2ndLt; Co E, 16th Regiment Arkansas Infantry (National Park Soldiers M376 Roll 2).

 

1841-1913; former governor and United States senator from Arkansas. Berry served as a second lieutenant of Company E, Sixteenth Arkansas Infantry, and left the service after he lost a leg in fighting near Corinth, Mississippi, in 1862. Following his 1906 defeat for reelection to the Senate, Berry was appointed by the secretary of war to mark the graves of Con­federate soldiers who had died in Union prison camps.

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Berry, James Henderson: Letters and papers, 1905-1913; 120 items. Personal correspondence, essays, and obituary notices pertai­ning to James Henderson Berry (1841-1913), former governor and United States senator from Arkansas. Berry served as a second lieutenant of Company E, Sixteenth Arkansas Infantry, and left the service after he lost a leg in fighting near Corinth, Mississippi, in 1862. Following his 1906 defeat for reelection to the Senate, Berry was appointed by the secretary of war to mark the graves of Con­federate soldiers who had died in Union prison camps. This collection includes a few letters pertaining to Berry's activities with the grave-marking commission and as an officer of the United Confederate Veterans (Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville: Manuscript Re­sources for the Civil War, Compiled by Kim Allen Scott, 1990).

 

 

Berry, Thomas G.:

CS-LtCol; Pvt. Co. A, Morgan' Regiment Texas Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M227 Roll 3); LtCol, Co. F&S, Captain, Co. A, 9th Regiment Texas Cavalry (Sims') (National Park Soldiers M227 Roll 3).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Berry, Thomas: Four Years with Morgan and Forrest (Oklahoma City, 1914)

 

 

Berryman, John C. (B.):

CS-Sergeant; zunächst Co. H Weston's Battalion Maryland Infantry (National Park Soldiers M379 Roll 1; dort als John B. Berry­man bezeichnet); später Ser­geant Co. C., 1st Regiment Maryland Infantry (Goldsborough: The Maryland Line in the Confederate Army, p. 23; dort als John C. Berryman genannt).

 

Im Battle of First Manassas erlitt Berryman eine Schußverletzung in the groin and rendered a cripple for life (Goldsborough: The Maryland Line in the Confederate Army, p. 23).

 

 

Berryman, H. W.:

CS-Pvt; Co. I, 1st Regiment Texas Infantry (National Park Soldiers M227 Roll 3).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Berryman, H. W.: „Company I, 1st Texas at Gettysburg.“ New York times, July 3, 1913

 

Berryman, Theophilus J.:

CS-Sergeant Major; Hankins' Company, Virginia Light Artillery (Surry Light Artillery) (Civil Park Service M382 Roll 4); er kandidierte im Au­gust 1862 bei der Wahl des Nachfolgers des gefallenen 2nd Lieutenants Crenshaw gegen Commissary Sergeant J. W. Whitley, unter­lag jedoch (Jones: Under the Stars and Bars: Surry Light Artillery of Virginia, p. 51).

 

 

Berryhill, Charles William „Cap“:

CS-Pvt; Co. A, 5th Regiment Alabama Cavalry (www.findagrave.com, Abruf vom 7.6.2016; Anm.: National Park Soldiers nicht ge­nannt; ebenfalls nicht m Roster Co. A 5th Alabama Cavalry erwähnt; http://files.usgwarchives.net/al/fayette/military/csa/5tha­la8.txt); he enlisted in Cherokee County/Alabama im August 1862 und was honorably discharged in Mai 1865; his nickname was 'Cap'; he worked for railroads and always wore a cap (www.findagra­ve.com, Abruf vom 7.6.2016)

 

15.6.1846 Marion County/Alabama - † 15.9.1907 Fayette County/Alabama; S.v. Alexander Berryhill und Cealia Weeks Berryhill; °° Caroline Perry Berryhill (1840-1920; Wwe. (sie °° I mit First Sergeant George W. *Dickinson [† 15.10.1863 „died from wounds re­ceived in the civil War“], Co. A, 5th Regiment Alabama Cavalry [www.findagrave.com , Abruf vom 4.6.2016]).

 

 

Bertholf, Gilbert D.:

US-Corporal; Co. G, 7th Regiment Ohio Infantry (National Park Soldiers M552 Roll 8).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bertholf, G. D.: „The Twelfth Corps.“ National Tribune 11.5.1805

 

 

Bertling, Philipp:

CS-Pvt; 4th Battalion Virginia Partisan Rangers (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 4).

 

 

Besancon, Henry:

US-Musician; Co. C, 104th New York Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 10).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Besancon, Henry: Diary 1863; Duke University, Rare Books, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library, Durham, NC

 

 

Besley, William B.:

US-Quartermaster Sergeant; Co. I, 6th Regiment New York Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 10).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Hall, Hillman and W. B. Besley: History of the Sixth New York Cavalry, Second Ira Harris Guard Second Brigade, First Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, 1861-1865 (Worcester: The Blanchard Press, 1908) (PDF-Version available)

 

 

Besse, George:

US-Pvt; Co. A, McClellan Dragoons, Squadron, Illinois Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 7), the unit was rejoined with 12th regiment Illinois Cavalry, therefore he is mentioned on his gravestone in Remington Cemetery, Remington/Indiana as Pvt, Co, A, 12th Illinois Cavalry (s. Photo, findagrave.com, accessed 19.1.2019).

 

2..1.1841 Will County/Illinois - † 3.5.1922 Jasper County/Indiana, buried Remington Cemetery, Remington, Jasper County, Indiana (findagrave.com, accessed 19.1.2019).

 

 

Best, Isaac O.:

US-Pvt; Co. A, 121st Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 10). Best war auch Pvt, Co. A, 16th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 10).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Best, Isaac O. Best (121st NY): History of the 121st New York State Infantry (Upton's Regulars) (Chicago 1921); 254 pp, Index, Rosters, Photos

 

 

Betge, Robert J.:

US-Col; 68th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 10). Betge stammte aus Braunschweig und war deutschstämmig (Kamphoefner/Helbich, Wolfgang: Germans in the Civil War, p. 47).

 

1824 - † 9.9. 1877; was a German-American politician and United States Army officer during the American Civil War. Betge was born in Prussia and emigrated to New Jersey, where he operated a stationery store. In 1857, Betge joined the board of directors of the Hoboken Bank for Savings. In 1861, at the outbreak of the Civil War, Betge received permission to organize the 68th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment and was commissioned as its colonel. After entering service, he led the unit to Virginia where he was court-martialed. Found not guilty, Betge continued as colonel of the 68th New York until March 1862. That month, after protesting to his commanding general what he perceived to be mistreatment of his unit, Betge was placed under arrest. After his unit fought in the Battle of Cross Keys, he resigned his commission on August 6, 1862. In 1866, Betge moved to San Francisco, where he continued to work as a stationer and authored a book of verse. In 1868, he was elected to the California State Senate as a Democrat. He was re-elected in 1870 and served as the Chairman of the Committee on Commerce and Navigation. He died in 1877 (Wikipedia, Stichwort Robert J. Betge, Abruf v. 12.5.2016).

 

 

Betts, Alexander D.:

CS-Chaplain; Co. F&S, 30th Regiment North Carolina Infantry (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3); auch General and Staff Officers, Non-Re­gimental Enlisted Men, CSA, (National Park Soldiers M818 Roll 3).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Betts, Rev. Alexander D.: Experiences of a Confederate Chaplain, 1861-1864. N.p., n.d.

 

 

Bevens, William E.:

CS-Pvt; Co. F&S, G, 1st Regiment Arkansas Infantry (Colquitt's) (National Park Soldiers M376 Roll 5)

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bevens, W. E. Reminiscences of a Private. Edited by Daniel E. Sutherland. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1992.

 

 

Beveridge, John L.:

US-BrigGen; 1864 Col 8th Illinois Cavalry; im Sommer 1863 war Major Beveridge Regimentskommandeur 8th Illinois Cavalry 1st Cavalry Brigade Col William *Gamble 1st Cavalry Division BrigGen John Buford Army of the Potomac (Martin: Gettysburg, p. 39). Die 8th Illinois Cavalry bildete mit Teilen unter Captain Daniel *Buck am 1.7.1863 in Gettysburg die vorgeschobene Picket Line vor der Front von Buford's Cavalry Division am Chambersburg Pike nahe Marsh Creek westlich von McPherson's Ridge (Martin: Gettys­burg, p. 73, 79).

 

Col. George H. Chapman befehligte am 1.7.1863 Teile der Verteidigungslinie der Cavalry Brigade Gamble bei McPherson's Ridge bestehend aus 12th Illinois Cavalry und 3rd Indiana Cavalry (Martin: Gettysburg, p. 74) bzw. Colonel George Chapman led the two of the 12th Illinois Cavalry and 3rd Indiana Cavalry, Gamble's Cavalry Brigade at the northern end of General Buford's picket line at Herr Ridge (westlich vor McPherson's Ridge). Major John Beveridge held the center with Gamble's own 8th Illinois; and LtCol Wil­liam Markell's 8th New York took the left flank (Newton: McPherson's Ridge, p. 19).

 

Beveridge initially served with Farnsworth in the 8th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Cavalry. In November 1863, he received approval to raise his own regiment, the 17th Illinois Volunteer Cavalry and was elevated to the rank of Major. The unit saw service in Missouri. He was brevetted to Brigadier General in March 1865 and mustered out on February 6, 1866. Upon returning home, Be­veridge was elected to serve as Cook County Sheriff. In 1870, Beveridge was elected to the Illinois Senate as a Republican. The next year, Beveridge was elected to fill the vacancy in the United States House of Representatives caused by the resignation of John A. Logan. He served in this role for only a year as well, resigning to accept his election as Lieutenant Governor of Illinois. The next year, upon the resignation of Richard J. Oglesby, Beveridge became Governor of Illinois (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ John_ Lou­rie_Beveridge).

 

Photo:

Col. John L. Beveridge (www.findagrave.com).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Beveridge, John L.: "The First Gun at Gettysburg", in: Bandy and Freeland: The Gettysburg Papers, Vol. I: 159-180 (= Illinois Mollus, Vol. 2: 90)

- **Beveridge, John L.: „First Shot at Gettysburg.“ National Tribune, 31 July 1902

- **Beveridge, John L.: "Illinois Monuments at Gettysburg"; in: Gettysburg Sources, Vol. 3: 1-37

 

 

Bevins, William E.:

CS-Pvt; auch 'Bevens'; 1st Arkansas Infantry (Co G)

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bevins, William E. (1st Arkansas Infantry, C.S.A.): Reminiscenses of a Private (Univ Arkansas Press, 1992); 282 pp, Illustrated; Maps, Biblio, Notes, Roster

- **Stone, Thomas R.: Diary, May 5, 1861 - July, 1862; 1 roll. The diary is actually a handwritten copy made in 1911 by W. E. *Be­vins. Like Private Thomas R. Stone, Bevins was a member of Company G, First Arkansas Infantry, and copied the original diary and a few letters of Stone written during July 1862 (Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville: Manuscript Resources for the Civil War, Compiled by Kim Allen Scott, 1990).

 

 

Beyer, Hillary:

US-2ndLt; Co. +++; 90th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry; er erhielt im Battle of Antietam die Medal of Honor; he cared by East Wood for wounded comrades (National Park Soldiers,Antietam Medal Honor).

 

 

Bickham, William D.:

US-Journalist; Reporter des Cincinnati Commercial; Bickham schrieb einen umfassenden Bericht über die Rich Mountain Campaign in West Virginia 1861 (Andrews: The North reports the Civil War, p. 106).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bickham, W. D.: Rosecrans' Campaign with the Fourteenth Army Corps (Cincinnati, 1863)

 

 

Bickley, George Washington Leigh (Lamb), „Dr.“:

18.7.1823 Russell County, Va. - † 10.8.1867 aged 44, Baltimore, Md.; buried Green Mount Cemetery, Baltimore; Plot: Weaver family fault (www.findagrave.com, accessed 10.12.2018 Klement: Dark Lanterns, p. 7 says: „Little is known of his pre-Cincinnati days, except that he was a Virginian born in Louisa County and a oneti­me resident of Tazewell County in the southwestern corner of the state“).

 

Claiming to hold a medical certificate from the University of London, class of 1842 – a barefaced lie – Bickley secured an appoint­ment as lecturer of the Eclectic Medical Institute (Klement: Dark Lanterns, p. 7).

 

∞ a well-to-do widow, Mrs. William Dodson, tapped her resources for his various schemes, and achieved a semblance of respectabili­ty (Klement: Dark Lanterns, p. 7).

 

Founder der Geheimorganisation "Knights of the Golden Circle" in der Vorkriegszeit; später umbenannt in "Order of American Knights" (AOK) (Van Doren Stern: Secret Missions, p. 12).

 

Die geheimbündlerisch organisierte Gruppe, die der Vorbereitung der Sezession diente (Darrow, Caroline Baldwin: Recollection of the Twiggs Surrender; in Johnson / Buel, Battles and Leaders, Vol I From Sumter to Shiloh, p. 33 f).

 

Durch Probleme mit den Finanzen und der eigenen Führung gelang es den KGC nicht, auch nur irgendeines ihrer Ziele umzusetzen (Hale: Third Texas Cavalry, p. 12).

 

Den KGC gehörten in Texas viele prominente Bürger an, die Kapitel in mindestens 27 Texas Counties gründeten (Hale: Third Texas Cavalry, p. 12). Der Einfluß in Texas war groß. Als glühende südliche Patrioten stellten Mitglieder der KGC mehrere militärische Führer der erst­en Volunteer Einheiten in Texas. So wurde der State Commander der KGC, Elkanah B. Greer, innerhalb weniger Monate Colonel der 3rd Texas Cavalry. Vor allem aber beeinflussten die Mitglieder der Organisation den in kurzer Zeit in Texas erfolgten Meinungsums­chwung vom Eintreten für die Union zur Sezession (Hale: Third Texas Cavalry, p. 12).

 

Die KGC, die auch im Norden vertreten war, zählte im Frühjahr 1864 zur Friedensbewegung, den *Copperheads (Schultz: The Dahlgren Affair, p. 18), die dem radikalen Flügel der demokratischen Partei, den sog. Peace Democrats zuzurechnen waren. Der Geheimbund ver­suchte auf diese Weise, den Norden zu unterwandern und zu schwächen. Er war im Norden mehr als eine politi­sche Gruppierung, warb im Norden offen Soldaten für die CSA an, unternahm Brandstiftungen an Regierungsgebäuden, Militär-Versorgungseinrichtung­en, Überfälle auf Häuser von Unionssoldaten und bekannten Kriegsbefürwortern, und unterstützte mit Waf­fenlieferungen die CS-Guerilla im südlichen Missouri (Schultz: The Dahlgren Affair, p. 19).

 

Die KGC wurde später umgewandelt in "Order of American Knights" (AOK) (Van Doren Stern: Secret Missions, p. 12).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bridges, C. A.: "The Knights of the Golden Circle: A Filibustering Fantasy," Southwestern Historical Quarterly 44 (Jan., 1941): 287-302

- **Crenshaw, Ollinger: "The Knights of the Golden Circle," American Historical Review 47 (Oct., 1941): 23-50

- **Dunn, Roy S.: "The KGC in Texas, 1860-1861." Southwestern Historical Quarterly 70 (Apr., 1967): 543-573

- Klement: „George Bickley and the Knights of the Golden Circle“;in: Klement: Dark Lanterns, p. 7 ff.

- **Sandbo, Anna I.: "The First Session of the Secession Convention of Texas," Southwestern Historical Quarterly 18 (Oct., 1914): 173- 175

 

 

Bickmore, Albert S.:

US-Pvt; Co. A, 44th Regiment Massachusetts Infantry (Militia) (National Park Soldiers M544 Roll 3)

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bickmore, Albert S.: four Letters to Abbe Cleveland, written while on special duty as a nurse at Beaufort, NC, 4.3.-25.31863; in: Abbe, Cleveland: Letters; Library of Congress, Civil War Manuscripts, Washington DC

 

 

Bicknell, George W.:

US-Adjutant; Co. F&S, 5th Regiment Maine Infantry; zuvor Pvt (Co. H&K) (National Park Soldiers M543 Roll 2).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bicknell, George W.: History of the Fifth Regiment Maine Volunteers (Ortland / Maine, 1871)

 

 

Biddle, Alexander:

US-LtCol; Co. F&S, 121st Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 9).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Biddle, Alexander: „Supplemental Account of Major Alexander Biddle, One Hundred Twenty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers, on the Gettysburg Campaign, July 1 and 2, 1863.“ In: Hewett, Trudeau, and Suderow, Supplement, 27: 145-52

 

 

Biddle, Chapman:

oder James C. Biddle (Sauers: Meade-Sickles Controversy, p. 72-73, 89, 124) +++prüfen+++

 

US-Col (Wilson: Pettigrew, p. 61); 121st Pennsylvania Infantry (Martin: Gettysburg, p. 91); Brigadekomman­deur Biddle's Brigade (1st Brigade 3rd Division Gen. Rowley) in Gettysburg

 

Documents/Literature:

- Biddle, James C.: Biddle Letters, Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.

- **Biddle, Chapman, "First Day of the Battle of Gettysburg" - Campaign of Gettysburg; Gettysburg National Military Park Library, Box B- 32

- **O'Brien, Kevin E.: Give Them Another Volley, Boys: Biddle's Brigade Defends the Union Left on July 1, 1863; Gettysburg Ma­gazin Nr. 19

- **McLean, James and Judy: Gettysburg Sources Vol 3; Butternut and Blue (Numerous accounts of the battle including: Who fired the opening shots?; McLaws on the 2nd Day; Biddle on the 1st Day; 124th NY on the 2nd Day)

 

 

Biddle, Charles J.:

US-Col, 16th Regiment Illinois Cavalry; 1864 eingesetzt im Rahmen von Stoneman's Raid towards Macon /(Black, Robert W.: Ca­valry Raids of the Civil War, p. 181).

 

 

Biddle, George H.:

US-Col; 95th New Infantry; im Sommer 1863 war Col Biddle Regimentskommandeur 95th New York Infantry 2nd Brigade BrigGen Lysander *Cutler 1st Division BrigGen James S. *Wadsworth I Army Corps MajGen Abner *Doubleday, Meade's Army of the Poto­mac und nahm am Battle von Gettysburg teil; verwundet am 1.7.1863 in Gettysburg (Martin: Gettysburg, p. 105).

 

 

Biddle, James C.:

US-BrigGen; 11.12.1832 Philadelphia/Pa. - †+++; S.v. Edward R. Biddle and Eliza T. Davis (Powell: Officers of the Army, p. 16).

 

2.6.1861 1st-Lt. 10th New York Infantry; mustered out 31.8.1861; 5.8.1861 Captain 15th US-Infantry; 11.11.1862 Col 6th Indiana Ca­valry; mustered out USV 27.6.1865; anschließend in der Regular Army until Retirement in 1896 as Col 9th US-Cavalry; Bvt. BrigGen USV; brevets for Richmond/Ky., Nashville, war service. Commanded 2nd Division Cavalry Corps, Department of the Ohio; 1st Bri­gade Cavalry Division AXIII Corps; 2nd Brigade, 6th Division Cavalry Corps, Military Division of Mississippi (Boatner: Ci­vil War Dictionary, p. 63).

 

Col Biddle; eingesetzt mit Teilen der 71st Indiana Infantry am 8.7.1863 zur Abwehr von John Hunt Morgans's Raid nach Ohio zur Verhinderung des Übersetzens von Morgan's Division über den Ohio River bei *Brandenburg / Kentucky. Biddle befand sich mit ei­nem Teil seines Regiments auf dem Dampfer Grey Eagle, der begleitet vom Gunboat USS Elk von *Louisville aus nach Brandenburg fuhr. Dort gerieten die Schiffe unter Beschuß von Captain Edward P. *Byrnes Artillery und zogen sich ergebnislos nach Louisville zurück (Horwitz: Longest Raid, p. 49; auch Powell: Officers of the Army, p. 16).

 

Photo:

- Powell: Officers of the Army, p. 16

 

Documents/Literature:

- Biddle, James C.: Historical Society of Pennsylvania

 

 

Biddle, John H.:

US-Pvt, Co. C, 29th Regiment Indiana Infantry; Bibliothek Ref MilAmerik163andiana Infantry (National Park Soldiers M540 Roll 6).

 

 

Biddle, William B.:

US-Captain, Co. I, H, 87th Regiment Indiana Infantry (National Park Soldiers M540 Roll 6).

 

 

Biddle, William F.:

US-Stabsoffizier in McClellan's Army of the Potomac (Sears: Controversies & Commanders, p. 7).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Biddle, William F.: „Recollections of McClellan“, United Service Magazine (May 1894), S. 460-469

- **Biddle, William F.:M Papers; Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (aide to MajGen George B. McClellan)

 

 

Biekly, Sam:

CS-Pvt; Co C 13th Alabama Infantry (Pfanz: Gettysburg, p. 59).

 

 

Bieler, J. L.:

US-+++; 11th Indiana Infantry

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bieler, J. L.: Speech (Shiloh National Military Park, Shiloh / Tennessee, 11th Indiana File)

 

 

Bier, George Henry:

CS-Major and Ordnance Officer (National Park Soldiers M818 Roll 3). Im Herbst 1862 Chief of Ordnance in Stonewall Jackson Army Corps (Bohannon, Keith S.: „Dirty, Ragged and Ill-Provided for. Confederate Logistical Problems in the 1862 Maryland Cam­paign and Their Solutions; in: Gallagher, Gary W.: The Antietam Campaign, p. 103).

 

 

Bierce, Ambrose:

amerikanischer Journalist, 1842-1914 ? (verschwunden in Mexiko); Bierce trat als 18jähriger 3-Month-Service in das 9th Indiana In­fantry ein; Teilnahme am *Philippi Races; nach der Ausmusterung am Ende der dreimonatigen Verpflichtungszeit, trat Bierce bei der Reorganisation des Regiments erneut ein (3-Jahres-Service); Bierce wurde zum Sergeant und Sergeant-Major befördert; Teilnahme an der Schlacht von Shiloh; Beförderung zum Leutnant; Schlacht von Stone River; Februar 1863 Beförderung zum Oberleutnant; Versetzung in den Divisionsstab der Brigade Hazen (Division Nelson, Buell’s Army of the Ohio) als Topographical Engineer; Battle of Chickamauga; Belagerung von Chattanooga und Battle of Missionary Ridge; Bierce war an der Erstürmung persönlich beteiligt; 1964 Teilnahme an Sherman’s Stoß auf Atlanta als Topographical Officer in der Brigade Howard; in der Schlacht von Kenesaw Mountain, erlitt Bierce eine schwere Kopfverletzung durch die Kugel eines Scharfschützen; nach seiner Genesung im Herbst 1864 im Stab von General Beatty als Topographical Officer; nach Ablauf des 3-Jahres-Service am 16.1.1865 ausgemustert; in der Nachkriegs­zeit Journalist in USA und England; ab 1875 als Journalist und Kritiker im Westen der USA wurde „ a Kind of Western literary Mon­arch“;

 

After the war Bierce went to California and became a journalist, contributing satirical paragraphs and verse to west coast periodicals. He married in 1871 and went the next year to England where he worked on the staff of „Fun.“ He found companionship in a small company of wits, which included George Augustus Sala and W. S. Gilbert. In four years he returned to California and continued to practice journalism, primarily as a critic and satirist, becoming a kind of Western literary monarch. Eastern publishers, however, were not enthusiastic over his work. „Killed at Resaca“ and „An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge,“ two of his finest stories, were rejected because of their grimness. His first book of stories, „Tales of Soldiers and Civilians,“ was published in 1892 at the expense of a ge­nerous merchant, L. L. G. Steele. („It is not the least pleasing of my reflections,“ he wrote, „that my friends have always liked my work - or me - well enough to publish my works at their expense.“)

 

Bierce went to Washington in 1895 as a correspondent for Hearst’s „New York American.“ Life for him had not become more plea­sant with the passage of years. He and his wife had separated. One of his sons, Day, had been murdered in a sordid scrape. In Wa­shington his life was lonely. For some reason, probably from choice, he made few friends there among other writers and journalists. It is said that his only intimates were war veterans. But despite the somberness and cynicism of his life and writings he seemed to harbor little personal animosity. One acquaintance described him as „the serenest of stoics.“ But death, as always, was much on his mind. His second son, Leigh, died at the start of a promising career. Mencken met Bierce at the funeral of Percival Pollard. He „told me some curious anecdotes on the way to the crematory,“ Mencken reported, „chiefly of morgues, dissecting-rooms and lonely church-yards: he was the most gruesome of men.“

 

In the fall of 1913 he announced his intention to visit Mexico. He was setting out, he said, ‘`with a pretty definite purpose, which, ho­wever, is not at present disclosable.“ First off, he went to Chattanooga. There he began a walking tour of the battlefields upon which he had fought a half century before. Still a proud, erect man for his seventyone years, Bierce climbed Missionary Ridge, and under a hot autumn sun trudged fifteen miles over the battlefield of Chickamauga. Then he went to Murfreesboro, to Franklin and Nashville. At Shiloh he found the graves of comrades of the Ninth Indiana who had fallen on the April day long ago.

 

Late in the year he arrived at New Orleans. After a brief stay there, he crossed the border into Mexico and disappeared forever. His last letter was dated December 26, 1913. One of the more plausible conjectures is that he was accidentally slain, in January, 1914, du­ring Villa’s siege of Ojinaga. If this is true, one of Ambrose Bierce’s most persistent desires was realized (McCann, p. IX-X).

 

Bierce veröffentlichte (unklugerweise; McCann, ) ein zwölfbändiges Kompendium seiner Werke unter dem Titel „Collected Works“; als Literat ist Bierce unbedeutend und heute vergessen; seine Kriegsberichte sind episodenhaft und dramatisch, die unper­sönlichen Teile sind historisch akkurat; um die Dramatik zu erhöhen, erzählt er teilweise in „Ich-Form“ die Erlebnisse anderer Perso­nen, wobei er gnadenlos freimütig und offen in seinen Schilderungen bleibt.

 

Documents/Literature:

- **McCann, William (ed.): Ambrose Bierce’s Civil War, Random House, New Jersey 1996

 

 

Biffle, Jacob B.:

CS-Col; 1863 Col 9th Tennessee Cavalry, Forrest's Cavalry Brigade (as Col not mentioned in National Park Soldiers; Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, p. 64; Jordan / Pryor: For­rest, p. 692); Teilnahme am Battle of Thompson's Station am 5.3.1863 (Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, p. 64). At first Jacob B. Biffle was Captain, Co. B, 2nd Battalion, Tennessee Cavalry (Biffle's) (National Park Soldiers M231 Roll 4).

 

 

Bigelow, Edwin B.:

US-Captain; at first First Sergeant; Co. B, 5th Regiment Michigan Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M545 Roll 4); later Captain Co. K, 1st Regi­ment United States Colored Heavy Artillery (National Park Soldiers M589 Roll 7).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Klement, Frank L. (ed.): „Edwin B. Bigelow: A Michigan Sergeant in the civil War;“ Michigan History, 38 (Sept. 1954)

 

 

Bigelow, John:

US-Journalist; Mitinhaber der New York Evening Post (Andrews: The North reports the Civil War, p. 12); Bigelow ver­kaufte 1860 seinen Anteil und ging in Ruhestand, auf dem Weg der reichste Poet Amerikas zu werden (Andrews: The North re­ports the Civil War, p. 12; Nevins, Emergence of Lincoln, vol. I, p. 181)

 

 

Bigelow, John:

US-Captain, 9th Massachusetts Artillery (Bigelow's Battery).

 

Enlisted as a private, April 24, 1861, in the 2nd Mass. Battery. Elected Second Lieutenant, May 15, 1861. Served in Baltimore and Eastern Virginia in Autumn, 1861. December 16, 1861 Appointed Adjutant of the 1st Maryland Battalion. Served in Peninsular Cam­paign; left arm shattered at Malvern Hill. Rejoined army in autumn; with Burnside at Fredericksburg. Contracted malaria and retur­ned to Mass. Appointed Captain of the 9th Mass. Light Battery by Mass. Governor Andrew and arrived at Camp Barry on Februa­ry 28, 1863. July 2, 1863 wounded in the hand and side at the Trostle Farm Gettysburg, PA. August 18, 1863 - returned to command at Mine Run. January 23, 1864 returns home on sick leave, not fully recovered from Gettysburg wounds. February 12, 1864, returns to command at Brandy Station. July 13, 1864, near Petersburg, goes to rear on sick leave. August 11, 1864, returns to Mass. on sick lea­ve. December 12,1864, returns to battery at Sussex Court House January 19, 1865, discharged as Major; goes home as Brevet Ma­jor. January 1915, Applies for Pension (http://bigelowsociety.com/Captain_John_Bigelow.html).

 

Photos:

- Bigelow's Battery: Dead Horses at the Trostle Farm, Gettysburg Juli 1863: Thomas, Dean S.: Cannons, p. 4

- Captain John Bigelow (National Archives, Washington, DC)

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Baker, Levi Wood: History of the Ninth Massachusetts Battery (Bigelow's Battery) (Lakeview Press, Framingham 1888) (PDF-Datei in Archiv Ref, Dokumente ameridownload)

- **Bigelow, John (9th Mass Artillery): The Peach Orchard, Gettysburg, 2. Juli 1863 (Minneapolis 1910) (PDF-Datei in Archiv Ref, Dokumente ameridownload)

 

 

Bigelow, John A.:

US-Bugler; 5th Regiment Michigan Cavalry (Wittenberg: Protecting the Flank Gettysburg. The Battles of Brinkerhoff's Ridge and East Cavalry Field, July 2-3, 1863, p. 73, 78)

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bigelow, John A.: „Draw Saber, Charge!“ The National Tribune, 27.5.1866

 

 

Bigger, J. A.

CS-Pvt; Co. A, 2nd Regiment Mississippi Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M232 Roll 3; original filed under John Biggers).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bigger, J. A.: Diary (Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Jackson)

 

 

Bigler, William:

US-Politiker; aus Pennsylvania; Democratic Party; US-Senator (Nevins, Allan: The Emergence of Lincoln, vol. I, p. 130). Bigler war eine Freund von Präsident Buchanan. Bigler vertrat in der Kansas-Frage anfangs die Freeport-Doktrin und die Doktrin von der 'Popu­lar Sovereignity' von Stevens A. Douglas, daß die Einwohner des Territoriums über die Frage der Sklavenhaltung ent­scheiden sollten, in der Annahme, daß sie sich letztendlich gegen die Sklaverei entscheiden würden (Nevins, p. 142).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Bigler, William: Manuscripts, Pennsylvania Historical Society, Philadelphia

 

 

Billings, John D.:

US-Pvt; 10th Independent Battery Massachusetts Light Artillery (National Park Soldiers M544 Roll 3).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Billings, John D. (10th Mass Artillery): Hard Tack And Coffee (Boston 1888); A scarce title that provides incredibly accurate in­sight into the camplife of the Civil War soldier. Nevins says "The best source for the army life and feelings of a Federal soldier; this delightfully written and humerously illustrated work has rightfully become a classic."

- **Billings, John D.: The History of the 10th Massachusetts Battery of Light Artillery in the War of the Rebellion, 1862-1865 (But­ternut and Blue); Reprint of 1881 title; 496 pp; Maps; 26 Portraits; Roster; Index. Based on the authors diary and letter collection. Ne­vins says of this "Among the top dozen unit histories pertaining to the Civil War."

 

 

Billingsley, Martin T.:

CS-Captain; Co G 4th Alabama Infantry; gefallen im Battle of Chickamauga 19.9.-20.9.1863

 

 

Binford, George C.:

CS-Captain; 18th Tennessee Infantry. Die 18th Tennessee Infantry gehörte während der Atlanta Campaign ab März 1864 zum Corps von LtGen John Bell Hood in Joseph E. Johnston’s Army of Tennessee bei Dalton (Castel: Decision in the West, p. 58).

 

zunächst Pvt, Co, zuletzt Quartermaster Sergeant, Co. F&S, 18th Regiment Tennessee Infantry (National Park Soldiers M231 Roll 4).

 

Documents/Literature:

- Binford, George C.: Letters (Virginia Historical Society, Richmond)

 

 

Binford, J. M.:

CS-Sergeant; Co. C, 23rd Regiment Virginia Infantry (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 5).

 

 

Binford, James R.:

CS-LtCol; Co. F&S, 15th Regiment Mississippi Infantry (National Park Soldiers M232 Roll 3). 1893 war Col Binford eines Committee zur Er­richtung eines Denkmals für Jefferson Davis (Confederate Veteran, vol. 1 (1893), S. 10).

 

 

Bingham, Daniel G.:

US-Col; 64th Regiment New York Infantry (National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 11).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bingham, Daniel: „From the 64th New York.“ The Cattaraugus Freeman, July 30, 1863

 

 

Bingham, Harris:

CS-Pvt; Co. D, 36th Regiment Alabama Infantry (National Park Soldiers M374 Roll 4).

 

 

Bingham, Judson David:

US-BrigGen; 16.5.1831 Massena / NY - † 17.11.1909 Philadelphia/PA; beerd. USMA West Point/NY; an 1854 graduate of the Uni­ted States Military Academy at West Point, New York, he was serving as a 1st Lieutenant in the 2nd United States Regular Artillery when the Civil War broke out. His skills in administrative duties were then noticed by superiors, and he was promoted up to Colonel in the Quartermaster's Department. He served first as Chief Quartermaster of the XVII Corps in the Army of the Tennessee, then as Chief Quartermaster of the Army itself. He was brevetted Brigadier General, US Regular Army on April 9, 1865 for "faithful and me­ritorious services in the field during the war". He remained in the Regular Army after the war, and retired at his Colonel's rank in 1895 (http://www.findagrave.com).

 

°° mit Marguerite Gonzalez Bingham (1837 – 1912) (http://www.findagrave.com).

 

Photo:

Judson David Bingham (http://www.findagrave.com)

 

Documents/Literature:

- Boatner: Civil War Dictionary, p. 64

- **Larkin, Lew: Bingham. Fighting Artist (St. Louis, 1955)

 

 

Bingham, Origen G.:

US-1stLt; Co. I&F, 137th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 9).

 

 

Bingham, Robert:

CS-Captain; Co. G, 44th North Carolina Infantry Regiment (National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 3); 5.9.1838 Hillsborough/NC - † 9.5.May 1927 Asheville/NC: Enlisted March 8, 1862 ( Wilson: Pettigrew and his Men, p. 47; http://www.findagrave.com).

 

As a prisoner, he was at Norfolk, Va., Fort Delaware, Johnson's Island, Ohio, and Point Lookout, Md. Gradua­ted the University of North Carolina in 1857; MA degree in 1860. A strong supporter of education, he taught school, was a lecturer & served on several boards. He eventually became sole owner of the Bingham School. Practiced law. Was a member of the North Carolina General As­sembly and served as Speaker of the House in 1903. He was a Mason. He followed the family in the Pres­byterian faith (http://www.findagra­ve.com, Abruf vom 14.10.2016).

 

Sohn von  William James Bingham (1802 – 1886) und  Eliza Alves Norwood Bingham (1798 – 1883); °° I mit Delphine Louise Worth (1843-1886), daughter of John Milton Worth; aus der Ehe stammen 5 Kinder: James Worth Bingham, Mary Kerr Bingham, Sa­die Alves Bingham, William Bingham und Robert Worth Bingham. °° II mit Elvira Woodward, the daughter of Reverend B. F. Woodward (http://www.findagrave.com, Abruf vom 14.10.2016).

 

Photo:

Captain Bingham um 1919 (aus Connor u.a.: History of North Carolina, p. 184)

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bingham, Robert: Papers. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, The Southern Historical Collection, Nr. 03731-z: Robert Bing­ham (1838-1927) of Hillsborough, N.C., was a captain in the 44th North Carolina Regiment, Confederate States of America. The col­lection includes two volumes of a diary Bingham kept, 1863-1864, while he was a prisoner at Norfolk, Va., Fort Delaware, John­son's Island, Ohio, and Point Lookout, Md.; and a letter, 14 March 1923, from him to his granddaughter, Henrietta Bingham, descri­bing his Civil War experiences in Virginia, his capture, and his imprisonment. The diary, marked "intended only for my wife," re­cords thoughts Bingham hesitated to put into letters to his wife. The diary describes prison life, including quarters, gambling, work, escape plots, sermons, food, illness, and hospitals at various prison camps. Included are descriptions of the trip from Johnson's Island to Point Lookout; of Bingham's work making chairs and gold and silver rings, needles, and buttons; of his exchange of books with other inmates and guards; and of rumors, including rumors of cessation of prison exchanges, return of North Carolina to the Union, and Confederate privates signing oaths of allegiance.

 

 

Bircher, William:

US-Musician; Co. K, 2nd Regiment Minnesota Infantry (National Park Soldiers M546 Roll 1).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bircher, William (2nd Minnesota): A Drummer-Boy's Diary, Comprising Four Years of Service with the Second Regiment Min­nesota Veteran Volunteers, 1861 to 1865 (St Paul / Minnesota: Acme Press, 1889; reprint North Star, edited by Newell L. Ches­ter)

 

 

Birchmeyer, Paul:

US-1stLt; Co. H, 3rd Regiment New York Light Artillery; at first 2ndLt Co. F (National Park SoldiersM551 Roll 11).

 

6.2.1829 Wurenlingen, Bezirk Baden, Aargau, Schweiz - † 29.5.1882 (age 53) Syracuse, Onondaga County, New York, buried Ass­umption Cemetery and Mausoleum, Syracuse; ∞ Anna Maria Weiland (1825 Germany - † 14.2.1908 Syracuse) (www.findagrave.com, Abruf v. 12.4.2018).

 

Birchmeyer had enlisted as a lieutenant during the fall of 1861 in the 3rd New York Light Artillery. Assigned to the siege of Battery Wagner, Birchmeyer's gunner participated in the reduction of that installation. They then moved to another position to take part in the bombardment of Fort Sumter. A pair of 200-pounder Parrotts were emplaced on mounds of sand only twenty feet behind Birch­meyer's new post; at their first discharge, the concussion knocked Birchmeyer to the ground. He had to be carried to the rear, and hence­forth he complained of deafness and pain in his side. In fact, his left eardrum had been ruptured, and his right was soon thereaf­ter damaged by the firing of siege guns. He transferred to Battery H and commanded that unit in Virginia during 1864, incurring the reprimand of a court-martial for allowing his men to sleep without proper pickets in the lines before Petersburg. He left the service during January 1865, still complaining of deafness and pain in his head and ears as well as of congestion and other persistent sym­ptoms of malaria contracted during his service in the Carolinas (McCaslin, Richard B.: Portraits of a Conflict: A Photographic History of South Carolina in the Civil War, University of Arkansas Press, 1995, p. 22 with photo of Lt. Birchmeyer's Battery F, preparing to fire their 12-punder Wiard smoothbore guns; Photo also: Thomas, Cannons, p. 58).

 

 

Bird, Edgeworth:

CS-+++; 3rd Regiment Georgia Infantry (University of Georgia Libraries, Manuscript Collection; Anm.: bei National Park Soldiers not mentioned).

 

Bird joined the Athens Guards of the 3rd Georgia and went on to serve under Toombs and Longstreet. His letters provide incredible insight into the days when Georgia's troops left to fight in Virginia and the events through and followi­ng the war (Bird, Ed­geworth The Granite Farm Letters: The Civil War Correspondence of Edgeworth and Sallie Bird (Univ of Georgia: Athens 1988).

 

Bird (1825-1867) was a planter of Hancock County/Ga.; °° Sallie C. Baxter (1828-1910); father of Wilson Edgeworth and Saida B. Edgeworth (°° Victor Smith) (University of Georgia Libraries, Manuscript Collection).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bird, Edgeworth: Family Papers, Hargrett Rare Books and Manuscript Library, University of Georgia Libraries, Manuscript Col­lections, Athens/Ga.

- **Bird, Edgeworth The Granite Farm Letters: The Civil War Correspondence of Edgeworth and Sallie Bird (Univ of Georgia: Athens 1988); Edited by John Rozier. Bird joined the Athens Guards of the 3rd Georgia and went on to serve under Toombs and Longstreet. These letters provide incredible insight into the days when Georgia's troops left to fight in Virginia and the events through and follo­wing the war.

 

 

Bird, Hite:

CS-Pvt; Co D, 23rd Regiment Virginia Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M382 Roll 5).

 

Photo:

- Bird, Hite, Pvt. Virginia Regiment, C.S.A (Photo Library of the Congress LC-B8184-10028)

 

 

Bird, Joseph:

US-Captain, 7th Wisconsin Infantry (Iron Brigade); Gaff, Alan D. u. Gaff, Maureen: The dread reality of war - Gibbon’s Briga­de, Au­gust 28- September 17, 1862; in Nolan, Alan T. and Vipond, Sharon Eggleston (Hrsg.): Giants in their tall Black Hats - Essays on the Iron Brigade, Bloomington/Indiana 1998, Bibliothek Ref MilAmerik5, S. 68; Wisconsin State Journal v. 7.12.1863.

 

 

Bird, William H.:

CS-Corporal; Co C, 13th Regiment Alabama Infantry (National Park Soldiers M374 Roll 4).

 

Im Sommer 1863 gehörte die 13th Alabama Infantry zur 3rd Brigade BrigGen James J. *Ar­cher, 2nd Division MajGen Henry Heth III Army Corps LtGen Ambrose A. Hill Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia (Pfanz: Gettys­burg, p. 463). Das Battalion war am 1.7.1863 beteiligt beim Vormarsch von Heth’s Division von Cashville nach Gettysburg (Martin: Gettysburg, p. 59, 68).

 

Literatur;

- **Bird, W. H.: Stories of the Civil War, Company C, 13th Regiment of Alabama Volunteers (Columbia / Alabama: Advocate Print, n.d.)

 

 

Birge, Henry W.:

US-++General; Wallace erwähnt Birge's Sharpshooters bei den Kämpfen um Fort Donelson (Wallace, Lew: The Capture of Fort Do­nelson, in: Battles and Leaders Vol. I S. 407); Birge's Regiment Western Sharpshooters (14th Missouri Infantry [ Grant: The Oppo­sing Forces at Shiloh, in: B&L I 537], später Teil der 66th Illinois Infantry; Hicken: Illinois in the Civil War, p. 34)

 

 

Birney, David Bell:

US-MajGen; ab Februar 1862 Brigadekommandeur 2nd Brigade Heintzelman's Division Army of the Potomac, als Nachfolger von Gen John *Sedgwick, der Divisionskommandeur geworden war. Die Brigade lag in einem Camp auf der Frobel Farm in Alexandria zwischen der Old Fairfax Road und dem Leesburg Turnpike (Frobel: Diary, p. 59 ff, 78).

 

At Seven Pines BrigGen Birney was wrongfully relieved as Brigade commander (and Col J. Henry Howard Ward received command of the brigade) for disobeying an order (Tagg: Generals at Gettysburg, p. 70).

 

1863 Divisionskommandeur 1st Division III Army Corps Daniel E. Sickles Army of the Potomac. Im Battle of Gettys­burg löste Bir­ney am 2.7.1863 nach der Verwundung von Corps-Kommandeur Sickles diese ab und übernahm das Kommando über das III Army Corps.

 

Im Battle of the Wilderness war MajGen Birney unter Winfield Scott *Hancock als Divisionskommandeur am linken US-Flügel ein­gesetzt.

 

Photo:

- Pfanz: Gettysburg Second Day, p. 56

- MajGen David G. Birney (Mathew Brady - Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division)

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Davis, Oliver L.: Life of David Bell Birney: Major General United States Volunteers (Philadelphia: King and Baird Publishing, 1867)

- Birney, David B.: US Army Heritage & Education Center

 

 

Birney, James Gillespie:

Abolitionist; James Gillespie Birney (February 4, 1792 – November 25, 1857) was an abolitionist, politician and jurist born in Danville, Kentucky. From 1816 to 1818, he served in the Kentucky House of Representatives. In 1836, he started his abolitionist weekly publication in Cincinnati, Ohio titled The Philanthropist. He was twice a US Presidential candidate for the anti-slavery Liberty Party (wikipedia, Stichwort James Gillespie Birney; Abruf v. 30.3.2017).

 

Literatur:

- **Birney, James G.: Papers, William I. Clements Library, University of Michigan, Ann Harbor/Mich

- **Owsley, Frank L., review of Dwight L. Dumond (ed.): Letters of James Gillespie Birney, 1831-1857; in: The Journal of Southern History, v, 263 (May 1939)

 

 

Birney, William:

US-MajGen; Divisionskommandeur 3rd Army Corps Sickles Army of the Potomac während der Schlacht von Gettysburg

 

 

Bishop, Daniel K.:

US-Pvt; Co. K, 4th Regiment Minnesota Infantry (National Park Soldiers M546 Roll 1).

 

 

Bishop, Edward P.:

US-First Lieutenant, Co. K,A,I, 19th Regiment Massachusetts Infantry (National Park Soldiers M544 Roll 18; Waitt, Ernest L.: His­tory of the Nineteenth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, 18).

 

 

Bishop, George H.:

US-Pvt; Co. K, 5th Regiment Minnesota Infantry (National Park Soldiers M546 Roll 1).

 

 

Bishop, George W.:

US-Sergeant; Co. F, 4th Regiment Minnesota Infantry; er trat als Pvt in das Regiment ein (National Park Soldiers M546 Roll 1).

 

 

Bishop, John F.:

US-1stLt; Co. B, 5th Regiment Minnesota Infantry (National Park Soldiers M546 Roll 1).

 

 

Bishop, Judson W.:

US-Col; Co. A, 2nd Regiment Minnesota Infantry; er trat als Captain Co. A in das Regiment ein (National Park Soldiers M546 Roll 1; Nosworthy: Bloody Crucible, p. 232, 251).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Bishop, Judson W.: The Story of a Regiment, Beeing a Narrative of the Service of the Second Minnesota Veteran Volunteer In­fantry (St. Paul / Minnesota, 1890)

 

 

Bishop, Norval:

US-Musician; Co. H, 5th Regiment Minnesota Infantry (National Park Soldiers M546 Roll 1).

 

 

Bishop, Thomas J.:

US-Pvt; Co. K, 4th Regiment Minnesota Infantry (National Park Soldiers M546 Roll 1).