Version 25.7.2017

 

 

Litera H (Ho)

 

 

Hobart, Edwin L.:

US-Corporal; Co. D, 28th Regiment Illinois Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M 539 Roll 41; vgl. Daniel: Shiloh, a.a.O., S. 76 mit S. 337n56).

 

Documents/Literature::

- **Hobart, Edwin L.: Semi-History of a Boy-Veteran of the Twenty-Eighth Regiment Illinois Volunteers, in a Black Regiment (Denver 1909)

- **Hobart, Edwin L.: The Truth About Shiloh; A Compilation of Facts and Figures - An Analysis Reducing to a Percentage Basis All Losses in Every Command Engaged at Shiloh. Comparison of Losses in That Battle With Other Battles of the Civil War, and Other Wars, and a Complete Exposé of Numbers of Men Engaged on Both Sides,and How Such Numbers are Made Up, In Union and Confederate Armies. Denver, 1909 (Springfield / Ill. 1909)

 

 

Hobbs, Charles Albert:

US-+++; 99th Illinois Infantry

 

- Hobbs, Charles Albert (99th Illinois): Vicksburg. A Poem (Fairbanks: Chicago, 1880); 299 pp, with Illustrations

 

 

Hobbs, Dr. Wilson:

US-Surgeon; geboren in Salem / Indiana - 24.7.1892 Annapolis I Parke County / Indiana; als Vollwaise bei seinem Onkel in Carthage / Rush County / Indiana aufgewachsen; Schulbesuch an der Boarding School in Mount Pleasant / Ohio, wo er sich das Schulgeld und den Lebensunterhalt durch Holzhacken verdiente. Lehrer seit 1842; Heirat 1846; Medizinstudium von 1848-1850; Dr. med.; anschlie­ßend Lehrer und Arzt an der Shawnee Mission in Kansas; 1853 zog er nach Indiana, wo er eine Arztpraxis eröffnete; ab 4.9.1862 Sur­geon der 85th Indiana Infantry, Coburn's Brigade (vgl. Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, a.a.O., S. 399); Hobb's Bericht über das Williams / Peter-Ereignis erschien auf der Titelseite von Harper's Weekly am 4.7.1863.

 

Photo:

- Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, a.a.O., S. 16

 

Documents/Literature::

- Hobbs, Dr. Wilson: Letter, veröffentlicht in Harper's Weekly vom 4.7.1863 (zur Exekution von CS-Col und Spion Lawrence Orton *Williams)

- Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, a.a.O., S. 8, 16, 21, 22, 48, 61, 104, 154, 162, 265, 279, 361, 387, 399,

 

 

Hobgood, James Simeon:

CS-Pvt (?); 1836-1911; Co K 55th North Carolina Infantry

 

Documents/Literature::

- Neathery, J. Marshall: Genealogy, 1996 (Virginia Tech, Univ. Libraries, Special Collections: Civil War guide. Manuscript Sources for Civil War Research in the Special Collections Department of the Virginia Tech Libraries Ms 96-002).

 

 

Hoblitzel, William T.:

US-LtCol; 5th Kentucky Cavalry; Im Juni 1863 war Hoblitzel Mitglied des Kriegsgerichts gegen CS-Col William Orton *Williams (Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, a.a.O., S. 116).

 

 

Hobson, Edward Henry:

US-BrigGen; er leitete im Juli 1863 als Commander 2nd Division XXIII Corps (Judah's), stationiert in Cincinnati, die Jagd nach Morgan's Raiders während Thomas Hunt Morgan's Raid nach Kentucky, Indiana und Ohio (vgl. Horwitz: The Longest Raid, a.a.O., S. 16, 33, 34, 38). Bei Morgan's unerwarteter Überquerung des von Hochwasser angeschwollenen Cumberland River befand sich Hobson und *Judah in *Marrowbone, Kentucky, 12 Meilen nördlich des Flusses. Beide waren von Morgan's Vorgehen völlig über­rascht (vgl. Horwitz, a.a.O., S. 20). Hobson führte persönlich bei der Verfolgung von Morgan eine Truppe bestehend aus 9th Ken­tucky Cavalry (US) und 12th Kentucky Cavalry (US) (vgl. Horwitz, Longest Raid, a.a.O., S. 33).

 

 

Hockersmith, Lorenzo Dow:

CS-Captain; 1stLt (Pvt), Co. C 10th Regiment Kentucky Cavalry (Johnson's) (National Park Soldiers M377 Roll 6); later Captain, Co. C, 10th Regiment Kentucky Cavalry (Johnson's) (Ramage: Rebel Raiders, p. 190, 191-192, 194, 195), 2nd Brigade Adam R. *Johnson, John Hunt Morgan's Cavalry Division, Bragg's Army of Tennessee. Teilnahme an Morgan's Raid nach Kentucky und Ohio im Juli 1863 (Ramage: Rebel Raiders, p. 190, 191-192, 194, 195).

 

Documents/Literature::

- **Hockersmith, L. D.: Morgan's Escape: A True History of the Raid of General Morgan and His Men Through Kentucky, Indiana and Ohio (Madisonville, Kentucky: Glenn's Graphic Printing Co., 1903)

- Horwitz: Longest Raid, a.a.O., S. 20

 

 

Hodde, F. (D):

CS-Pvt; Co. D, 37th Regiment Texas Cavalry (Terrell's) (vgl. National Park Soldiers M227 Roll 17; dort fehlt die Angabe der Co.; dagegen heißt es bei Kamphoefner/Hel­bich: German in the Civil War, a.a.O., S. 453 n10: „A German in [Louis] *Lehmann's company“).

 

Geb. um 1842 aus Preußen, war an unmarried farmhand (vgl. Kamphoefner/Helbich: German in the Civil War, a.a.O., S. 453 n10).

 

Es dürfte sich um Friedrich J. W. Hodde handeln; 9.11.1841 Germany - † 4.12.1905 Washington County; beerd. Prairie Hill Church, Prairie Hill, Washington County/Texas; S. der Sophie Louise Kurre Hodde (1813-1879); Bruder von Wilhelm Hodde (1843-1904); °° Louise C. Winkelmann Hodde (1834-1912) (vgl. www.findagrave.com, Abruf 9.6.2016). Die Annahme gründet sich darauf, daß es sich bei Hodde um einen Bekannten von Pvt Louis *Lehmann Co. (D), 37th Regiment Texas Cavalry (Terrell's) handelte, weshalb Lehmann ihn in einem Brief an seine Frau, die Hodde ebenfalls gekannt haben muß, erwähnt. Lehmann stammte wie Hodde aus dem Washington County/Texas (Brief von Louis Lehmann an „Beloved Friederike“ vom 23.8.1863 [vgl. Kamphoefner/Helbich: German in the Civil War, a.a.O., S. 453]).

 

 

Hodges, Alpheus:

US-Corporal; Co F, 9th Regiment New York Cavalry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M551 Roll 65) bzw. 'Alphonse' (vgl. Martin: Gettysburg, a.a.O., S. 45); am 1.7.1863 eingesetzt auf Vorposten westlich von Gettysburg am Chambersburg Pike nahe Willoughby Run (vgl. Martin: Gettysburg, a.a.O., S. 64; vgl. Stackpole: They Met at Gettysburg, a.a.O., S. 123). Hodges gab die ersten US-Schüsse in der ganzen Schlacht von Gettysburg ab (vgl. Captain Newel Che­ney [9th New York Cavalry]: Bericht für die Gettysburg Monument Commission of New York; abgedruckt bei B&L, a.a.O. Vol. III, S. 274/75).

 

 

Hodgson, Irving:

CS-Captain; Co. 5, Washington Artillery Louisiana Artillery (vgl. National Park Soldiers M378 Roll 14).

 

Im Frühjahr 1862 und im Battle of Shiloh am 6.4.1862 gehörte die Washington Artillery (5th Co) unter Captain Irving Hodgson zur 2nd Brigade BrigGen James Patton *Anderson 1st Division BrigGen Daniel Rug­gles im II. Army Corps MajGen Braxton Bragg und war am Morgen des 6.4.1862 beim Angriff auf die 5th US-Division Sherman’s ca 800 yards südlich von Shiloh im CS-Artillerie­schwerpunkt neben Shoup’s Artillery eingesetzt (vgl. Daniel: Shiloh, a.a.O., S. 167).

 

 

Hofmann, J. William:

US-BrigGen; Col, Co. F&S, 56th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

Im Sommer 1863 war Col Hofmann Regimentskommandeur der 56th Pennsylvania Infantry 2nd Brigade BrigGen Lysander *Cutler 1st Division BrigGen James S. *Wadsworth I Army Corps MajGen Abner *Doubleday, Meade's Army of the Potomac und nahm mit 9 Kompanien am Battle von Gettysburg teil. Am 1.7.1863 gegen 10.30 eingesetzt im Rahmen von Cutler's Brigade nördlich des Bloody Railroad Gap an Seminary Ridge, wo es zum Zusammentreffen mit Connally's 55th North Carolina Infantry aus Davis Briga­de kam. Die 56th PA (nur mit 9 Co's [vgl. Pfanz: Gettysburg, a.a.O., S. 443]) hatte eine Stärke von lediglich 282 Mann und war der 55th North Carolina (640 Mann) unterlegen; die 56th PA eröffnete das Feuer auf zu große Entfer­nung und erlitt anschließend durch das Feuer der 55th NC schwere Verluste (vgl. Martin: Gettysburg, a.a.O., S. 107, 108).

 

 

Hoffmann, Louis:

US-Captain; Batteriechef 4th Independent Battery, Ohio Light Artillery (Four 6-pounder rifled guns and two 12-pounder howitzers)

 

Im Frühjahr 1862 gehörte die Battery als Teil der Divisionsartillerie zur 1st Division Peter J. Osterhaus in Samuel Ryan Curtis' Army of the South West. Besetzung von Springfield Missouri am 13.1.1862, Battle of Pea Ridge (vgl. Shea / Hess, Pea Ridge, a.a.O., S. 331).

 

 

Hoffman, William:

US-BrigGen; Hoffmann war der US-Army Commissary General of Prisoners (Potter, Sultana, a.a.O., S. 131, 146).

 

2.12.1807 New York - † 12.8.1884 Rock Island/Illinois, was a 19th-century officer in the United States Army. The West Point gradua­te was involved in the Black Hawk War, Se­minole Wars, Mexican-American War and the American Civil War. During the Civil War he served as the Commissary-General of Prisoners and set policy for the treatment and release of prisoners. William Hoffman, Jr. was born in New York. He was the son of Lieutenant Colonel William Hoffman, Sr., who fought in the War of 1812. He graduated from the United States Military Acade­my at West Point, New York and was commissioned a 2nd Lieutenant in the 6th infantry on July 1, 1829. He was a classmate of Ro­bert E. Lee (vgl. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hoffman_(United_States_ Army).

 

Hoffman's early military career was on the frontier. Between 1829 and 1836 he was stationed at either Jefferson Bar­racks in Missouri or Fort Leavenworth in Kansas. In 1832 he fought in the Black Hawk War. On November 16, 1936 he was promot­ed to 1st Lieutenant, 6th Infantry. Hoffman then moved south to Fort Jesup and Camp Sabine in Louisianabefore fighting in the Second Seminole War from 1837-1842. On February 1, 1838 he was promoted to Captain, 6th Infantry. In 1842 he served in the Recruiting Service before being posted at Fort Smith in Arkansas. In 1846 he mustered volunteers into the military before his engage­ment in the Mexican-American War (vgl. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hoffman_(United_States_Army).

 

During the war with Mexico between 1846 and 1847, Hoffman was engaged in the march through Chihuahua, the Siege of Vera Cruz, the Battle of Cerro Gordo, a skirmish at Amazoque, the Capture of San Antonio, the Battle of Contreras and the Battle of Churubusco, where he was wounded. On August 20, 1847 Hoffman was brevetted to Major for gallant and meritorious conduct in the Battles of Contreras and Churubusco. He was also involved in the Battle of Molino del Rey, the Battle of Chapultepec, and the As­sault and Capture of Mexico City. He was brevetted a Lieutenant Colonel on September 8, 1847 for his gallant and meritorious con­duct in the Battle of Molino del Rey. Between the war with Mexico and the Civil War Hoffman served on recruiting duty for two years before returning to the frontier. There he was garrisoned again at Fort Leavenworth and was promoted to Major, 5th Infantry, on April 15, 1851. He returned to Jefferson Barracks in 1852 and was transferred back to the 6th Infantry the same year. From 1852-1854 he was garrisoned at Newport Barracks in Kentucky. He returned to the frontier in 1854 with his posting at Fort Laramie in the Dakota Territory. He was involved in the Sioux Expedition of 1855, the Utah Expedition of 1858 and the March to California the same year. Hoffman relocated to California for frontier duty in the Mojave Country and Benicia, California. On October 17, 1860 he was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel, 8th Infantry, and was transferred to San Antonio, Texas (vgl. https://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/ William_Hoffman_(United_States_Army).

 

Hoffman was in San Antonio at the start of the American Civil War. He was taken as a prisoner of war by the Confederates when Brigadier General David E. Twiggs surrendered the Union command on February 18, 1861. On April 25, 1862 he was promo­ted to Colonel, 3rd Infantry, while still a POW, and was released in a prisoner exchange on August 27, 1862. He was reassigned to Washington, D.C where that year he became Commissary-General of Prisoners. The Office of the Commissary-General of Prisoners had been organized on October 7, 1861 under the Quarter Master General’s Department. It was made directly responsible to the Secretary of War on June 17, 1862, so when Hoffman took the position, he had access to the top of the military and political structure. On November 11, 1864 the office was divided into an Eastern and Western Branch. Hoffman, who had been in charge of the whole office up to that date, was placed in charge of the Eastern Branch. On February 1, 1865, it was restructured as a single unit, and Hoffman was placed in charge overall again (vgl. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hoffman_ (United_States_Army).

 

Over 104,000 Confederate soldiers deserted the army during the war, with a third of them surrendering to the Union army. In additi­on, the army captured thousands of soldiers, whom they held as POWs, transferring them away from the fronts to camps set up to house them. The two governments negotiated a prisoner exchange, which operated from 1862 and 1863 before it broke down for a variety of reasons. The Union was not prepared to handle the number of prisoners it took in and scrambled to set up facilities. On both sides, the prison camps were overcrowded, suffered food shortages and poor sanitation, and were plagued with infectious disea­se. In 1862 some of the Confederate POWs refused to be exchanged, saying they would not return to the South. Hoffman, working with President Abraham Lincoln and War Secretary Edwin Stanton, developed a procedure whereby Confederate POWs and deser­ters could swear allegiance to the Union to gain their release. Release requests from Union officials, Confederate soldiers, and Southern family members came to Hoffman’s office for review and evaluation. Hoffman believed deserters, because they had already renounced their military obligation to the Confederacy, provided an opportunity to “reconstruct” the rebel soldiers and undermine the Confederate war effort. Military field commanders could administer the oath of allegiance to deserters if they could verify their sto­ries and be assured they were not spies. He believed that POWs presented a problem, as they could return to their units or act as spies. They could only be released after Hoffman’s staff reviewed each case individually and the release was approved by Secretary of War Stanton. To encourage desertion, the Union started to offer incentives to Confederate soldiers, such as transportation home. Hoffman narrowed the conditions for Confederates to take the oath of allegiance, and the number of prisoners released decreased dra­matically (vgl. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hoffman_(United_States_Army).

 

On October 7, 1864 Hoffman was brevetted to Brigadier General for faithful and meritorious services during the Rebellion, and then brevetted to Major General on March 13, 1865, for faithful, meritorious and distinguished services as Commissary-General of Priso­ners during the Rebellion. He served in the post of Commissary-General until November 3, 1865 (vgl. https://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/William_Hoffman_(United_States_Army).

 

After the Civil War, Hoffman was placed in command of regiments at St. Louis, Missouri from 1865–1866 and Fort Leavenworth from 1866-1868. He was on leave from March 6, 1868 – April 26, 1869 when he became the Superintendent of the General Recrui­ting Service. He retired from the army on May 1, 1870 as a colonel. Hoffman retired to Rock Island, Illinois where he married his se­cond wife. He and his wife Mary started a school for girls there. Hoffman died in 1884 and was buried in Chippiannock Cemetery in Rock Island (vgl. https://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/William_Hoffman_(United_States_Army).

 

°° mit Mary C. Hoffman (1828-1895) (vgl. Grabstein-Inschrift; www.findagrave.com)

 

Photos:

- Potter, Sultana, a.a.O., S. 145

- BrigGen William Hoffman vgl. https://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/William_Hoffman_(United_States_Army).

 

 

Hoke, John Franklin:

CS-Col; 30.5.1820 Lincolnton/NC - † 27.10.1888 Lincolnton/NC (vgl. http://www.findagrave.com). Bei Ausbruch der Sezession in North Carolina wurde Col. John F. Hoke von der Landesregierung beauftragt, die Aufstellung North Carolina State Troops zu organi­sieren (vgl. Barret, John Gilchrist: North Carolina as a Civil War Battleground, a.a.O., S. 8).

 

Col. John Franklin Hoke graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1841; practiced law; uncle of MajGen Robert Frederick *Hoke; captain in Mexican War; served in several legislatures; appointed adjutant general to North Carolina in 1861 serving until the ten regiments of „State Troops“ and thirteen regiments of Volunteers“ were organized ans equipped.; July 1861 elected colonel of the Thirteenth (later Twenty-third) North Carolina volunteers; in 1864 elected colonel of the Seventy-third Regiment, Senior Reserves. The close of war found him guarding prisoners at Salisbury (vgl. Barret, John Gilchrist: North Carolina as a Civil War Battleground, a.a.O., S. 27).

 

Col. 1St (!) Regiment (richtig 73th !) of the North Carolina Senior Reserves, assigned to guarding prisoners and deserters. Attached to Salisbury Prison in NC, 1864 -1865 (vgl. http://www.findagrave.com).

 

 

Hoke, Robert Frederick:

CS-MajGen; 27.5.1837 Lincolnton / NC - † 3.7.1912 Lincolnton/NC; aus North Carolina; Absolvent des Ky. Mil. Inst.; anschließend tätig in den Fabriken der Familie; 1861 2nd Lt. 1st North Carolina Infantry, dann Major und LtCol 33rd North Carolina Infantry (vgl. Boatner, a.a.O., S. 404); im Battle of New Berne verstärkte Hoke mit mehreren Co's der 33rd North Carolina Infantry die Linie der rechts von der Eisenbahnlinie eingesetzten 26th North Carolina Infantry (vgl. Hess: Lee's Tar Heels, a.a.O., S. 13).

 

Im Battle of Cedar Mountain am 9.8.1862 als Col. Regimentskommandeur der 33rd North Carolina Infantry, Branch's Brigade, Light Division A. P. Hill (vgl. Battles and Leaders, Vol. II, a.a.O., S. 496; OR 12.2 S. 676; zu den Kämpfen von Hill's Division in Cedar Mountain vgl. Hassler: AP Hill, a.a.O., S. 78/79 und Freeman: Lee's Lieutenants, a.a.O., S. 296/97). Er kämpfte in einer Reihe von Schlachten von Hanover Court House bis 2nd Manassas und Antietam; August 1862 Col 21st North Carolina Infantry (vgl. Boatner, a.a.O., S. 404). Im Dezember 1862 Brigadekommandeur von Trimble's Brigade im Battle of Fredericksburg; (vgl. Boatner, a.a.O., S. 404; Hoke’s Report OR 21, 672). Schwer verwundet im Battle of Chancellorsville im Mai 1863, seine Brigade wurde des stellvertre­tend geführt im Battle of Gettysburg (1.-3.7.1863) durch den Col des 33rd North Carolina Infantry Regiment, Col Isaac E. *Avery.

 

Photo:

MajGen Robert Frederick Hoke (1862) (vgl. generalsandbrevets. Com)

 

Documents/Literature::

- Barefoot, Daniel W.: General Robert F Hoke: Lee's Modest Warrior. Wiston Salem, N.C.: John F. Blair 1996

 

 

Holcombe, James P.:

CS-Commissioner in Kanada; er war u.a. auch mit Geheimdienstaktivitäten des CS-Secret Service befaßt (vgl. Tidwell, April 65 Confederate Covert Action, a.a.O., S. 21); Holcombe nahm zusammen mit Horace *Greeley 1864 an einer 'peace conference' in Nia­gara Falls teil. Auf der Rückfahrt mit einem Blockadebrecher, der "CSS Condor", auf dem sich Rose O'Neal *Greenhow befand, kam die von US-Schiffen gejagte "CSS Condor" vor der Küste in einen Sturm, lief auf eine Felsen und sank vor der Küste bei Wilming­ton. Holcombe rettete sich zusammen mit Greenhow u.a. in ein Rettungsboot, das im Seegang umschlug. Greenhow ertrank, Hol­combe wurde Zeuge ihres Todes (vgl. Horan: Confederate Agent, a.a.O., S. xiii).

 

Prof. Holcombe traf sich mit Edward Ruffin in Richmond am 23.4.1861 (vgl. Ruffin Diary II 8).

 

 

Holcombe, Lucy:

Ehefrau von South Carolina Governor Pickens (Chestnut, Diary, S. 29)

 

 

Holden, William W.:

CS-Politiker, aus Raleigh / North Carolina; Herausgeber des 'Raleigh Standard'. 1864 ist Holden der prominenteste und einflußreichs­te Fürsprecher für einen Friedensschluß und des Anschlusses von North Carolina an die USA; Holden kandidierte bei den Wahlen in North Carolina im Frühjahr 1864 als Governor. Ein möglicher Wahlsieg stellte eine große Gefahr für die CSA dar, denn North Caroli­na stellte mehr Truppen und Vorräte für die CS-Army als andere Bundesstaaten, der Hafen von Wilmington ist der wichtigste Hafen der Blockade Runners. Ein Ausscheren von North Carolina unter einem Governor Holden hätte den Zusammenbruch der CSA bedeu­tet (vgl. Castel: Decision in the West, a.a.O., S. 23; vgl. Yearns/Harrett: North Carolina Civil War Documentary, a.a.O., S. 8).

 

William W. Holden, Unionist aus North Carolina; bei den Gouverneurswahlen von 1864 unternahm er eine Friedenskampagne, verlor jedoch die Wahlen; seine Bewegung wurde das Rückgrat des weißen Republikanismus im North Carolina der Nachkriegszeit (vgl. Foner: Reconstructi­on, a.a.O., S. 17).

 

Documents/Literature::

- **Folk, Edgar E. und Bynum Shaw: W. W. Holden: A Political Biography (Winston-Salem / North Carolina: John F. Blair, Publisher, 1982)

 

 

Holden, Wyman W.:

US-Pvt; Co B 2nd New Hampshire Infantry; im Battle of Gettysburg am 2.7.1863 eingesetzt am Wheatfield (vgl. Pfanz: Gettysburg, a.a.O., S. 326, 361).

 

Documents/Literature::

- Holden, Wyman W.: "Gettysburg: An Infantryman Confirms Captain Hart's Story." National Tribune, 26 March 1891

 

 

Holford, Lyman C.:

US-Pvt; Co. C, 6th Regiment Wisconsin Infantry (vgl. Priest: Battle of South Mountain, a.a.O., S. 107; vgl. National Park Soldiers M559 Roll 14, hier als 'Lyman D. Holford' benannt).

 

Urkunden/Documents/Literature::

- Holford, Lyman C.: Diary. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress

 

 

Holland, Charles:

US-Sergeant; Co. K, 5th Regiment Pennsylvania Reserve Infantry (34th Volunteers) (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, Edwin D.:

US-Pvt; Co. B, 7th Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry (80th Volunteers) (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, Frederick:

US-Pvt; Co. B, 15th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, George:

US-Pvt; Co. D, 114th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, Henry:

US-Sergeant; Co. H, 139th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, Henry:

US-Pvt; Co. A, 213th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, Henry:

US-Pvt; Co. A, 11th Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, Hugh:

US-Pvt; Co. I, 69th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, John:

US-Pvt; Co. B, 97th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, John:

US-Pvt; Co. H, 100th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, John:

US-Pvt; Co. B, 115th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, Michael:

US-Pvt; Co. I, 104th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, Michael:

US-Pvt; Co. ?, 4th Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, Orlando S.:

CS-Col; Regimentskommandeur 37th Mississippi Infantry

 

 

Holland, Patrick:

US-Drum Major; Co. F&S, 17th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (3 months, 1861) (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, Patrick:

US-Pvt; Co. ?, 58th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, Patrick F.:

US-2ndLt; Co. G&F, 110th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, Peter:

US-Pvt; Co. D, 11th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55); s. auch 90th Pennsylvania Infantry

 

 

Holland, Philip:

US-Pvt; Co. B, 3rd Regiment, Pennsylvania Provisional Cavalry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55); s. auch 18th Pennsylvania Cavalry

 

 

Holland, Philip:

US-Pvt; Co. B, 18th Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, Richard:

US-Pvt; Co. C, 105th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Holland, Springer:

US-Pvt, Co. F, 188th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 15).

 

 

Holland, William:

US-Pvt, Co. H, 78th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 15).

 

 

Holland, William:

US-Pvt, Co. E, 16th Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 15); auch 8th Regiment Pennsylvania Cavalry

 

 

Holland, William H.:

US-Pvt, Co. ?, 3rd Regiment Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 15)

 

 

Hollands, George:

US-Lt; Co. B, 101st Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 55).

 

 

Hollester, Hiram W.:

US-Pvt; Co. B, 96th Regiment Illinois Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 42); auch 'Hollister' (vgl. Roster Co. B, 96th Illinois Infantry: http://civilwar.illinoisgenweb.org/r100/096-b-in.html).

 

Mustered in 5.9.1862 Wauconda - † 25.11.1862 Lexington/Kentucky (vgl. Roster Co. B, 96th Illinois Infantry: http://civilwar.­illinois­genweb.­org/r100/096-b-in.html); beerd. Lexington National Cemetery, Lexington/Kentucky (vgl. findagrave.com, Abruf vom 26.6.2016, ohne weitere Angaben zum Truppenteil).

 

 

Holliday, J. Duncan:

was an original member of the Second National Guard Company, St. Louis/MO, Missouri Volunteer Militia. He was captured at Fort Jackson, exchanged in November 1 W. M. 861 and took the steamer „Iatan“ south in December 1861 (vgl. vgl. Banasik, Michel E. (ed.): Missouri Brothers in Gray. The Reminiscenses and Letters of William J. Bull and John P. Bull, Iowa City 1998, S. 43 Anm. 114).

 

 

Holliday, Frederick William Mackey:

CS-Major; zunächst Captain Co. D, 33rd Virginia Regiment Infantry (vgl. Wert: Brotherhood of Valor, a.a.O., S. 18, 96-97, 135, 216, 285, 315; Anm.: bei National Park Soldiers nicht genannt). 1861 Captain der 33rd Virginia Infantry; eingesetzt im Dezember 1861 bei Jackson's Angriff zur Zerstörung von Dam Nr. 5 am Chesapeake-Ohio-Canal (vgl. Tanner: Stonewall in the Valley, a.a.O., S. 62).

 

Feb. 22, 1828, Winchester City/VA - † 20.5.1899; beerd. Mount Hebron Cemetery, Winchester City/VA. Virginia, USA; Governor of Virginia. He was born Frederick William Mackey Holliday on February 22, 1828 in Winchester, Virginia. His father was Dr. R.J. Holliday and his mother was the former Mary Catherine Taylor. A highly educated man, he went to the Winchester Academy and later attended Yale University where he earned degrees in philosophy and politics. He later attended the University of Virginia where he obtained his law degree. During the Civil War he was the Commonwealth's Attorney for Frederick County, Virginia and also served in the Stonewall Brigade. He was first Captain of Company D, Mountain Rangers, of Winchester (a division of the 33rd regiment of the Stonewall Brigade). At the Battle of Cedar Mountain he was critically wounded in his right arm, which became so infected it had to be amputated. He resigned his commission as a Colonel on March 1, 1864. He trained himself to write well with his left arm and resumed his law practice and also tended his modest farm. Always interested in politics, in 1878 he became governor of the State of Virginia. Until Holliday, govenors had modest inauguration ceremonies. but he broke from this with a ceremony that included parades, military bands and delivered a speech before a crowd of 10,000 people in Richmond. He was governor until 1882. After his term, he began a tour of the world and traveled to many nations. He died on May 20, 1899 at age 71 and is buried in Mount Hebron Cemetery in Winchester, Virginia (vgl. www.findagrave.com, Abruf vom 24.8.2016).

 

Urkunden/Documents/Literature::

- Holliday, F. W. M.: Papers. Special Collections. William R. Perkins Library, Duke University, Durham NC

 

 

Holliday, Jonas P.:

US-Col; Co. F&S, 1st Regiment Vermont Cavalry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M557 Roll 7); nach seinem Tod 1862 wurde Charles *Tompkins am 24.4.1862 Regiments­kommandeur (vgl. Longacre: Lincoln's Cavalrymen, a.a.O., S. 50, 66; Boatner, a.a.O., S. 841)

 

 

Hollinsworth, B. P.:

CS-+++, 3rd Texas Cavalry (vgl. Shea / Hess: Pea Ridge, a.a.O., S. 76).

 

Documents/Literature::

- Hollinsworth, B. P.: "Battle of Elkhorn (Arkansas);" in: The New Texas School Reader, comp. J. R. Hutchinson, Houston, 1864

 

 

Hollingsworth, William W.:

US-Lt; Co B 33rd Indiana Infantry / Coburn's Brigade (vgl. Welcher / Ligget: Coburn's Brigade, a.a.O., S. 126, 129).

 

 

Holloway, David S.:

US-Captain; Co D 19th Indiana Infantry / Iron Brigade Teilnahme am Battle of Gettysburg am 1.7.1863 im Gefecht am Willoughby Run (vgl. Venner: 19th Indiana Infantry, a.a.O., S. 17-18, ). Der damalige 2ndLt Holloway hatte sich bereits 1862 um die Captaincy der Co D beworben, Regimentskommandeur Col *Meredith hatte jedoch eine Beförderung von Holloway abgelehnt, sich für Lt Wil­liam *Orr entschieden und dessen Beförderung gegenüber Indiana-Governor Oliver Morton empfohlen. In diesem Konkurrentenstreit wandte sich Holloway über den politisch einflußreichen Präsident der Staatsbank von Indiana, George Tousey, an Governor Morton. Dieser intervenierte telegraphisch bei Meredith, woraufhin Holloway am 7.4.1862 zum 1stLt und Kompaniechef der Co befördert wurde (vgl. Venner: 19th Indiana Infantry, a.a.O., S. 18). Holloway wurde im November 1862 zum Captain befördert (vgl. Venner: 19th Indiana Infantry, a.a.O, S. 35). Im Sommer 1863 war Holloway Adjutant von Brigadekommandeur BrigGen Solomon Meredith; Teilnahme am Battle von Gettysburg; Holloway überbrachte den Gegenangriffsbefehl bei Willoughby Run am 1.7.1863 an Col Wil­liams und die 19th Indiana Infantry (vgl. Venner, a.a.O., S. 52); am 1.7.1863 wurde Holloway bei McPherson's Ridge verwundet, fiel in Gefangenschaft und wurde später ausgetauscht (vgl. Venner, a.a.O., S. 79 mit S. 153n46). Holloway schied im August 1864 nach Ablauf seiner Dienstzeit aus (vgl. Gaff: On many a Bloody Field, a.a.O., S. 280).

 

 

Holloway, ?:

US-LtCol, 3rd Kentucky Cavalry (US); er griff mit einer Abteilung der 3rd Cavalry die Raiders von John Hunt *Morgan nach dessen Überquerung des Cumberland am 1.7.1863 bei Beginn des berühmten Raid nach Kentucky und Ohio an (vgl. Horwitz, Longest Raid, a.a.O., S. 20).

 

 

Holmes, Daniel B.:

US-First Sergeant; Co. D, 7th Kansas Cavalry (Jennison's Jayhawkers) (vgl. National Park Soldiers M542 Roll 4).

 

Holmes stammte aus Princeton / Illinois; † gef. 8.6.1862, als er mit der Truppe von Captain Merriman bei *Columbus / Missouri in einen Hinterhalt geriet (vgl. Newton, F. E.: Sergeant Newton’s Letter vom 15.1.1862 an die Eltern von First Sergeant Daniel *Hol­mes, in Daniel B. Holmes Collection, Chicago Historical Society, be­schreibt die Details der Aktion gegen Columbus und den Tod Holmes').

 

Documents/Literature::

- Holmes, Daniel: Daniel B. Holmes Collection, Chicago Historical Society

- Newton, F. E.: Sergeant Newton’s Letter vom 15.1.1862 an die Eltern von First Sergeant Daniel *Holmes, in Daniel B. Holmes Col­lection, Chicago Historical Society, beschreibt die Details der Aktion gegen Columbus und den Tod Holmes'

- Starr: Jennison's Jayhawkers, a.a.O., S. 68, 70, 93, 111, 116

 

 

Holmes, George Frederick:

Professor an der University of Virginia; seine Veröffentlichungen verschärften die sektionalen Spannungen nach Ende der Wirt­schaftskrise von 1856/57; Holmes gab die verbreitete Ansicht des Südens wieder, der Norden schöpfe die Gewinne aus dem Baum­wollhandel ab und beute den Süden aus (vgl. Nevins, Emergence of Lincoln, vol. I, a.a.O., S. 219).

 

 

Holmes, James Taylor:

US-Major; CO. F&S, 52nd Regiment Ohio Infantry; Holmes trat als Captain, Co. G, in das Regiment ein (vgl. National Park Soldiers M552 Roll 50).

 

Im Mai 1864 während Sherman's Atlanta Campaign war Major Holmes Acting Commander der 52nd Ohio Infantry (vgl. Castel: Decision, a.a.O., S. 126, 128).

 

Documents/Literature::

- **Holmes, James T.: Fifty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry: Then and Now, vol. I (Columbus: Berlin Printing Co., 1898)

 

 

Holmes, Oliver Wendell Jr.:

US-Captain, Co. D,A&G, 20th Regiment Massachusetts Infantry; Holmes trat als Lieutenant in das Regiment ein und wurde schließ­lich zum Captain befördert (vgl. National Park Soldiers M544 Roll 19).

 

Verwundet im Battle of Antietam, „shot through the neck“ (vgl. Frassanito: Antietam. Photo­graphic Legacy, a.a.O., S. 57; vgl. Dr. Wendell Holmes, Sr.: „My Hunt after The Captain'“; in: Atlantic Monthly, 10.12.1862, S. 738-64; hierin beschreibt Holmes' Vater die Sorge der Familie, die von der Verwundung des Sohnes am späten Abend durch Telegramm benachrichtigt wurde: „Capt. Holmes wounded shot through the neck thought not mortal at Keedysville. gez. William G. Leduc).

 

American legal scholar, author and jurist, best known for his tenure as an Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1902-1932). Holmes is considered one of the giants of American law. Not just because he wrote so well, but also because he wrote so much, and for so long. A lawyer seeking a quote from Holmes is never left wanting. Even the Internal Revenue Service building in Washington, D.C. bears his writing, "Taxes are the price we pay for a civilized society." Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. was born in Boston on March 8, 1841 into an affluent and literary family. His father, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., was a prominent physician, a professor of medici­ne at Harvard, and an author of novels, verse, and humorous essays. Holmes attended private schools in Boston and then, like his fa­ther, Harvard University. Young Holmes was not overly impressed with the Harvard of that time, finding the curriculum stale and bo­ring, so he exercised his literary talents as editor of "Harvard Magazine," and in numerous essays. After graduating from Harvard, Holmes began his Civil War service in the Union Army, where he was wounded three times in battle. Though he was later to glorify wartime service, he declined to renew his term of service when it expired. Holmes apparently, and justifiably, felt that he had done more than his duty, and had survived one battle too many to continue tempting fate. Holmes returned to Boston, decided to study law, and entered Harvard Law School in 1864. Though at first uncertain that law would be his profession, he soon became immersed in study and decided that the law would be his life's work. He committed himself to the study of law, but not necessarily to the private practice. After passing the required oral examination, Holmes was admitted to the Massachusetts bar in 1867. For the next fourteen years he practiced law in Boston. But his love for legal scholarship, rather than the mundane daily practice, became evident during this period. He worked on a new edition of "Kent's Commentaries," a mammoth endeavor that took some four years, and became the editor of the "American Law Review," a commercial legal periodical. Holmes married Fanny Dixwell in 1872. They had known each other since Holmes was about ten years old; as she was the daughter of the proprietor of the private school he attended. Their marria­ge was to be childless, and lasted until her death in 1929. Holmes's most famous work, "The Common Law," published in 1881 grew out of a series of twelve lectures he was invited to deliver, which required that he explain the fundamentals of American law. Shortly after publication of "The Common Law," Holmes was offered a post teaching law at Harvard. He accepted the professorship, but af­ter teaching only one semester, he resigned to accept an appointment to the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, the state's hig­hest court. Holmes served on the Supreme Judicial Court for twenty years, eventually becoming its Chief Justice. He loved the work, the legal research and the "writing up" of cases. Holmes enjoyed the work and found it easy. He could see immediately to the heart of an issue, and his intellectual powers were far superior to his colleagues. Though he was happy on the Supreme Judicial Court, he still desired greater fame and challenge. The opportunity for ultimate professional advancement came in 1902, when Holmes was appointed by President Theodore Roosevelt to the United States Supreme Court. His appointment might never have happened, except that Roosevelt and Holmes were both friends with Massachusetts Senator, Henry Cabot Lodge, who persuaded Roosevelt that Holmes was favorable towards Roosevelt's progressive policies. Roosevelt would live to rue the appointment however, after Holmes participated in striking down some of Roosevelt's progressive initiatives. Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. would serve on the Supreme Court longer than any other person up to that date, thirty years. He was called "The Great Dissenter" because he was often at odds with his fellow justices and was capable of eloquently expressing his dissents. Louis Brandeis often joined him in dissents, and their views often became the majority opinion in a few years' time. Holmes resigned due to ill health in 1932, at age ninety, at which point he was the oldest justice ever to have served on the Court. He died in 1935, 2 days short of his 94th birthday. (bio by: Edward Parsons, www.findagrave.com) 

 

8.3.1841 Boston/Mass. - † 6.3.1935 Washington/DC; beerd. Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington/VA (vgl. www. Findagrave. com); S. v. Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr., einem bekannten Boston physician, poet and Writer (vgl. Frassanito: Antietam. Photo­graphic Legacy, a.a.O., S. 56); °° Fanny Bowditch Dixwell Holmes (1840-1929) (vgl. www. findagrave.com).

 

Photo:

- Frassanito: Antietam. Photo­graphic Legacy, a.a.O., S. 58

 

Documents/Literature::

- Holmes, Oliver Wendell Jr.: Touched with Fire: Civil War Letters and Diary of Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., 1861-1864, ed. Mark de Wolfe Howe (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1946)

 

 

Holmes, Theophilus Hunter:

CS-LtGen; US-Berufsoffizier, West Point, im Mexiko-Krieg Major in der 8th US Infantry (in der auch Pickett diente; vgl. Longacre: Pickett, a.a.O., S. 57). Theophilus H. Holmes began his Civil War service as a brigadier general commanding the Southern Depart­ment of Coastal Defense (vgl. Longacre: Pickett, a.a.O., S. 57).

 

Soon after seceding from the Union, North Carolinians made preparations to defend their coast. Two departments of coastal defense were created and put ander the respective commands of Generals Walter Gwynn and Theophilus Holmes. These officers immediately began to strengthen existing fortifications und to built new ones (vgl. Barret, John Gilchrist: North Carolina as a Civil War Battle­ground, a.a.O., S. 17).

 

Dann wurde er Commander des Department of the Rappahannock (vgl. Longacre: Pickett, a.a.O., S. 57). Unmittelbar vor 1st Manas­sas stand BrigGen Holmes mit seinen Truppen bei Aquia Creek und wurde auf telegraphischen Befehl von Präs. Davis zur Verstär­kung Beauregard's per Eisenbahn nach Manassas Junction verlegt. He was present at the first battle of Bull Run and Malvern Hill, Virginia. In Oktober 1862 he received a promotion to major general (a.A. Longacre: Pickett, a.a.O., S. 57, wonach die Beförde­rung bereits Ende September 1861 erfolgte) and was placed in command of the Trans-Mississippi Department. After the battle of He­lena (Phillips County) on July 3, 1863, Holmes was sent back to North Carolina where he remained for the rest of the war.

 

Photo:

aus https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theophilus_H._Holmes

 

Documents/Literature::

- Castel, Albert: "Theophilus Holmes - Pallbearer of the Confederacy," Civil War Times Illustrated 16 (July 1977), S. 11-12

- Freeman, Douglas Southall: Lee's Lieutenants, a.a.O., S. 70, 71, 73, 75, 86, 87, 148, 238, 239, 243, 246, 250-252, 253, 262, 263, 264, 269

- Holmes, Theophilus Hunter: Briefe; Universität Arkansas, Military Documents, 1862-65 1 roll (Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville: Manuscript Resources for the Civil War, Compiled by Kim Allen Scott, 1990)

- Longacre: Pickett, a.a.O., S. 57 ff.

- Warner, Ezra J.: Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders (Baton Rouge, 1959), S. 141

 

 

Holmes, William R.:

CS-LtCol; Co. D, 2nd Regiment Georgia Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M226 Roll 30).

 

An established physician, Holmes made his home in Burke County, Georgia before the breaking out of war in 1861. On April 2, 1861, he entered the service of his state with a captaincy commission, and was given charge of Company D, 2nd Georgia Infantry. By April of 1862, he was a lieutenant colonel. He was fated to be killed at the Battle of Sharpsburg (Antietam). There on September 17, 1862, Holmes measured the full standard of bravery while defending the Rohrbach Bridge (now known commonly as the Burnside's Bridge). As a lone charger, Holmes, who never expected to survive, was instantly killed after the enemy opened fire. The field officer was "pierced by a dozen bullets." His body was lost in battle, and a cenotaph stands in rememberance of him in Waynesboro, Georgia (vgl. findagrave.com, Abruf vom 25.6.2016). Bei der Bergung seiner Leiche wurden Captain Abner Lewis (Co. B) und 2nd Sergeant James G. Burton (Co. D) verwundet (vgl. Priest: Antietam, a.a.O., S. 239).

 

1821 - † gef. 17.9.1862 im Battle of Antietam an der Lower Bridge (Burnside's Bridge); Erinnerungs-Cenotaph Waynesboro Confederate Memorial Cemetery, Burke County/Georgia (vgl. findagrave.com, Abruf vom 25.6.2016).

 

 

Holmes, William T.:

US-Pvt; Co. A&E, 3rd Regiment Indiana Cavalry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M540 Roll 35).

 

Pvt William T. Holmes erhielt am 3.5.1865 die Medal of Honor für seinen Einsatz bei Sailor's Creek for „Capture the Flag of 27th Virginia Infantry CSA" (vgl. National Park, Medal of Honor Recipients, William T. Holmes).

 

 

Holohan, John Frederic:

US-Corporal; Co. C, 36th Regiment New York Infantry (vgl. National Soldiers M551 Roll 66).

 

Urkunden/Documents/Literature::

- Holohan, John Frederic: Diary. Private Possession (zitiert bei Mitchell: Civil War Soldiers, a.a.O., S. 217 Anm. 3)

 

 

Holt, David E.:

CS-Pvt; Co. K, 16th Regiment Mississippi Infantry (National Park Soldiers M232 Roll 9).

 

Documents/Literature::

- **Holt, David (Private, 16th Miss): A Mississippi Rebel in the Army of Northern Virginia: The Civil War Memoirs of Private Da­vid Holt (LSU Press); edited by Thomas Cockrell and Michael Ballard; 354 pp, Photos, Map, Index, Biblio, Footnotes. Details the 16th Mississippi Infantry which fought at Gettysburg, Chancellorsville, the Shenandoah and other places. Holt saw action in most major battles and his descriptions are among the most graphic, dramatic, and poignant written by any soldier.

 

 

Holt, John Lee:

CS-Pvt; 56th Virginia Infantry

 

Documents/Literature::

- Holt, John Lee (56th Virginia): I Wrote You word: The Poignant Letters of Private Holt (H. E. Howard, 1993); edited by James A. Mumper; 158 pp, Notes, Photos

 

 

Holt, Joseph:

US-BrigGen; aus Kentucky; Postmaster-General und Secretary of War in der Regierung Buchanan (Nachfolger des Ende 1860 entlas­senen Kriegsministers Floyd); er nahm bei Kriegsausbruch noch seine Aufgaben wahr, da der neue Kriegsminister Cameron noch nicht eingearbeitet war (Welles:, Diary, a.a.O., vol. I, S. 3); Holt war ein radikaler unionistischer Politiker, der bei den Wahlen in Kentucky vom 20.6.1861 alle Anstrengungen unternahm, um einen Wahlsieg der Unionisten zu erreichen. Die Unionisten gewannen bei den Wahlen 9 von 10 Parlamentssitzen (vgl. Harrison: Civil War in Kentucky, a.a.O., S. 10-11).

 

1862 ernannte ihn Präsident Abraham Lincoln zum ersten Judge Advocate General der Unionsarmee. Alle Judge Advocates auf diesem Niveau vor ihm waren unterhalb des Generalsrangs. Im gleichen Jahr bot Lincoln Holt die Position eines Innenministers und 1864 die des Justizministers an. Holt lehnte diese jeweils ab. Er war einer der vielen Politiker, die für die republikanische Vizepräsidentschaft in Betracht kamen. Jedoch machte Andrew Johnson das Rennen. Währenddessen gewann Lincoln die Wahlen zu seiner zweiten Amtszeit. Er setzte sich gegen den demokratischen Kandidaten General George McClellan durch (vgl. wikipedia, Stichwort 'Joseph Holt', Abruf v. 6.4.2017).

 

Photo:

- Potter: Sultana, a.a.O., S. 171

 

 

Honnel, William:

CS-Pvt; 24th Mississippi Infantry (vgl. Castel: Decision in the West, a.a.O., S. 111, 120). Anfang Mai 1864 war die 24th Mississippi Infantry eingesetzt am Rocky Face Ridge in Erwartung von Sherman's Angriff bei Beginn der Atlanta Campaign (vgl. Castel: Decisi­on in the West, a.a.O., S. 120).

 

Documents/Literature::

- Honnel, William: Letters, Honnel Family Papers, Robert W. Woodruff Library, Special Collections Department, Emory University, Decatur / Georgia

 

 

Honey, John C.:

US-Lt (Corporal); Co. B, 6th Regiment Maine Infantry (National Park Soldiers M543 Roll 10), Light Division (Mackowski/White: Chancellorsville's forgotten Front, p. 44).

 

Documents, Literature:

- Mundy, James H.: No Rich Men's Son: The Sixth Maine Volunteer Infantry (Cape Elizabeth, ME, 1994), p. 106

 

 

Honeycutt, C. M.:

CS-Pvt, Co D, 1st Regiment North Carolina Junior Reserves (vgl. National Park Soldiers M232 ROLL 19).

 

 

Honeycutt, Columbus:

CS-Corporal, Co D, 4th Regiment Missouri Cavalry (CS) (vgl. National Park Soldiers M380 ROLL 7).

 

 

Honeycutt, C. M.:

CS-Pvt, Co D 1st Regiment North Carolina Junior Reserves (vgl. National Park Soldiers M230 ROLL 19).

 

 

Honeycutt, E.:

CS-Pvt, Co G 1st Regiment North Carolina Junior Reserves (vgl. National Park Soldiers M230 ROLL 19).

 

 

Honeycutt, E. W.:

CS-Pvt, Co C 13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment (vgl. National Park Soldiers M232 ROLL 19).

 

 

Honeycutt, Francis:

CS-Pvt, Co D 4th Missouri Cavalry Regiment (CS) (vgl. National Park Soldiers M380 ROLL 7).

 

 

Honeycutt, Frank:

CS-Corporal; zunächst Co. B, 26th Regiment North Carolina Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M230 Roll 19).

 

† 1.7.1863 Willougby's Run / Gettysburg als zeitweiser Color Bearer des 26th North Carolina Infantry Regiment (vgl. NN.: „No Man Can Take Those Colors and Live“. The epic Battle between the 24th Michigan and 26th North Carolina at Gettys­burg; in: http://www.­civilwar.org/ battlefields/ gettysburg/ gettysburg-2011/the-battle-for-herbst-woods.html, Abruf vom 7.6.2015 [Kopie in Archiv Ref, amerik. Bürgerkrieg Nr. 2]. CS-Corporal 26th North Carolina Infantry.

 

 

Honeycutt, Green:

CS-Pvt, Co D 26th Mississippi Infantry Regiment (vgl. National Park Soldiers M232 ROLL 19).

 

 

Honeycutt, H.:

CS-Pvt, Co G 1st Regiment North Carolina Junior Reserves (vgl. National Park Soldiers M230 ROLL 19).

 

 

Honeycutt, J. A.:

CS-Pvt, Co G 1st Regiment North Carolina Junior Reserves (vgl. National Park Soldiers M230 ROLL 19).

 

 

Honeycutt, J. L.:

CS-Pvt, Co I 15th Mississippi Infantry Regiment (vgl. National Park Soldiers M232 ROLL 19).

 

 

Honeycutt, James:

CS-Pvt, Co D 26th Mississippi Infantry Regiment (vgl. National Park Soldiers M232 ROLL 19).

 

 

Honeycutt, James A. R.:

CS-Pvt, Co B 15th Mississippi Infantry Regiment (vgl. National Park Soldiers M232 ROLL 19).

 

 

Honeycutt, Roland C.:

CS-Pvt Co K 6th Missouri Infantry Regiment (CS) (vgl. National Park Soldiers M378 ROLL 7).

 

 

Honeycutt, S. Adam:

CS-Pvt, Co C 1st Regiment Mississippi Light Artillery (vgl. National Park Soldiers M232 ROLL 19).

 

 

Honeycutt, T. J.:

CS-Pvt, Co F, 1st Regiment Mississippi Light Artillery (vgl. National Park Soldiers M232 ROLL 19).

 

 

Hood, Humphrey Hughes:

 

Documents/Literature::

- Hood, Humphrey Hughes: Papers (Illinois State Historical Library, Springfield / Illinois)

 

 

Hood, John Bell:

CS-LtGen; June 29, 1831 to August 30, 1879. Appointed to West Point by his congressman uncle. Hood reported on July 1,1849 (er war Klassenkamerad der Unionsgeneräle *Schofield und *McPherson, die mit Sherman gegen Hood bei Atlanta 1864 kämpften, sein Ausbilder in West Point war Unions-General Thomas, komm. General der dritten Armee während Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign; vgl. Evans, Sherman’s Horsemen, S. 86). He graduated forty-fifth in a class of fifty-five and was sent to the Fourth Infantry Regiment, stationed in California. Assigned to the Second Cavalry Regiment in Texas in 1855 with Lee and George *Thomas. On April 16, 1861 Hood resigns from the Union Army and four days later was commissioned first Lieutenant in Confederate cavalry. He reported to Lee in Virginia who promoted him to Major. In October of the same year he was promoted to Colonel and given command of the 4th Texas Regiment ++Infantry?+++, Army of Northern Virginia. He was known for being aggressive in battle and again promoted to Brigadier General in March 1862 in command of the Texas Brigade.

 

Hood war bereits mit 32 Jahren LtGen und Kommandeur eines Armeekorps. Seinen hohen Rang in jungen Jahren gewann er auf dem Schlachtfeld. Bei Gaines’s Mill am 27.6.1862 durchbrach seine Texasbrigade und Linien der Union und gewann den Ruf, beste Kämpfer der Konföderation zu sein. Daraufhin zum Divisionskommandeur befördert, führte er den entscheidenden Angriff bei 2nd Manassas, den zum CS-Sieg führte. Sein Gegenangriff bei Antietam schlug den ersten Unionsangriff zurück und rettete die konföde­rierte CS-Armee vor dem Zusammenbruch. In Gettysburg führte Hood’s Angriff gegen den linken Unionsangriff fast zum Sieg, der ihm nur wegen eines Befehls seines Korpskommandeurs Longstreet entglitt. Sein Angriff in Chickamauga zerschlug den rechten Flü­gel der Army of the Cumberland und zwang die Unionsarmee zur Flucht hinter die schützenden Mauern von Chattanooga. Hood wur­de daraufhin am 11.2.1864 zum LtGen befördert. Alle diese Schlachten waren durch Angriffe Hood’s mit immensen Verlusten ge­kennzeichnet (vgl. Castel, Decision in the West, a.a.O., S. 58 ff).

 

In October 1862 he received a promotion to Major General and given division command under Longstreet. On July 2, 1863 he was wounded in the arm at Gettysburg (schwere Verletzung am linken Arm, den er seither in einer Schlinge tragen mußte). He was on convalescence leave until his return to his division command en route to Chattanooga on September 5, 1863. John Hood was a hero at the Battle of Chickamauga. He was reported dead on the battle field on September 20 but surgeons were able to save him. His right leg was amputated. He recuperated in Atlanta for two months. Promoted to Lieutenant General by Davis February 2, 1864 with date of rank from September 20, 1863, the date he fell at Chickamauga. He reported later in the month to the to take command of Second Corps, Army of Tennessee and served under Johnson (er war einer der drei CS-Corpskommandeure in der Atlanta Campaign: Hood, *Hardee und Stewart). His policy was taking the offensive at any cest, General John B. Hood brought his reduced army before the defenses of Nashville, where it was repulsed by General George H. *Thomas on December 15-16 1864, in the most complete victory of the war.

 

The Atlanta Campaign spring of 1864 June 22: Hood attacks at Kolb Farm, halting Sherman’s attempt to bypass Kennesaw. July 17: After extended skirmishes and withdrawals around the Chattahoochee River and Peachtree Creek, President Jefferson Davis relieves Johnston of command and places (Hood versuchte zusammen mit den beiden Corps Kommandeuren *Hardee und Stewart die Ab­lösung zu negieren; vgl. Evans, Sherman’s Horsemen, S. 85). Hood in charge with the rank of full General. In a meeting with his men, Sherman instructs them to expect an attack at any moment, given Hood’s aggressive nature (vgl. Evans, Sherman’s Horsemen S, 86; Mathews: The McCook-Stoneman-Raid, a.a.O., S. 22). July 20, 1864: Hood attacks and loses at *Peachtree Creek July 22, 1864: Hood attacks the Federal left at Atlanta and loses. General McPherson dies July 28, 1864: Hood attacks and loses at Ezra Church Aug. 31: September 1, 1864: Hood attacks at Jonesboro and loses. May 31,1865 Surrenders at Natchez, Mississippi and is pa­roled. After the war Hood takes up residence in New Orleans where he fails in attempts to earn a living in the cotton and insurance indu­stries. He visits Washington where he tries to sell his war stories, this is also unsuccessful.

 

1864 verlobte sich Hood mit Sally Buchanan Campbell *Preston, der Tochter von Col (später BrigGen) John S. *Preston und Caroli­ne Hampton Preston (vgl. Castel: Decision in the West, a.a.O., S. 62, 104). Ihre Eltern, Südstaaten-Aristokraten aus South Carolina, waren gegen die Verbindung mit Hood, den sie mangels sozialen und kulturellen Backgrounds, zunächst als ungeeigneten Schwieger­sohn ansahen (vgl. Castel: Decision in the West, a.a.O., S. 62).

 

Hood wurde von Bischof und General *Polk in Dalton am 11.5.1864 getauft (vgl. Castel: Decision in the West, a.a.O., S. 148).

 

He married Anna Marie Hennen in April 1868. They have 13 children (three sets of twins) in eleven years of marriage. General John B. Hood dies of Yellow Fever August 30, 1879.

 

Photos:

Castel, Decision in the West, a.a.O., S. 59

 

Documents/Literature::

- Evans: Sherman’s Horsemen, S. 85 f

- Groom, Winston : Shrouds of Glory (The story of John Bell Hood and his Army of Tennessee during the final moments of the war from Atlanta to Nashville and the Battle of Franklin)

- Hood, John Bell: Advance and Retreat: Personal Experiences in the United States and Confederate Armies (New Orleans, 1880; re­print DaCapo Press, 376 pp, Maps, Introduction by Richard McMurry)

- McMurry, Richard M.: John Bell Hood and the War for Southern Independence (Univ Nebraska Press, Reprint of 1982 Original), 239 pp, Illustrations, Map. The Journal of Southern History calls this a "terse, sharply focused portrait". Castel, Decision in the West, a.a.O., S. 577 Anm. 2, bezeichnet McMurry Buch als die beste Biographie Hood's

- Polley, J. B.: Hood’s Texas Brigade ... (New York, 1910). Freeman: Robert E. Lee, a.a.O., vol IV meint: “A most informative work on a very famous brigade.”

- Simpson, Harold B.: Hood's Texas Brigade: Lee's Grenadier Guard (Waco: Texian Press, 1970. Reprint. Gaithersburg, Md.: Olde Soldier Books Inc.:, 1994)

 

 

Hooke, Robert W.:

CS-+++; 5th Virginia Infantry

 

Documents/Literature::

- Hooke, Robert W.: Wartime letters of Robert W. Hooke, a member of th 5th Virginia Infantry, scattered dates (Duke University Mansucript Collection, Durham, North Carolina)

 

 

Hooker, Joseph (Spitzname „Fighting Joe“):

US-MajGen; 13.11.1815 Hadley, Hampshire County / Mass. - † 31.10.1879 Garden City, Nassau County / New York, Republikaner und General der Nordstaaten.

 

Hooker besuchte zunächst die Schule in seiner Heimatstadt und erhielt 1834 die Zulassung zur US-Militärakademie in West Point, die er nach vier Jahren mit einem mäßigen Examen verließ. Er wurde als Leutnant der Artillerie zugeteilt und nahm zunächst am Zweiten Seminolenkrieg und später am Mexikanisch-Amerikanischen Krieg teil, in dem er den Stäben der Generale Zachary Tay­lor und Winfield Scott angehörte. Für seine Leistungen in diesem Krieg wurde Hooker zum Captain (Hauptmann) befördert und er­hielt außerdem den Brevet-Rang eines Lieutenant Colonels (Oberstleutnant). Er machte sich jedoch bei seinem Oberbefehlshaber Scott unbeliebt, indem er zugunsten eines Offiziers aussagte, gegen den Scott ein Kriegsgerichtsverfahren eingeleitet hatte, und er­warb sich außerdem einen zweifelhaften Ruf als hartgesottener Trinker und Schürzenjäger. 1853 reichte er seinen Abschied ein und ließ sich in Sonoma in Kalifornien nieder – offiziell als Landwirt, tatsächlich aber eher als Lebemann.

 

Nach dem Beginn des Sezessionskrieges ersuchte Hooker die Unionsregierung um ein neues Offizierspatent, wurde aber zunächst nicht berücksichtigt. During court-martial proceedings against Pillow, who was one one Winfield Scott's chief rivals, Joe Hooker testified on Pillow's behalf That's why Hooker, the newly re-commissioned LtCol had difficulties obtaining a command because his former run-in with Scott had left him on the wrong side of an army power struggle (Mackowski/White: Chancellorsville's forgotten Front, p. 6).

 

Auf eigene Kosten reiste er von Kalifornien nach Washington D.C. und bot dort Abraham Lincoln nach der Nie­derlage der Nordstaaten in der Ersten Schlacht am Bull Run seine Dienste an. Tatsächlich wurde er im August 1861 mit Wirkung vom 17. Mai zum Brigadegeneral des Freiwilligenheeres (Brigadier General of Volunteers) ernannt. Er befehligte zunächst eine Bri­gade und später eine Division im III. Korps der Potomac-Armee.

 

Im Battle of Fredericksburg im Dezember 1862 Befehlshaber der Center Grand Division; befehligte ab September 1862 das 1. Korps der Potomac-Armee (zu dem die *Iron Brigade gehörte; vgl. Gramm, Kent: „They must be made on Iron“. The Ascent of South Mountain; in: Nolan/Vipond: Giants in their Black Hats. Essays on the Iron Brigade, a.a.O, MilAmerik5, S. 14). Hooker war als Nachfolger McClellan's und Oberbefehlshaber der Potomac-Armee bereits Ende Oktober/Anfang November 1862 im Gespräch. Lin­coln entschied sich jedoch damals für Burnside. Burnside übernimmt als Nachfol­ger des am 5.11.1862 abgelösten McClellan - ob­wohl von Selbstzweifeln geplagt und ohne persönlichen Ehrgeiz (vgl. Chamberlain: Reminiscenses, a.a.O., S. 2; vgl. zu Hooker's Vorgehen in Washington unter Einschaltung der Presse, um zum OB ernannt zu werden: vgl. Sears: Controversies & Commanders, a.a.O., S. 137 ff), auf Rat seiner Freunde, um den Aufstieg von Hooker zu verhindern ++++Hintergrund klären++++ (vgl. Alexander: Fighting for the Confederacy, a.a.O., S. 166) - am 9.11.1862 offiziell (vgl. Longstreet: From Manassas to Appo­mattox, a.a.O., 291) das Kommando über die Poto­mac-Armee, die wichtigste Armee des Nordens. Hierbei scheint ihn sein Freund George McClellan davon überzeugt zu haben, daß er als Soldat das Kommando übernehmen müsse, da gegebenen Befehlen zu ge­horchen sei. Es scheint daß Lincoln's Entscheidung für Burnside gegen Joseph Hooker durch dessen Loyalität und Nichtbeteiligung an vergangenen Intrigen innerhalb der Army bedingt war (vgl. Sandburg: Lincoln, a.a.O., vol. 1, S. 625). Mit dem Kommando über­fordert, verliert Burnside die Schlacht von Fredericks­burg (11.-15.12.1862) und Lincoln’s Vertrauen. Chamberlain (vgl. Chamberlain: Reminiscenses, a.a.O., S. 2) gibt an, daß Burnside während der Fredericksburg Campaign ohne Abstimmung von dem mit Präsident Lincoln abgestimmten Plan der Flankierung von Fredericksburg abwich und sich für einen Frontalangriff entschied. Als Nachfolger Burnside's übernimmt Hooker im Januar 1863 den Oberbefehl über die Potomac-Armee, den er bis Juni 1863 innehatte.

 

Zu Hooker's Aufstieg an die Spitze der Army of the Potomac und zum US-OB sowie zur Intrige gegen Burnside (vgl. Sears: Chancel­lorsville, a.a.O., S. 1 ff, 11).

 

Hooker war bei den Soldaten sehr beliebt und angesehen als der beste General nach McClellan (vgl. Fisk, Hard Marching, a.a.O., S. 58). Er wurde dagegen von einer Reihe führender Generale abgelehnt, eingeschlossen MajGen Darius N. Couch, Kommandeur des II. Corps, der so viel Abneigung gegenüber Hooker besaß, daß am 22.5.1863 um Versetzung bat, um nicht länger unter Hooker dienen zu müs­sen (vgl. Martin: Gettysburg, a.a.O., S. 33). Es gab offenbar Spannungen zwischen Hooker und Oberbefehlshaber Halleck. There is a story that Halleck had uncovered some unfavorable Tales about Hooker when they were both living in California as civilians in the late 1850's (vgl. Stackpole: Chancellorsville, a.a.O., S. 4). At his first conference with Lincoln, Hooker told the President bluntly that he and Halleck could not get along; he would have to bypass the General-in-Chief and report direct to Lincoln. The President ap­parently raised no serious objection to Hooker's announced determination to disregard the chain of command. Hooker proceeded to do that to the point of virtually ignoring Halleck as though he did not exist (vgl. Stackpole: Chancellorsville, a.a.O., S. 8).

 

Lincoln hatte durchaus Vorbehalte gegen Hooker, dessen fehlende Loyalität gegenüber den „Brother Officers“ bekannt war; dennoch hatte Lincoln ihm den Oberbefehl mit Schreiben vom 26.1.1863 übertragen (abgedruckt bei Stackpole: Chancellorsville, a.a.O., S. 6-7). Hierin schreibt Lincoln u.a.: „And yet I think it best for you to know that there are some things, in regard of which, I am not quite satisfied with you. I believe you to be a brave and a skillful soldier … But I think that during Geb. Burnside's command of the Army you have taken counsel of your ambition, and thwarted him as much as you could, in which you did a great wrong to the country, and to a most meritorious and honorable brother officer …“.

 

Hooker's two major weaknesses were his fondness for liquor and his chronic habit of criticizing his superiors and intriguing with the object of superseding them. The latter trait first showed itself at West Point, where he narrowly escaped expulsion, but managed to fi­nish the course, and was graduated (vgl. Stackpole: Chancellorsville, a.a.O., S. 8).

 

Als Oberbefehlshaber der Potomac-Armee ordnete Hooker zunächst einige dringend notwendige Reformen an, behob die bisherigen Versorgungsmängel, faßte die Kavallerie zu einer schlagkräftigen Waffe zusammen und stärkte die Moral der Soldaten. Allerdings berief er auch ihm treu ergebene Offiziere mit zweifelhaften Fähigkeiten in hohe Stellungen und verwandelte sein Hauptquartier in eine "Mischung aus Bar und Bordell" (so ein ihm feindlich gesinnter Augenzeuge). Im April 1863 überquerte Hooker mit seiner Ar­mee den Rappahannock und eröffnete einen neuen Feldzug gegen Robert E. Lees zahlenmäßig weit unterlegene Army of Northern Virginia. Mitten in der Schlacht von Chancellorsville verlor Hooker jedoch die Nerven, ließ sich durch Lees unerwartete Aggressivi­tät und einen brillanten Flankenangriff "Stonewall" Jacksons in die Defensive drängen und ordnete schließlich einen überstürzten Rückzug an.

 

After Hooker's devastating defeat at Chancellorsville, several senior officers (in particular Henry Slocum and Darius Couch) wanted George G. Meade to assume command of the Army of the Potomac (vgl. Mingus: Flames Beyond Gettysburg, a.a.O., S. 1n1).

 

Bei Beginn der Gettysburg Campaign Lee's glaubte Hooker aufgrund von Geheimdienstberichten zunächst an einen Raid, und ließ zu dessen Verhinderung MajGen *Pleasonton bei *Brandy Station die CS Cavalry unter JEB Stuart angreifen. Als sich die Geheim­dienstberichte über eine 2. Invasion Lee's verdichteten, begann Hooker immer mehr Einheiten nach Norden zwischen Lee und Wa­shington zu verlegen (vgl. Sauers: Gettysburg. Meade-Sickles Controversy, a.a.O., S. 2; Fishel, Edwin C.: The Secret War for the Union: The Untold Story of Military Intelligence in the Civil War [Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1996] S. 414-32; Coddington: Gettys­burg Campaign, a.a.O., S. 48-49, 54).

 

Als Lee nun seinerseits mit einem Vorstoß über den Potomac nach Norden antwortete und sogar Washington bedrohte, verlor Lincoln das Vertrauen zu Hooker; daraufhin bot dieser seinen Rücktritt an, der von Lincoln angenommen wurde. Hooker wurde am 28. Juni durch George Gordon Meade ersetzt.

 

 

Hooker und Artillerie:

McClellan and Burnside had the intelligence or wit to recognize BrigGen Henry J. Hunt's competence and allow him complete free­dom of action in his command of the army artillery. Not so Joe Hooker, himself an artillery officer until he attained command of a division. When Hooker was placed at the head of the army of the Potomac he withdrew the command authority from Hunt, leaving him only administrative responsibilities, although still Chief of Artillery. To make matters worse, artillery officers were promoted and reassigned, without adequate replacement, until only five officers of field grade remained to direct the action of almost 10.000 artil­lerymen manning 412 guns for the Chancellorsville campaign. Moreover, because of the scarcity of artillery officers of the lower gra­des the five field officers were left with insufficient staffs. During the maneuvering before the Battle of Chancellorsville, Hooker for some unexplained reasons kept Hunt on the north bank of the river, wasting his time and skill on administrative duties that properly belonged to a staff officer. Hooker's inexcusable failure to restore tactical control of the artillery to his Chief of Artillery until the se­cond day of the battle resulted in many guns being left behind without Hunt's knowledge, but deprived the Army of the Potomac of his proven talents at a time when a more effective employment of the artillery might have changed the entire complexion of the batt­le. It must be concluded from the record that General Hooker, nominally at least an artilleryman, must have had a very inadequate ap­preciation of the value and capabilities of that arm, or he believed that he could employ the artillery to better advantage under own control as army commander (vgl. Stackpole: Chancellorsville, a.a.O., S. 28-29).

 

Während Sherman's Atlanta Campaign 1864 kommandierte Hooker vom 14.4.64-28.7.64 das am 4.4.1864 neu aufgestellte XX. AK, bestehend aus Teilen des XII. AK (Divisionen Alpheus S. *Williams und John W. *Geary) und Butterfield's neuaufgestellter Divisi­on.

 

Hooker's Spitzname „Fighting Joe“:

the sobriquet „Fighting Joe“ was achieved as the result of a carelessly transcribed notice of a newspaper correspondents' dispatch from the Peninsula in 1862. The story told of severe fighting in which Hooker's corps had been heavily engaged. The dispatch was captioned „Fighting – Joe Hooker“, which a thoughtless typesetter translated into „Fighting Joe Hooker“ (vgl. Stackpole: They Met at Gettysburg, a.a.O., S. 7).Hooker's colorful nickname „Fighting Joe“ stemmed from the newspaper headline „Fighting – Joe Hooker Attacks Rebels“ which with a clerical error became „Fighting Joe Hooker Attacks Rebels.“ General Lee derisively referred to him as „Mr. F. J. Hooker“ (vgl. Shultz/Mingus: Second Day at Gettysburg, a.a.O., S. 4n7).

 

Hooker's Resignation:

Hooker instructed the Federal garrison at Harper's Ferry to be ready to move against Lee's crossing of the Potomac. The War Depart­ment rescinded that order and dispatched MajGen William H. French to assume command at Harper's Ferry. General-in-chief Henry W. Halleck initiated the changes to ensure Hooker would not evacuate the garrison nor undermine its command and structure. The unexpected news elicited Hooker's full fury. Instead of leading his army across the Potomac, he rode to Harper's Ferry and tele­graphed his resignation to Lincoln and Halleck, who after some deliberation accepted it that evening (vgl. Shultz/Mingus: Gettysburg Second Day, a.a.O., S. 11). A staff officer in the War Department penned a terse message to Hooker's headquarters: „By direction of the President, Maj. Gen. Hooker is relieved from command of the Army of the Potomac ...“ (vgl. Shultz/Mingus: Gettysburg Second Day, a.a.O., S. 11). Hooker's resignation did not end his military career. He regained some of his reputation as a competent corps commander in the Western Theater under Gens. Grant and Sherman. However, Hooker resigned from the army after MajGen Oliver O. Howard was promoted to head the Army of the Tennessee (one of Sherman's three armies he led during his Georgia campaign) after its commander, MajGen James McPherson, was killed outside Atlanta (vgl. Shultz/Mingus: Gettysburg Second Day, a.a.O., S. 12n27).

 

Documents/Literature::

- **Benjamin, Charles F.: Hooker's Appointment and Removal; in: Battles and Leaders III S. 239 ff.

- **Hebert, Walter H.: Fighting Joe Hooker (Indianapolis 1944)

- **Hooker, Joseph: Correspondence. Samuel P. Bates Papers (Pennsylvania State Archives, Harrisburg / Pennsylvania)

- **Hooker, Joseph: Papers. Gettysburg College Library. Gettysburg / Pennsylvania

- **Hooker, Joseph: Papers. Henry E. (Huntington Library, Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville: Manuscript Resources for the Civil War)

- **Tremain, H. Edwin: In Memoriam Major General Joseph Hooker (Cincinnati/OH, 1881)

 

 

Hooper, Johnson J.:

CS-Journalist; aus Montgomery / Alabama; Herausgeber des Montgomery "Weekly Mail"; Verfechter der Sezession (vgl. Davis: A Government of Our Own, a.a.O., S. 26).

 

 

Hooper, Samuel:

US-Industrieller; Mitglied des US-Kongresses 1861-74; Boston Importeur und Eisen-Fabrikant; Hooper war einer wichtigsten Unterstüt­zer von Finanzminister Chase' Finanz-Programm.

 

 

Hoover, Samuel:

US-+++; Battery E 1st Illinois Light Artillery (Waterhouse's Battery); Teilnahme am Battle of Shiloh (vgl. Daniel: Shiloh, a.a.O., S. 170).

 

Documents/Literature::

- Hoover, Samuel: "Waterhouse's Battery at Shiloh." National Tribune, September 10, 1925

 

 

Hopkins, Luther S.:

US-Pvt; Co. I, 11th Regiment Illinois Cavalry (National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 42).

 

 

Hopkins, Luther W.:

CS-Pvt; 6th Virginia Cavalry (Hopkins: From Bull Run, Frontispiece).

 

Documents/Literature:

- **Hopkins, Luther W.: From Bull Run to Appomattox: A Boy's View (Baltimore: Press of Fleet-McGinley Co., 1908)

 

 

Horrall, Spillard F.:

US-Captain; Co. G, 42nr Regiment Indiana Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M540 Roll 35).

 

Documents/Literature::

- **Horrall, S. F.: History of the Forty-second Indiana Volunteer Infantry (Chicago: Donohue and Henneberry, 1892)

 

 

Horner, Franklin:

US-+++; 12th Pennsylvania Infantry

 

Documents/Literature::

- Nesbitt, Mark: 35 Days to Gettysburg. Campaign Diaries of Two American Enemies (Stackpole, Mechanicsburg); 224 pp, 15 b/w photos, 20 maps. A comparison study of the events leading up to and including the Battle of Gettysburg using diaries of Franklin Horner (12th Pennsylvania) and Thomas Ware (15th Georgia).

 

 

Horsley, A. S.:

CS-+++

 

Documents/Literature::

- Horsley, A. S.: "Reminiscenses of Shiloh." Confederate Veteran, vol. 2 (August 1894), S. 234

 

 

Horstmann, Albert:

US-Pvt; Co. ICK, 20th Regiment Massachusetts Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M544 Roll 19)

 

 

Horton, J. H.:

CS-Captain; 48th Virginia Infantry (Thomas Seldon Garnett's Brigade in Charles Sidney *Winder's Division) im Battle of Cedar Mountain am 9.8.1862 (vgl. Captain J. H. Horton's Report OR 12.2. S. 204-205)

 

 

Hosea, Lewis M.:

US-+++

 

Documents/Literature::

- Hosea, Lewis M.: "The Second Day of Shiloh;" in: Ohio Mollus, vol. 6 (1908), S. 195-218

 

 

Hoskins, James A.:

CS-Captain; Hoskins' Battery, Mississippi Light Artillery (Brookhaven Light Artillery) (vgl. National Park Soldiers M232 Roll 19).

 

 

Hoskins, William A.:

US-Col; 12th Kentucky Infantry; eingesetzt im Juli 1863 zur Abwehr von Morgan's Raid nach Kentucky, Indiana und Ohio (vgl. Hor­witz: The Longest Raid, a.a.O., S. 20)

 

 

Hosmer, James K.:

US-Corporal; 52nd Massachusetts Infantry

 

Documents/Literature::

- Hosmer, James K. (52nd Mass. Vols): The Color Guard: Beeing a Corporals Note of Military Service in the 19th Army Corps (Wal­ker Wise Co., Boston 1864)

 

 

Hostetter, Amos W.:

US-+++; 34th Illinois Infantry (vgl. Hicken: Illinois in the Civil War, a.a.O., S. 398)

 

Documents/Literature::

- Hostetter, Amos W.: Papers (Illinois State Library, Springfield / Illinois)

 

 

Hotaling, John R.:

US-Cpatain; Co ‘A’ 2nd Illinois Cavalry; Co 'A' gehörte im Frühjahr 1862 zur 1st Brigade Oglesby, 1st Division McClernand, Grant’s Army of the Tennessee bei der Eroberung von *Fort Donelson im Februar 1862 (vgl. US Grant; in: Battles and Leaders Vol. I S. 429; Wallace, Lew: The Capture of Fort Donelson; in: B&L, vol. I, a.a.O., S. 417-419).

 

 

Hotchkiss, Jedediah:

CS-Major (Captain), Topographical Engineer; 1828-99; stammte aus New York; Hotchkiss kannte das Shenandoah Valley seit 1847 aufgrund einer Wanderung durch das Tal. Er zog bald darauf an den Shenandoah, wo er die Mossy Creek Academy bei *Staunton und bald darauf eine weitere Schule gründete (vgl. Tanner: Stonewall in the Valley, a.a.O., S. 19/20). A Civil Engineer he joined Stone­wall Jackson in 18621 as corps topographer (vgl. Nye: Here come the Rebels, a.a.O., S. 368 n. 12). Hotchkiss war Zivilist und wur­de erst nach der Gettysburg Campaign Captain der CS Army (vgl. Coddington: Gettysburg Campaign, a.a.O., S. 600 Anm. 11; vgl. Nye: Here come the Rebels, a.a.O., S. 368 n. 12).

 

Sein Hobby war das Zeichnen von Karten, das er als Autodidakt sich selbst beibrachte und bald mit großem Erfolg betrieb (vgl. Tan­ner, a.a.O., S. 20).

 

Documents/Literature::

- **Hotchkiss, Jedediah: Confederate Military History, 3 vols 3 (Atlanta, GA., 1899)

- **Hotchkiss Papers, Library of Congress, Washington D.C. The essential source on the Valley Campaign Stonewall Jackson's. This vast collection contains the complete wartime letters of Jedediah Hotchkiss, a member of the Valley Army staff. Also included are Hotchkiss' diary, postwar unpublished journal, and various short recollections. The wartime letters of John *Harman, Valley Army quartermaster, are contained herein, as are copies of T. J. Jackson's Order and Letter Books covering the entire war. Finally, these pa­pers contain the fruits of Hotchkiss' postwar research, including dozens of letters to and from surviving participants of various battles. This postwar correspondence extends to 1896 (vgl. Tanner: Stonewall in the Valley, a.a.O., S. 574).

- **Hotchkiss, Jedediah: "Memoranda - Valley Campaign of 1862". New York Historical Society, Manuscript Department, New York

- **McDonald, Archie P. (ed.): Make me a Map of the Valley. The Civil War Journal of Stonewall Jackson's Topographer Jedediah Hot­chkiss (Dallas: Southern Methodist University Press, 1973)

 

 

Hottel, William F.:

CS-Pvt; (1841-1923); Pvt Co E, 11th Virginia Cavalry

 

Documents/Literature::

- Gist, Ariel Idella Hottel: Papers, 1892-1898, 1923-1932; 63 items. Journals, correspondence, photographs, and papers created or collected by Ariel Idella Hottel Gist of Marianna (Lee County). Mrs. Gist was a governess to the U. S. consul in the Danish West In­dies from 1892 to 1893, and the daughter of William F. Hottel (1841-1923), a former private in Company E, Eleventh Virginia Caval­ry. The collection includes a printed roster of Company E and newspaper obituaries of Hottel (Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville: Ma­nuscript Resources for the Civil War, Compiled by Kim Allen Scott, 1990).

 

 

Hotopp, Henry J.:

US-Captain; Co. D, 8th Regiment Illinois Cavalry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 42).

 

Hotopp führte am Morgen des 30.6.1863 die Vorhut von Gamble's Cavalry Brigade 1st Cavalry Di­vision John Buford auf der Straße von Emmitsburg zur Aufklärung Richtung Seminary Ridge (vgl. Martin: Gettysburg, a.a.O., S. 41, 43).

 

 

Hotze, Henry:

CS-Repräsentant in England für Handel und Propaganda (vgl. Tidwell, April 65 Confederate Covert Action, a.a.O., S. 17)

 

 

Hough, Alfred Lacy:

US-LtCol; Enlistment Date: 25 Apr 1861 Service Record: Enlisted as a Sergeant on 25 April 1861. Enlisted as Sergeant in Company F, 17th Regiment Pennsylvania Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M554 Roll 54) on 25 Apr 1861. Commission in 19th Infantry Regiment Regular Army on 14 May 1861. Promoted to Full Captain (As of 19th US Army Infantry) on 14 May 1861. Mustered Out Company F, 17th Infantry Regiment Pennsylvania on 2 Aug 1861 at Philadelphia, PA. Promoted to Brevet Major on 20 Sep 1863. Promoted to Brevet Lieutenant Colonel on 13 Mar 1865. Promoted to Brevet Colonel on 13 Mar 1865.

 

23.4.1826 Juliustown / New Jersey - † 28.4.1908 Princeton / New Jersey; beerd. Arney's Mount Friends Burying Ground. During the Civil War he served as a Colonel on the staff of Major General George H. Thomas. he remained in the Regular Army after the war, and rose to Brigadier General (vgl. findagrave.com, Abruf . 9.4.2017)

 

Documents/Literature::

- **Athearn. Robert G. (ed.): Soldier in the West: The Civil War Letters of Alfred Lacy Hough (US-LtCol) (Philadelphia: Un­iversity of Pennsylvania Press, 1956)

- Tucker, Glenn: Chickamauga, a.a.O., S. 314, 370

 

 

Houghton, Edgar P.:

US-Corporal; Co I, 14th Regiment Wisconsin Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M559 Roll 14).

 

Documents/Literature::

- Houghton, Edgar: "History of Company I, Fourteenth Wisconsin Infantry, from October 15, 1861 to October 9, 1865." Wisconsin Magazine of History, vol. IX (September 1927), S. 26-49

 

 

Houghton, Edwin B.:

US-Lt; 17th Maine Infantry; 1863 im Battle of Gettysburg war Lt Houghton Aide von Col Regis De *Trobriand, dem Kommandeur der 3rd Brigade, 1st Division Third Corps at Gettysburg and the 3rd Division, Second Corps at Appomattox (Pfanz: Gettysburg. The Second Day, a.a.O., S. 2). (vgl. Pfanz: Gettysburg, a.a.O., S. 258)

 

Documents/Literature::

- Houghton, Edwin B.: The Campaigns of the Seventeenth Maine (Portland, Maine: Short and Loring, 1866)

 

 

Houghton, Larry R.:

US-Canoneer; aus Michigan; Canoneer Battery B 2nd Michigan Artillery (Captain William H. *Ross Battery); Teilnahme am Battle of Shiloh am 6.4.1862 (vgl. Daniel: Shiloh, a.a.O., S. 193 uiVm S. 358n91)

 

Documents/Literature::

- Houghton, Larry R.: "Captured at Shiloh." Michigan History (March-April 1993), S. 34-41

 

 

Houghton, Mitchell B.:

CS-Pvt; Co. H 15th Alabama Infantry (vgl. Penny / Laine: Struggle for the Round Tops, a.a.O., S. 12).

 

Photo:

- Penny / Laine: Struggle for the Round Tops, a.a.O., S. 11

 

Documents/Literature::

- Houghton, William Robert, and *Houghton, Mitchell B. Two Boys in the Civil War and after (Montgomery, Alabama: Paragon Press, 1912 [Reprinted, microfiche])

 

 

Houlton, William H.:

US-PVT (?); Co E 8th Minnesota Infantry

 

Documents/Literature::

- Crowell, M. S.: Letters, 1864-1865; 2 items. Crowell, a Federal quartermaster officer, wrote to William H. Houlton, Company E, Eighth Minnesota Infantry, from Fayetteville (Washington County), August 19, 1864, and Fort Smith (Sebastian County), December 26, 1865. Crowell's Fayetteville letter describes local conditions, clashes with bushwhackers, and reactions to gossip from Houlton's regiment. Crowell's Fort Smith letter mentions the garrison troops at that location and at Fort Gibson, Indian Territory, and his efforts in securing a furlough. Typewritten transcriptions of original letters held by the Minnesota Historical Society (Univ. of Arkansas, Fa­yetteville: Manuscript Resources for the Civil War, Compiled by Kim Allen Scott, 1990).

 

 

Houston, Samuel:

US-Gouverneur von Texas, ++++- 26.7.1863, 2x Präsident des bis ++++ unabhängigen Staates Texas; 1859 zum Gouverneur ge­wählt; Houston, der den Eid auf den sezessionistischen Staat Texas verweigerte, wurde von der Secession Convention am 14.3.1861 abgesetzt (vgl. Hale: Third Texas Cavalry, a.a.O., S. 23; Josephy: The War in the West, a.a.O., S. 15, 20-22). Houston's Warnungen wurden in den Wind geschlagen. Verbittert und erniedrigt zog sich der alte Kämpfer auf seine Farm bei Huntsville zurück, wo er 1863 starb.

 

Sein eigentlicher Name war Dr. Robert Anderson Irion (vgl. Paul, Roland: Johann Philipp Jacob Irion, seine Auswanderung, Familie und Freunde; in: Pfälzisch-Rheinische Familienkunde 54. Jg. 2005, Band XV, S. 629).

 

Photo:

- Davis / Wiley: Photographic History of the Civil War, vol I, a.a.O., S. 55

 

Documents/Literature::

- Friend, Llerena: Sam Houston, the Great Designer, Austin 1954

 

 

Hovey, Alwin Peterson:

US-MajGen. 1821-91; aus Indiana. After the Mexican War, be became a state Supreme Court associate justice as an ardent Democrat. Changing parties when Republicanism was established, he was named Col 24th Indiana Infantry 31 July '61 and promoted BrigGen. USV 28 Apr. '62 for gallantry at Shiloh. He commanded 2d Dist. East Ark., 1, 12, XIII, Tenn. (22 Jan. - 8 Feb. '63) and succeeded to division (8 Feb. 26 July '63) for the Vicksburg campaign (vgl. Boatner, a.a.O., S. 412).

 

Im Spätjahr 1862 kommandierte Hovey den Distrikt von Eastern Arkansas um *Helena am Mississippi. Auf Befehl von Gen. Curtis unternahm Hovey den Flankenstoß in den Rücken der CS-Truppen in Mississippi während Grant's Angriff entlang der Mississippi Central Railroad, der CS-MajGen Pemberton zwang, die Tullahatchie-Linie vor Grant zu räumen. Curtis und Hovey planten hierzu einen Flankenstoß Richtung Grenada / Mississippi. Hovey setzte am 27.11.1862 bei Friar's Point (Karte Davis Nr. 154 C 9) Expediti­ons-Truppen in einer Stärke von 7000 Mann aus der Helena-Enklave über den Mississippi. Die Cavalry von 1900 Mann stand unter Führung von BrigGen Cadwallader C. *Washburn. Der Vorstoß erreichte am 28.11.1862 Polkville / Mississippi am Tallahatchie Ri­ver (vgl. Bearss: Vicksburg Campaign, a.a.O., I 77-79, 81 mit Karte S. 58).

 

Divisionskommandeur der 12. Division in McClernand's XIII Army Corps (vgl. Bearss: Vicksburg, a.a.O., vol. II, S. 403). Teilnahme an Grant's Vicksburg Campaign 1863. Marsch zur Umgehung von *Grand Gulf auf der Westseite des Mississippi in Louisiana von Coffee's Point bis zum Ufer gegenüber *Bruinsburg im April 1863 (vgl. Bearss, Edwin Cole: The Vicksburg Campaign, Vol. II, a.a.O, Bibliothek Ref MilAmerik44d2, S. 317-18; Karte: Davis Nr. 155 D6); Übersetzen der Truppen mit der US-Flotte über den Mississip­pi am 29.4.1863 und Landung bei Bruinsburg, Miss. (vgl. interessante Schilderung bei Bearss: Vicksburg Campaign, vol. 2, S. 318 m.w.N; History of the Forty-sixth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, September, 1861 - September 1865. Compiled by Committee [Logansport, 1888]).

 

Battle of Port Gibson, Miss. am 1.5.1863. Grant credited him with the victory at Champion's Hill, where his brigade (?) lost a third of its strength killed or wounded. He also led 4th Div., XVI, Tenn. (12-23 July '63) and 1st Div., XXIII, Ohio (10 Apr. - 9 June '64). In July '64 he was directed to recruit 10,000 men, which he did, taking only unmarried men, and the group was known as "Hovey's Ba­bies." He was breveted for war service (4 July '64) and resigned 7 Oct. '65 he was appointed Minister to Peru, a post he held until 1870, when he returned to law practice. He was in Congress in 1886 and elected Gov in 1888, dying in office. Distant kindsman of Charles E. Hovey.

 

Charles *Dana (Dana: Recollections, a.a.O., S. 63) schildert Hovey's Fähigkeiten und Charaktereigenschaften in einem Geheimbrief Dana's an Secretary of War, Stanton, vom 12.7.1863; er beurteilt Hovey als einen der besten Offiziere in Grant's Armee, sieht aber Charakterschwächen, da Hovey sehr an seinem eigenen Fortkommen interessiert sei.

 

 

Hovey, Charles Edward:

US-MajGen. 1827-97. Vt. After Dartmouth, he tought school and was superior of public schools in Peoria (Ill.) 1856-57. He started the first Ill. Normal College in the latter year and recruited the 33rd Illinois Infantry ("Normal Regiment") from its students and tea­chers, beeing commissioned its Col. 15 Aug. '61 (vgl. Boatner: Dictionary, a.a.O., S. 412). Maj John C. *Black, der zur 33rd Illinois Infantry ge­hörte, schrieb im September 1861 an seinen Vater, daß Col Hovey "might prove to be a Soldier in peace, a citizen in war ..." (vgl. Hi­cken: Illinois in the Civil War, a.a.O., S. 17 m.w.N.).

 

He was promoted BrigGen. USV 5 Sept. '62 and commanded 1st Brig., 2d Div. Dist East Ark.; 2, 11, XIII, Tenn. (Dec. '61), 2, 4th Div. Yazoo Expedition (Dec. '62- Jan. '63) and 2, 1, XV, Tenn. (3-22 May '63) at Arkansas Post where he was severely wounded. His appointment expired 4 March '63, and he practiced law in Washington, being brevetted Gen. USV 13 March '65 for Arkansas Post. Di­stant kindsman of Alvin P. Hovey.

 

 

Howard, Bushrod B.:

US-Captain, Co. I, 19th Regiment Illinois Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 43); † 17.9.1861 mit vielen Sol­daten seines Re­giments bei einem Zugunglück in Indiana. Howard hatte im Mexiko-Krieg gedient; Mitglied der Demokratischen Par­tei; Member of the Illinois House of Representatives 1851-52; Postmaster in Galena (vgl. Grant, Julia Dent: Personal Memoirs, a.a.O., S. 90, 114 Anm. 2).

 

1830 Salisburg, Addison County/Vermont - † 17.9.1861; beerd. Greenwood Cemetery, Galena/Illinois; Sohn von Ellery Howard (1781-1867) und Esther Brush Howard (1783-1875); °° mit Elizabeth MacKay Howard (1832-1879) (vgl. www.findagrave.com, Abruf vom 5.10.2016).

 

 

Howard, Charles Henry:

US-BrigGen; als US-Major Mitglied im Stab des XI Army Corps von MajGen Oliver O. *Howard (vgl. Martin: Gettysburg, a.a.O., S. 51).

 

28.8.1838 Leeds, Androscoggin County/Maine - † 27.1.1908 Glencoe, Cook County/Illinois; beerd. Rosehill Cemetery and Mausole­um, Chicago/Illinois; Sohn von Rowland Bailey Howard (1795-1840) und Eliza Otis Gilmore (1804-1888); jüngerer Bruder von US-MajGen Oliver O. Howard; °° Mary Katherine Foster Howard (1845-1927) (vgl. www.findagrave.com).

 

Born at Leeds, Maine, on August 28th. 1838, he was educated at the Kent Hill School and at Yarmouth Academy. He graduated at Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine, in the class of 1859, and afterwards was a teacher in the high school at Holden, Maine. He spent part of a year at West Point, where his brother. Major General O.O. Howard, was then a teacher of mathematics. Later he ente­red the theological seminary at Bangor, Maine. On June 4th, 1861, he enlisted as a private soldier in the Third Maine Volunteer Infan­try (which was being raised by his brother Gen. O. O. Howard, who had resigned from the army for that purpose) and on June 27th, 1861, he was appointed Principal Musician. He was detailed upon the staff of his brother, Gen. O. O. Howard, and in that capacity was present at the first battle of Bull Run. On January 24th, 1862, he was commissioned Second Lieutenant in the 61st New York Volunteer Infantry, and it is worthy of note that his friend, Maj. Gen. Nelson A. Miles, received preferment in the same regiment at the same time.

During the Peninsular Campaign he served as Aide de Camp on the staff of his brother, Gen. Howard, who was then in command of the First Brigade, First Division, Second Army Corps, and at the battle of Fair Oaks, June 1st, 1862, he received a severe gun-shot wound in the right thigh; his brother, the Brigade Commander, losing an arm. On October 8th, 1862, he was promoted to First Lieu­tenant and was Senior Aide of the Division staff at the Battle of Antietam. At the battle of Fredericksburg, he was wounded by a piece of shell in the left leg. He was promoted to Major and Aide-de-Camp of Volunteers on April 25th, 1863. This commission, one of his most cherished mementoes of the war, was signed by President Lincoln and Secretary Stanton. He served on the staff of his brother, the Commanding Officer of the Eleventh Army Corps, during the Chancellorsville and Gettysburg campaigns, and also during the campaigns about Chattanooga and the Relief of Knoxville in 1863.

During the Atlanta campaign he was assigned to duty as Assistant Inspector General of the Fourth Army Corps with the rank of Lieu­tenant Colonel, from May 4th to August 17th, 1864. On the "March to the Sea" he was Senior Aide on the staff of his brother, who was then Commander of the right wing of the Army, composed of the Fifteenth and Seventeenth Army Corps.

He was commissioned Colonel of the 128th US Colored Troops, April 6th, 1865, and on March 13th, 1865. he received the brevets of Lieutenant Colonel and Colonel, and on August 15th, 1865, of Brig. General of Volunteers for faithful and meritorious service. He was honorably mustered out on October 10th, 1866.

Having been selected as bearer of dispatches to President Lincoln after the capture of Savannah, our Companion enjoyed the distinc­tion and pleasure of that duty, and was in the summer of 1865, detailed as Chief of Staff to Major General Saxton in the reconstructi­on of the States of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida. He was assigned in War Department Orders in February, 1866, as Assistant Commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedman and Abandoned Lands for the District of Columbia, two counties of Virginia and a part of Maryland. Later this jurisdiction was extended to cover all of Maryland, Delaware and West Virginia. He was honorably discharged from service with the War Department on January 1st, 1868.

Gen. Charles H. Howard was married to Miss Mary Katherine Foster of Bangor, Maine, on December 1867. His widow and seven children, who have reached maturity, survive him. In 1871, Gen. Howard moved to Glencoe, Illinois, where for thirty-seven years he resided at his beautiful home called "Fair Oaks" from the battle of that name.

General Howard's activities for the advancement of civilization and the amelioration of conditions among the dependent wards of the Union never ceased. After leaving the service of the War Department he was for five years the Western Secretary of the American Missionary Association with headquarters at Chicago. He supervised the establishment and maintenance of Freedmen's Schools in the southwestern states; also missions and schools for the Indians in the northwestern states and territories and for the Chinese in Ca­lifornia. For three years, under Presidents Garfield and Arthur, he was Government Inspector of Indian Agencies.

From 1871 to 1881 he was the Editor and Publisher of the Advance, the Congregational organ for Chicago and the Northwest. In 1884, he was Western Editor and Business Manager of the National Tribune, the organ of the old soldiers of the Civil War. In 1885 he became the controlling editor of the Farm, Field and Stockman (the name of which was later changed to "Farm, Field and Fireside"), until the sale of the paper in 1905.

Gen. Charles.H. Howard was during the entire war the intimate friend and support of his brother, Gen. O. O. Howard, who often ex­pressed his warm appreciation of his intelligence, his powers of observation and his quick apprehension in times of stress and danger.

In battle his courage rose with the occasion and he was a tower of steadfast strength. He was gifted with remarkable powers of des­cription and his recollections and reminiscences scattered in fugitive papers through the press and among his personal records, have rare value (aus Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States (MOLLUS): "Memorials of Deceased Companions of the Commandery of the State of Illinois, Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States." Chicago, Illinois, 1912, vol. 2, S. 475-478; zitiert bei www.findagrave.com)

 

Photo:

- Charles Henry Howard (vgl. www.findagrave.com)

- Falmouth, Va. Capt. Charles H. Howard, aide to Gen. Oliver O. Howard, on horseback at Army of the Potomac headquarters (Library of the Con­gress)

 

Documents/Literature::

- Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States (MOLLUS): "Memorials of Deceased Companions of the Commandery of the State of Illinois, Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States." Chicago, Illinois, 1912, vol. 2, S. 475-478

- Thompson, David K. (ed.): „We are in His Hands whether We live or die“. The Letters of Brevet Brigadier General Charles Henry Howard (The University of Tennessee Press/Knoxville, 2013)

 

 

Howard, McHenry:

CS-++++; 1862 Stabsoffizier in Divisionsstab von BrigGen Charles Sidney *Winder (Jackson's old Division) während Jackson's Vor­stoß gegen Pope's Army of Virginia Anfang August 1862 und beim Battle of Cedar Mountain (vgl. Krick: Cedar Mountain, a.a.O., S. 19, 40). Howard stammte aus Maryland und war Soldier in the Army of Northern Virginia. Er nahm an many great actions teil, inclu­ding First Bull Run, the Valley campaign, the Seven Days battles, Cedar Run, Mine Run, the Wilderness campaign, and Spotsylva­nia."

 

Documents/Literature::

- Howard, McHenry: Recollections of a Maryland Confederate Soldier and Staff Officer under Johnston, Jackson, and Lee (Baltimo­re, Maryland, 1914)

- Krick: Cedar Mountain, a.a.O., S. 19-20, 35, 40, 62, 79-80, 96-97, 113, 321, 377-78, 381-82, 440 (n. 1)

 

 

Howard, Oliver Otis:

US-MajGen; 1830-1909; West Point 1854 (4/46); Divisionskommandeur in der Schlacht von Fredericksburg; Howard's Division überquerte als erste Division die Pontonbrücke und besetzte den Nordteil der Stadt (vgl. Chamberlain: Bayonet Forward, a.a.O., S. 3).

 

1846-1850 besuchte er Bowdoin College, wo er die wesentliche Züge seines Charakters entwickelte. Er wurde ein sehr frommer Stu­dent, der auffällig Abstand nahm vom Trinken, Fluchen und Rauchen. Er schloss im Jahr 1854 die Militärakademie West Point als ei­ner der Besten seines Jahrgangs ab. Danach diente er im Watervliet Arsenal in West Troy, NY (1854-1855); Kennebec Arsenal in Au­gusta, Me (1855-1856); und im 3. Seminolenkrieg (1856-1857). [1]Nach einem kurzen Zwischenspiel als Nachschuboffizier kehrte er wieder an die Akademie zurück, um Mathematik zu unterrichten. Er heiratete seine Freundin aus Kindertagen, Elizabeth Ann Wait. Sie bekamen 7 Kinder, davon 5 Söhne und 2 Töchter. [2] Seine Überlegungen, Theologie für ein Pfarramt in der episkopalischen Kirche zu stu­dieren, erübrigte sich durch den Ausbruch des Amerikanischen Bürgerkrieges (vgl. Internetdatei http:// de. Wikipedia. org/wiki/Oli­ver_Otis_Howard).

 

Er blieb der Union treu und übernahm das Kommando über ein Infanterieregiment seines Heimatstaates, aber schon während der ersten Schlacht von Manassas führte er eine Brigade, was durch seine kurz darauf erfolgende Beförderung zum BrigGen bestätigt wurde. Danach begleitete er George McClellan auf seinem sog. "Peninsular" Angriff [3] Während der Schlacht von Fair Oaks im Frühjahr 1862 wurde er schwer verwundet und verlor einen Arm. Nach seiner Genesung führte er wie­der eine Brigade, mit der er an der Schlacht am Antietam teilnahm. Zum Generalmajor befördert, kommandierte er während der Schlacht von Fredericks­burg eine Division, und im Frühjahr 1863 wurde er mit der Führung des XI. Korps beauftragt, das vor al­lem aus Deutsch­amerikanern bestand. (vgl. Internetdatei http:// de. Wikipedia. org/wiki/Oliver_Otis_Howard).

 

Howard erhielt für sein Verhalten während der Schlacht von Fair Oaks die Congressional Medal of Honor (vgl. Beyer / Key­del [eds.]: Deeds of Valor, a.a.O., S. 38-39).

 

MajGen 29.11.1862; Kommandeur II AK 26.1.1863-5.2.1863; Kommandeur XI AK 2.4.1863 - 25.9.1863 at Chancellorsville und Gettysburg (vgl. Boatner: Dictionary, a.a.O., S. 413); seine Leistungen waren allenfalls mittelmäßig, seine Truppen wurden bei Chancellorsville von Lee's Angriff überrascht (vgl. Castel: Decision in the West, a.a.O., S. 98). Versetzt zur Army of the Cumberland übernahm Ho­ward die Führung des XI AK Army of the Cumberland 25.9.1863 - 21.1.1864 und 25.2.1864 - 18.4.1864. Nach der Umstrukturierung der Army of the Cumberland durch Sherman bei Beginn der Atlanta Campaign wurde das XI AK und das XII AK zum neuen XX AK unter Joseph Hooker zusammengefaßt (vgl. Castel: Decision in the West, a.a.O., S. 94 ff.). Während der Atlanta Campaign führte Ho­ward als Nachfolger on Gordon *Granger das IV AK 10.4.1864 - 27.7.1864 (vgl. Boatner: Dictionary, a.a.O., S. 413; Castel: Decision in the West, a.a.O., S. 98).

 

Das Korps wurde in der Schlacht bei Chancellorsville schwer geschlagen, und auch bei Gettysburg erlitt es hohe Verluste. Zusammen mit dem XII. Korps wurde es danach nach Westen versetzt, wo Howard an der Schlacht von Chattanooga teilnahm. Im Frühling 1864 übergab ihm General Sherman für den bevorstehenden Atlanta-Feldzug das IV. Korps, und nach dem Tod von General James B. Mc­Pherson führte er die Tennessee-Armee. General Sherman begründete seine Entscheidung für Howard damit, dass dieser 80,000 Sol­daten and Hunderte von Kanonen zu leiten habe, während er selbst die Taktik bestimme. Damit gehörte er jetzt zu Sherman's Eli­te. Armeeoberbefehlshaber blieb er auch während Sherman's Marsch zum Meer und dem Carolina-Feldzug, auf dem die Armee "ver­brannte Erde" hinterließ (vgl. Internetdatei http:// de. Wikipedia. org/wiki/Oliver_Otis_Howard, Abruf vom 5.10.2016).

 

Howard, Medal of Honor winner and one of only 15 veterans to receive the official thanks of Congress; war ein "Christian General", who worked to succeed at Reconstruction and founded the first black college.

 

Nach dem Krieg blieb Howard als BrigGen in der US-Army. Er leitete Howard das Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands kurz Freedmens Bureau genannt. Er war verantwortlich für vier Millionen befreiter Sklaven, mit wenig finanziellen Mitteln Lesen und Schreiben beizubringen, zu schulen in handwerklichen Berufen und sie zu schützen vor den Ängsten der Weißen in den Südstaa­ten. Er handelte Arbeitsverträge aus, schlichtete Streitigkeiten und bezahlte Lehrer. Sobald er über Geld verfügten konnte, un­terstützte er die Schulen. Das Freedmen Bureau bestand nur von 1865 bis 1871, aber Howard gab mehr als 5 Million Dollar für die schuli­sche Bildung aus. In dieser Zeit gründete er auch die Howard University, welche die ersten Jahre von dem Geld der Freedmen exi­stierte und deren Präsident er von 1869 bis 1874 war. (vgl. Internetdatei http:// de. Wikipedia. org/wiki/Oliver_Otis_Howard).

 

Im Jahr 1872 gelang es ihm, mit den Chiricahua-Apachen unter Cochise [6] Frieden zu schließen. Fünf Jahre später führte er weiter nördlich eine spektakuläre Kampagne gegen die Nez Percé [7] durch. Erst nach einer monatelangen Verfolgungskampagne, während der das US-Heer mehrere Niederlagen hatte einstecken müssen, gelang es ihm, die flüchtigen Indianer wenige Meilen vor ihrem Ziel, der Grenze zu Kanada, zu stellen und zur Aufgabe zu zwingen (siehe Nez-Percé-Krieg). (vgl. Internetdatei http:// de. Wikipedia. org/wiki/Oliver_Otis_Howard).

 

Howard engagierte sich auch für die Politik der Republikanischen Partei, die Congregational Home Missionary Society, die Young Men's Christian Association, den Orden Military Order of the Loyal Legion, und für die the Congregational Church (Kirche). In der Folgezeit hatte Howard verschiedene weitere Posten inne, so zum Beispiel Direktor von West Point. 1894 schied er aus dem Militär­dienst aus und widmete sich dem Schreiben von Büchern. Der tief religiöse Howard, der von seinen Soldaten den Namen Christian Soldier erhalten hatte, starb am 26. Oktober 1909 in Burlington, Vermont (vgl. Internetdatei http:// de. Wikipedia. org/wiki/ Oliver_Otis_Howard, Abruf vom 5.10.2016).

 

Photo:

- Oliver Otis Howard, Foto von Mathew Brady, ca. 1860

 

Documents/Literature::

- **Carpenter, John A.: "General O. O. Howard at Gettysburg." Civil War History 9 (1963), S. 261-76

- **Greene, A. Wilson: „From Chancellorsville to Cemetery Hill – O.O. Howard and Eleventh Corps Leadership.“ The First Day at Gettysburg. (Kent/OH: 'Kent State University Press, 1992)

- **Howard, Oliver Otis: Autobiography of Oliver Otis Howard, Major General United States Army, 2 vols (New York: Baker & Taylor Co., 1907)

- **Howard, Oliver Otis: Papers (Bowdoin College Library, Brunswick / Maine)

- **Weland, Gerald: O. O. Howard, Union General (McFarland Publishing Inc., 1995); 195 pp; Photos; Bibliography; Notes, Index

 

 

Howard, Richard L.:

US-1stLt/Chaplain Co. F&S, 124th Regiment Illinois Infantry; Howard trat als 1stLt in das Regiment ein und war später Chaplain (vgl. National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 43, hier als 'Richard L. Howard' genannt); Lt Howard ist erwähnt bei *Snedeker (Diary, a.a.O., Eintrag vom 23.6.1863 u. 7.10.1863).

 

Documents/Literature::

- **Howard, Richard M.: History of the 124th Regiment Illinois Infantry Volunteers, Otherwise Known as the "Hundred and Two Do­zen," from August, 1862, to August, 1865 (Springfield / Illinois: H. W. Rokker, 1880)

 

 

Howard, Wiley C.:

CS-1stLt; Co. C, Cobb's Legion, Georgia; Howard enlisted as Pvt (vgl. National Park Soldiers M226 Roll 30)

 

Documents/Literature::

- **Howard, Wiley C.: Sketch of Cobb Legion Cavalry and some Incidents and Scenes Remembered (Jim Fox Books; Reprint of 1901 title); 20pp

 

 

Howe, Albion P.:

US-BrigGen

 

During the Chancellorsville Campaign BrigGen Howe commanded 2^nd Div. VI Corps Sedgwick (Mackowski/White: Chancellorsvil­le's Forgotten Front, p. 41).

 

Am Beginn der Gettysburg Campaign MajGen Joe Hooker ordered BrigGen Albion P. Howe's 4000-man division of the Sixth Corps, now on the southern riverbank of the Rappahannock after crossing of a recently finished pontoon bridge, to do nothing more than observe Lee's army of Northern Virginia (vgl. Shultz/Mingus: Second Day at Gettysburg, a.a.O., S.4).

 

Photo:

- Library of Congress, Washington D.C.: Albion P. Howe, in uniform, between 1860-1870; LC-B813- 1646 B [P&P] LOT 4192 (corresponding print)

 

 

 

Howe, James H.:

US-Col; Co. F&S, 32nd Regiment Wisconsin Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M559 Roll 14; vgl. Quiner, a.a.O., S. 800).

 

Eingesetzt ab 3.11.1862 in Memphis, Mississippi in 5th Brigade Buck­land, Division BrigGen Denver, Sherman's Corps während Grant Vicksburg Campaign 1862 (vgl. Quiner, Military History of Wis­consin, a.a.O., S. 801; Bearss: Vicksburg, a.a.O., Vol. I., S. 38).

 

 

Howe, Timothy O:

US-Senator aus Wisconsin (vgl. Foner: Reconstruction, a.a.O., S. 7).

 

Documents/Literature::

- Howe, Timothy O.: Papers SHSW

 

 

Howell, William:

CS-Pvt; 5th Texas Mounted Rifles; im Frühjahr 1862 Teilnahme an Sibley's New Mexico Campaign (vgl. Alberts: Battle of Glorieta, a.a.O., S. 16).

 

 

Howlett, James C.:

US-Pvt; Co. K, 75th Regiment Illinois Infantry; Howard enlisted as Sergeant, later he was Pvt (vgl. National Park Soldiers M539 Roll 43; vgl. Hicken:Illinois in the Civil War, a.a.O., S. 402).

 

Documents/Literature::

- **Howlett, James: Civil War Diaries (Illinois State Library, Springfield / Illinois)

 

 

Hoyles, John:

US-Pvt; Co. I, 55 th Regiment Ohio Infantry (vgl. National Park Soldiers M552 Roll 52).

 

Photo:

Pvt John Hoyles (vgl. Osborn: Trials and Triumphs. The Record of the Fifty-Fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, a.a.O., S. 88)

 

 

Hoyt, Mark A.:

US-Lt; 1st Minnesota Infantry, Company "F" Red Wing Volunteers

 

Documents/Literature::

- Holcombe, R. I.: History of the First Regiment Minnesota Volunteers (Stillwater 1916)